基于Petri网的突发环境事件应急监测联动联防体系仿真模型

通过突发环境事件应急监测与面向对象Petri网理论相结合,通过可行性分析后,将面向对象的Petri网建模工作应用到应急监测联动联防体系中。基于OPMSE仿真平台建立了辽宁省各城市、辽宁省各区域中心与辽宁省3个层次的突发环境事件模型。联动联防体系模型设定各层次的污染物监测能力阈值范围,如果相应的大气和水中的污染物浓度超过阈值,则应急监测交给下一级应急监测中心处理,从而构建了基于Petri网的突发环境事件应急监测联动联防体系模型。经过优化的组织体系联动联防方案,为应急监测提供技术保障,并为辽宁省突发环境事件应急监测联动联防体系的进一步完善提供了理论基础。     

皖江城市群旅游经济空间联系格局

在皖江城市群作为承接长三角产业转移示范区背景下及区域交通网络化、区域旅游一体化发展的新形式下,对皖江城市群旅游经济联系和影响范围研究就显得必要。以该地区10城市的旅游经济联系为主线,以界定旅游中心节点、测算旅游经济联系量和场强模型为手段,构建皖江城市群旅游圈。研究表明：以合肥和芜湖为双核的皖江城市群大旅游圈,其内部分为3个次旅游经济圈,北部以合肥为中心,包括六安区域、滁州和含巢湖整个水面的大部分区域的合肥旅游圈;西南以安庆为中心、池州为副中心,含铜陵一部分地区的安庆旅游圈;东南以芜湖为中心、宣城为副中心,包括马鞍山和部分巢湖区域、部分铜陵区域的芜湖旅游圈。最后提出了3个旅游经济圈发展的旅游规划     

综掘工作面气水联动除尘装置影响因素及应用效果分析

为掌握气水联动除尘装置影响因素及现场除尘效果,以便更好应用于现场实际。基于煤矿综掘工作面长压短抽通风控除尘系统,利用数值仿真和正交实验设计分析方法,系统研究除尘装置叶片参数、进风量和进风口位置等因素对除尘效果的影响规律。研究结果表明：叶片安装角为40°,扭转角为4°时,除尘器入口处负压值和进风量最大,而吸风口距工作面5 m、吸风量≥300 m³/min时的除尘效果较好。控除尘系统采用气水联动除尘装置后,各测点全尘除尘效率提高了40.8%～55.4%,呼吸性粉尘除尘效率提高了31.4%～41.3%,应用效果良好。     

城市综合体消防联动系统优化设计分析

根据城市综合体人员数量众多、火灾危险性比较高、救援难度相对较大的特点,以某建筑项目为例,提出城市综合体消防联动系统优化设计的方法.     

基于碳汇和景观连通性的跨流域生态安全格局构建

人工水系营造与土地利用变化对生态系统产生重要影响,利用碳汇和景观连通性构建跨流域生态安全格局对区域生态环境保护具有关键意义．选择湘江与漓江连通区域——湘漓连通区作为研究对象,基于2000~2020年土地利用数据,借助InVEST模型碳储量模块,结合形态空间格局分析（MSPA）,采用MCR模型识别湘江与漓江连通区域生态安全网络,评价跨流域生态系统碳储量和生态安全格局时空演变特征．结果表明：①2000~2020年湘漓连通区土地覆盖类型主要为林地和耕地,土地利用变化表现为耕地、林地和草地面积减少,水域和建设用地面积增加．②湘漓连通区碳储量以高、中区域为主,呈现块状分布;受土地利用变化的影响,2000~2010年碳储量缓慢增加,2010~2020年碳储量逐渐流失,近20年总计减少1.832万t．③湘漓连通区生态源地（5块）面积先减小后增大,生态廊道（10条）长度先增大后减小．整体看来,随着城市化发展,湘漓连通区高阻力值地区逐渐向东北方向迁移,且呈现扩张趋势,生态安全格局重心向西南方向迁移．利用碳储量斑块和景观格局耦合分析生态源地动态分布及其稳定性,可以为跨流域复杂生态系统生态安全格局构建提供新途径．     

Probabilistic Linkage of Police and Emergency Department Sources of Information on Motor-Vehicle Injury Cases: a Proposal for Improvement

Data on traffic injury cases that includes both the crash circumstances and the health outcome is a key tool for creating appropriate motor-vehicle injury prevention policies. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of the probabilistic linkage of police and emergency department data relating to motor-vehicle injury cases in Barcelona. A probabilistic linkage process was performed using local police reports (n = l2,481) and hospital emergency department data (n = 16,733) for all traffic injury cases that occurred in 1997. In almost two out of every three matched pairs for the injured person, at least five of the seven variables coincided, and in 7.3% of the cases all variables coincided. This work has allowed the empirical development of combined methods for the linkage of police and healthcare sources of information at the local level, which are the preliminary steps towards the construction of a data base that would include full information on the circumstances and the consequences of motor-vehicle crashes.     

Prenatal diagnostic testing for familial dysautonomia using linked genetic markers

Familial dysautonomia (FD), a recessively inherited disease, has been mapped to chromosome 9q31. Highly polymorphic dinucleotide repeat markers flanking the genetic locus and at the same genetic location have been identified. We describe the prenatal diagnosis of FD using linkage and linkage disequilibrium analyses with these markers. Twelve families were analysed for informativeness and of these, seven went on to have prenatal testing (a total of eight fetuses tested). All of these fetuses were predicted to be heterozygous unaffected (FD carriers). Seven fetuses have come to term and are normal. In the absence of a recombinant proband, a panel of three proximal and three distal markers is sufficient to provide informative flanking markers and an 87–96 per cent likelihood of a highly predictive test. In an additional family at 1:4 risk for FD, no DNA was available from the propositus. This family was analysed using linkage disequilibrium to the #18 allele of the tightly linked marker D9S58 in conjunction with linkage analysis using data from two unaffected children. Prenatal diagnosis in this family indicated an affected fetus.     

Linkage Effects and Environmental Impacts from Oil Consumption Industries in Taiwan

Input–output modeling and cluster analysis are used to assess the impacts of oil consumption industries on environmental quality and inter-industry relationships in Taiwan. Results indicate that fuel oil has the greatest impact on the environment. The transportation sector has grown rapidly with high energy intensity and severe pollution emission in Taiwan. Also, power generation, other industrial chemicals, paper products, non-metallic mineral products, petro-chemical materials, rubber products, cement and textiles are identified as the most significant industries causing serious pollution problems in Taiwan. Results of inter-industry linkages confirm that investment of the above-mentioned industries should be adjusted to better energy efficiency, environmental quality and economic bases. This study indicates that energy policy should integrate environmental policy, in addition to assuring energy and economical gains.     

我国规划环评制度的进展、面临的挑战及对策建议

本文系统梳理了我国规划环境影响评价（以下简称环评）制度的进展,分析了规划环评制度有效性仍存在的不足及原因,提出了对“十四五”规划环评改革的建议：一是树立“规划科学是最大的效益”理念,进一步明确相关部门在规划环评中的责任和义务;二是通过修订《中华人民共和国环境影响评价法》进一步明确规划环评成果落地途径,提高规划环评意见的法律约束力,使得规划环评意见能够纳入规划、并传导到经济社会建设中;三是要构建“三线一单”与规划环评的联动体系,夯实规划环评技术体系,进一步发挥规划环评的有效性。