全文获取类型
收费全文 | 21468篇 |
免费 | 1344篇 |
国内免费 | 2812篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 2764篇 |
废物处理 | 341篇 |
环保管理 | 4353篇 |
综合类 | 11239篇 |
基础理论 | 1956篇 |
环境理论 | 10篇 |
污染及防治 | 1293篇 |
评价与监测 | 934篇 |
社会与环境 | 1829篇 |
灾害及防治 | 905篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 78篇 |
2023年 | 298篇 |
2022年 | 539篇 |
2021年 | 722篇 |
2020年 | 747篇 |
2019年 | 579篇 |
2018年 | 502篇 |
2017年 | 712篇 |
2016年 | 809篇 |
2015年 | 835篇 |
2014年 | 902篇 |
2013年 | 1175篇 |
2012年 | 1322篇 |
2011年 | 1543篇 |
2010年 | 1077篇 |
2009年 | 1175篇 |
2008年 | 943篇 |
2007年 | 1410篇 |
2006年 | 1349篇 |
2005年 | 1219篇 |
2004年 | 1100篇 |
2003年 | 1038篇 |
2002年 | 867篇 |
2001年 | 732篇 |
2000年 | 713篇 |
1999年 | 663篇 |
1998年 | 438篇 |
1997年 | 370篇 |
1996年 | 264篇 |
1995年 | 252篇 |
1994年 | 215篇 |
1993年 | 206篇 |
1992年 | 146篇 |
1991年 | 90篇 |
1990年 | 72篇 |
1989年 | 39篇 |
1988年 | 51篇 |
1987年 | 31篇 |
1986年 | 23篇 |
1985年 | 29篇 |
1984年 | 35篇 |
1983年 | 34篇 |
1982年 | 22篇 |
1981年 | 31篇 |
1980年 | 39篇 |
1979年 | 36篇 |
1978年 | 20篇 |
1977年 | 22篇 |
1975年 | 20篇 |
1971年 | 27篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
31.
南水北调的资源、环境和社会效应 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
俞澄生 《长江流域资源与环境》1994,3(3):265-270
建设南水北调工程,对中国的水资源在地区间进行合理调配,将带动其他资源的合理配置与利用,还可改善环境,是社会发展的需要,又受社会条件制约,一旦突破建成,将促使社会生产力发生新的飞跃并持续发展。 相似文献
32.
资源型城市可持续发展能力的演变与调控 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
作为特殊的经济区,资源型城市的衰落与振兴日益成为社会关注的热点。本文从分析资源型城市可持续发展能力入手,论述了资源型城市发展能力的成长阶段及演变特征,提出了资源城市可持续发展能力调控的模式和途径。 相似文献
33.
母岩的风化剥蚀速率与土壤允许流失量的关系 --以长江三峡坝区风化花岗岩土壤为例 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
土壤允许流失量的确定是一个非常复杂而又必须解决的问题,它关系到水土保持措施的布设和土壤的可持续利用。然而,发育在不同母质上的土壤,其土壤的最大允许流失量差异很大,确定这一值的依据也各不相同。在岩成土壤地区,母岩风化剥蚀速率的大小直接影响土壤的发育。是确定土壤允许流失量、分析人类加速水土流失的重要依据之一。选长江三峡黄陵背斜段风化花岗岩土壤为研究对象,根据剥蚀沉积相关原理,通过恢复古地理环境及时代,计算出新生代以来本区花岗岩的平均风化剥蚀速率为16.97mm/ka.最大剥蚀速率为49.56。又根据区内太平溪流域的泥沙资料,算出了当地现代的剥蚀速率,多年平均为297.7mm/ka,最小值为31.5mm/ka,而水利部颁布的当地土壤允许流失量为200t/km^2,a,折合为76.9mm/ka,二者相差近1.5—4.5倍。基于此。提出了确定土壤允许流失量必须参考母岩风化剥蚀速率的新观点。 相似文献
34.
Zhang Jing Feng Zhiming Yang Yanzhao 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2006,4(2):33-40
The article puts forward the process and means of regional water and land balance research, and then from two scenarios which are the balances under natural regulation and human intervention, calculated and analysed the balance between water and land on Ningxia Plain. For the balance under natural regulation named farmland water balance, using farmland water resource balance equation, the research estimated the monthly farmland" water balance of 8 major crops for all of the 12 counties on Ningxia Plain in the period of 1960-2001; for the balance under human intervention, the research estimated land-use water balance equation of the counties in 2000, and calculated the balance between land use and water resources including irrigating water of all the 12 counties on Ningxia Plain. Results showed that ①precipitation can not meet the water demand of the crops for growth and development on Ningxia Plain, and water shortage is the primary character of farmland water balance under natural regulation. ②the diversity of water and land balance of different counties is distinctly influenced by the crop structure, water quantity for irrigation and irrigation level. ③Irrigation water could meet the crop water demand on Ningxia Plain in 2000, but there was not much space to expand irrigating cultivated land. 相似文献
35.
