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21.
We propose a stochastic dynamic programming framework to model the management of a multi-stand forest under climate risk (strong
wind occurrence). The preferences of the forest-owner are specified by a non-expected utility in order to separately analyze
intertemporal substitution and risk aversion effects. A numerical method is developed to characterize the optimal forest management
policies and the optimal consumption-saving strategy. The stochastic dynamic programming framework is applied to a non-industrial
private forest-owner located in North-East of France. We show that the optimal decisions both depend upon risk and time preferences.
The authors would like to thank participants at the international conference on Economics of Sustainable Forest Management
in Toronto, at the PARIS 1 seminar on Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, at the 2004 Applied Microeconomics Conference
in Lille and at the 13th annual conference of the European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists at Budapest. 相似文献
22.
We present a new mathematical programming framework that is adaptable to a variety of spatially explicit landscape problems
in environmental investment, conservation, and land-use planning, transport planning, and agriculture. As part of capturing
spatial interdependencies, the framework considers decision variables at two levels, finely spaced grid cells and landholdings.
We applied the framework to an environmental investment problem using objective functions representing biodiversity and carbon
sequestration. We also tested the model to optimize the path of a road through part of the landscape. Using the Nambucca case
study in eastern Australia, we applied a hybrid greedy randomised adaptive search procedure (GRASP) to find solutions to the
model. 相似文献
23.
Mixed-integer linear programs are proposed for siting development and conservation areas in watersheds, addressing economic
objectives (development perimeter and proximity) and ecological objectives. Links between watershed hydrology and ecology
need not be well defined. Parameters for the linear programs are obtained from linearization of the SWAT hydrologic model. 相似文献
24.
A mixed-integer programming model that minimizes the social abatement cost is used to investigate whether a market equilibrium
condition could be reached in a newly proposed permit-trading market for nitrogen oxide control in Taiwan. Unlike in previous
studies, unit pollution abatement cost is determined endogenously by incorporating technology adoption as a binary decision
variable. The results show that when technologies are lumpy and irreversible, disequilibrium might occur due to firms’ inability
to manage their emission levels after installing equipment with fixed size and control capacity.
相似文献
Chao-ning LiaoEmail: |
25.
结构分析中模拟与仿真技术研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
由于像洪水、水灾、地震这样一类自然灾害的原型重复试验几乎是不可能的,因此计算机仿真技术在这一领域的应用具有重要的意义。本文探索了土木工程中模拟与仿真的概念、特征及实现途径,阐述了关于仿真智能化、可视化的技术细节及仿真的基本思路;结合面向对象程序设计(OOP)概念,提出了结构分析程序设计的原则及标准。在此基础上,编写了基于Windows的结构有限元分析软件SmartSEA. 相似文献
26.
建立DPX快速吸附萃取、程序升温(PTV)大体积进样与气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)联用,SIM模式同时测定水中19种多溴联苯(PBBs)单体的方法。该方法在PBBs质量浓度1~50μg/L范围内线性良好,19种PBBs单体检出限为0.147~0.230μg/L,相对标准偏差为6.61%~10.5%,加标回收率为61.5%~82.6%。 相似文献
27.
Bart Van der Straeten Jeroen Buysse Stephan Nolte Ludwig Lauwers Dakerlia Claeys Guido Van Huylenbroeck 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2010,53(8):1011-1030
The EU Nitrate Directive has spurred many countries to regulate manure production and manure application. Farmers have three allocation options: spreading manure on their own land, transporting manure to other farmers' land or processing manure. The manure problem can be seen as an allocation problem. To better understand this allocation problem, we have developed the spatial mathematical programming multi-agent simulation (MP-MAS) model. This model has been applied in Flanders, Belgium, a region with a high concentration of livestock. The model evaluates the cost efficiency of policy intervention in the manure market through obliged processing. We propose to further optimise the policy using a regionally differentiated manure pressure indicator, which is directly derived from the dual outcome of the mathematical programme. This indicator increases transparency in the manure and processing market, leading to better decision support about location and type of manure processing. 相似文献
28.
Nageshwar Rao Bhaskar E. Earl Whitlatch 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1987,23(6):1027-1036
ABSTRACT: Mathematical optimization techniques are used to study the operation and design of a single, multi-purpose reservoir system. Optimal monthly release policies are derived for Hoover Reservoir, located in Central Ohio, using chance-constrained linear programming and dynamic programming-regression methodologies. Important characteristics of the former approach are derived, discussed, and graphically illustrated using Hoover Reservoir as a case example. Simulation procedures are used to examine and compare the overall performance of the optimal monthly reservoir release policies derived under the two approaches. Results indicate that, for the mean detention time and the corresponding safe yield target water supply release under existing design of Hoover Reservoir, the dynamic programming policies produce lower average annual losses (as defined by a two-sided quadratic loss function) while achieving at least as high reliability levels when compared to policies derived under the chance-constrained linear programming method. In making this comparison, the reservoir release policies, although not identical, are assumed to be linear. This restricted form of the release policy is necessary to make the chance-constrained programming method mathematically tractable. 相似文献
29.
Aregai Tecle Martin M. Fogel Lucien Duckstein 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1988,24(6):1169-1178
ABSTRACT: The impacts of alternative forest watershed management practices are examined from a multicriterion viewpoint in order to select the most satisfactory management scheme. The selection process is carried out using two types of multicriterion decision making techniques: the outranking types of ELECTRE I and II, and the distance-based type of compromise programming (CP). The process is illustrated using the U.S. Forest Service Beaver Creek Experimental Watershed in the Salt-Verde River Basin of Arizona as an example. The desired objectives of the experimental study and the alternative forest watershed resources management schemes are transformed into an evaluation matrix of alternatives versus criteria array. Analyses of the matrix using the aforementioned techniques result in a complete preference ordering of the feasible alternatives in the cases of ELECTRE LI and CP and a partial ordering when ELECTRE I is used. In addition, some sensitivity analyses have been performed and showed ELECTRE II and CP to be fairly robust with respect to parameter changes, while ELECTRE I being highly sensitive to changes in threshold levels. Overall the three techniques pointed out that 65 percent vegetation cut is the best management scheme, while the next best is shown to be 50 percent vegetation cut. 相似文献
30.
John E. Keith Rangesan Narayanan 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1988,24(6):1247-1256
ABSTRACF: Examination of a series of studies of the economically efficient water allocations in the Upper Colorado River, Yellowstone River, and Great Basins indicate that water is not a serious general physical constraint on the development of energy resources, so long as public institutions do not hinder the exchange of water rights in markets. Energy development will cause limited impacts on other water-using sectors, principally agriculture. There appears to be little reason to develop large-scale water storage facilities, even during periods of reduced water production. Water storage developments appear to be necessary only when institutional constraints severely restrict water rights markets and transfers. 相似文献