Whereas past research has treated co-management of common pool resources as if villagers and project implementing authorities
were the only relevant actors, numerous external factors beyond the control of these two partners create barriers to successful
co-management. This paper draws on discussions with Forest Department officials to examine the influence of these forces on
the outcomes of Joint Forest Management (JFM) in Tamil Nadu, India. An empirical inquiry into the operational aspects of JFM
indicates the important roles of political parties, powerful people, and other state institutions and functionaries as well
as the flow of foreign funding. Further, the strong demand by local people for socio-economic development interventions as
opposed to improvement of degraded forests belittles the role of the Forest Department relative to other departments. Numerous
other conditioning factors and relationships are explored. The authors call for reforms in public governance to allow better
participation of all the actors involved for this participatory management approach to succeed and sustain. 相似文献
36.
P.P. Povinec H. Bokuniewicz W.C. Burnett J. Cable M. Charette J.-F. Comanducci E.A. Kontar W.S. Moore J.A. Oberdorfer J. de Oliveira R. Peterson T. Stieglitz M. Taniguchi 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2008,99(10):1596
Results of groundwater and seawater analyses for radioactive (3H, 222Rn, 223Ra, 224Ra, 226Ra, and 228Ra) and stable (D and 18O) isotopes are presented together with in situ spatial mapping and time series 222Rn measurements in seawater, direct seepage measurements using manual and automated seepage meters, pore water investigations using different tracers and piezometric techniques, and geoelectric surveys probing the coast. This study represents first time that such a new complex arsenal of radioactive and non-radioactive tracer techniques and geophysical methods have been used for simultaneous submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) investigations. Large fluctuations of SGD fluxes were observed at sites situated only a few meters apart (from 0 cm d−1 to 360 cm d−1; the unit represents cm3/cm2/day), as well as during a few hours (from 0 cm d−1 to 110 cm d−1), strongly depending on the tidal fluctuations. The average SGD flux estimated from continuous 222Rn measurements is 17 ± 10 cm d−1. Integrated coastal SGD flux estimated for the Ubatuba coast using radium isotopes is about 7 × 103 m3 d−1 per km of the coast. The isotopic composition (δD and δ18O) of submarine waters was characterised by significant variability and heavy isotope enrichment, indicating that the contribution of groundwater in submarine waters varied from a small percentage to 20%. However, this contribution with increasing offshore distance became negligible. Automated seepage meters and time series measurements of 222Rn activity concentration showed a negative correlation between the SGD rates and tidal stage. This is likely caused by sea level changes as tidal effects induce variations of hydraulic gradients. The geoelectric probing and piezometric measurements contributed to better understanding of the spatial distribution of different water masses present along the coast. The radium isotope data showed scattered distributions with offshore distance, which imply that seawater in a complex coast with many small bays and islands was influenced by local currents and groundwater/seawater mixing. This has also been confirmed by a relatively short residence time of 1–2 weeks for water within 25 km offshore, as obtained by short-lived radium isotopes. The irregular distribution of SGD seen at Ubatuba is a characteristic of fractured rock aquifers, fed by coastal groundwater and recirculated seawater with small admixtures of groundwater, which is of potential environmental concern and has implications on the management of freshwater resources in the region. 相似文献
37.
38.
现行财税体制下我国耕地资源数量变化的实证研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
耕地资源数量变化受到人口、经济等诸多因素的影响,而财税体制是影响耕地资源数量变化的更深屡次原因。通过数量关系的初步观察和作用机理分析说明我国现行财税体制对耕地资源数量变化存在正反两方面作用,总体来看,对耕地资源保护不利。计量结果进一步证实了我国现行财税体制对耕地资源数量变化存在显著影响。揭示了其影响的方向和大小。根据研究结果,文章有针对性地提出了增加地方财政预算收入,合理分配土地出让金比例和科学使用土地出让金等相关政策建议。 相似文献
39.
With China's rapid economic growth, ecological construction and environmental protection become increasingly important. The regenerated resources industry is an effective way to solve problems, such as resources depletion, energy shortage, and pollution, and it also has strategic importance for the construction of a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society. The regenerated resources industry has been established in Miluo for long time, which includes a recycling system, a processing and utilization system, and a refuse decontamination system. An industrial cluster is in its early stage of development. In order to solve current problems, such as short industrial chain, low processing rate, and low added value, the industrial cluster should be dynamically upgraded by means of technology innovation, chain nucleus creation, and chain extension. We think the industrial cluster of regenerated resources will become a local brand for Miluo, from which other regions or cities will gain valuable experiences and inspirations. 相似文献