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131.
132.
硫化氢分解制取氢和硫技术的进展 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
介绍了 H2 S分解制氢和硫的热力学、动力学最新研究成果 ,综述了 H2 S分解制氢和硫的各种工艺技术的新进展 ,并对这些工艺技术进行了分析和评述。 H2 S分解制氢的同时回收硫是一种很有前途的治理废气减轻污染的方法。 相似文献
133.
Stable hydrogen isotopes of two chlorinated solvents, trichloroethylene (TCE) and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA), provided by five different manufacturers, were determined and compared to their carbon and chlorine isotopic signatures. The isotope ratio for delta2H of different TCEs ranged between +466.9 per thousand and +681.9 per thousand, for delta13C between -31.57 per thousand and -27.37 per thousand, and for delta37Cl between -3.19 per thousand and +3.90 per thousand. In the case of the TCAs, the isotope ratio for delta2H ranged between -23.1 per thousand and +15.1 per thousand, for delta13C between -27.39 per thousand and -25.84 per thousand, and for delta37Cl between -3.54 per thousand and +1.39 per thousand. As well, a column experiment was carried out to dechlorinate tetrachloroethylene (PCE) to TCE using iron. The dechlorination products have completely different hydrogen isotope ratios than the manufactured TCEs. Compared to the positive values of delta2H in manufactured TCEs (between +466.9 per thousand and +681.9 per thousand), the dechlorinated products had a very depleted delta2H (less than -300 per thousand). This finding has strong implications for distinguishing dechlorination products (PCE to TCE) from manufactured TCE. In addition, the results of this study show the potential of combining 2H/1H analyses with 13C/12C and 37Cl/35Cl for isotopic fingerprinting applications in organic contaminant hydrogeology. 相似文献
134.
铁盐和铝盐混凝对水中天然有机物的去除特性研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
以三氯化铁和硫酸铝为研究对象,探讨了2种混凝剂对水中天然有机物的去除效果及特点.结果表明,低投量下,硫酸铝对天然有机物的去除效果要好于三氯化铁,混凝剂投量高于15mg/L时,三氯化铁的效果较好.如混凝剂投量为10mg/L时,硫酸铝和三氯化铁处理水的TOC分别为4.19mg/L和9mg/L;当混凝剂投量为20mg/L时, TOC分别降至2.44mg/L和1.69mg/L.三氯化铁混凝后水的pH值降低幅度高于硫酸铝,形成的水解产物所带正电荷密度升高,水中有机物的质子化程度高,有利于对有机物的吸附去除.通过对UV254出和SUVA的考察可知,三氯化铁对共轭结构及不饱和有机物的去除能力要高于硫酸铝.2种混凝剂对水中不同性质有机物的去除效果不同,三氯化铁对亲水性有机物去除效果较好,对小分子量有机物去除高于硫酸铝,如混凝剂投量为20mg/L时,三氯化铁和硫酸铝对相对分子质量区间小于10 000的有机物去除率分别为16.4%和6.1%,而硫酸铝对大分子量有机物去除效率较高. 相似文献
135.
垃圾焚烧中氯化物对重金属Cd迁移转化特性的影响 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
采用管式炉和模拟垃圾对垃圾焚烧中氯化物对重金属Cd迁移转化特性的影响进行了研究,使用ICP-AES(美国EPA消解方法)、SEM、EDS和XRD分析技术对重金属浓度、灰渣表面形貌、成分和灰渣X射线衍射物相等进行了分析.结果表明,氯化物的加入均使得97%以上的Cd分布于飞灰中,且随氯化物含量的增加在飞灰中的分布逐渐增加.有机氯PVC和无机氯NaCl含量的变化对Cd迁移分布的影响没有显著差别.PVC对Cd迁移分布影响受温度影响显著,550℃时Cd在飞灰中分布为80.51%,850℃时Cd在飞灰中的分布上升为97.91%,但在温度超过CdCl2的熔点568℃后温度的影响较小.NaCl对Cd的迁移分布受温度影响不明显,加入NaCl后550℃时Cd在飞灰中分布为95.02%,1 000℃时在飞灰中的分布为96.58%.氯化物存在下停留时间对Cd迁移分布没有显著影响.底渣和飞灰的SEM/EDS和XRD分析表明,PVC和NaCl对Cd迁移转化作用机理不同. 相似文献
136.
强化混凝去除微污染湖泊水浊度及TOC的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过烧杯混凝试验和动态连续混凝试验,就混凝剂种类、投药量、pH值、水温等因素,研究强化混凝对水中浊度和TOC去除效果的影响。试验结果表明:PAC最佳投量为30mg/L,浊度去除率为90.19%,TOC去除率为38.2%,水温高于20℃时,聚合氯化铝对浊度和TOC去除率分别高达84.95%、33.18%以上。虽然pH值是影响有机物去除的主要参数,动态连续混凝试验表明,不改变pH值,强化混凝工艺依然能极大地改善出水水质,滤后水质浊度为0.1NTU,TOC为6.23mg/L。 相似文献
137.
138.
因填充柱装柱繁琐,柱效低,最低检出浓度高,不能判别无组织废气中氯乙烯的浓度是否达到《大气污染物综合排放标准》(GB16297—1996)排放限值的要求;用毛细管柱能满足分析的要求。 相似文献
139.
Activated carbon (AC) was considered to be an effective sorbent to control mercury in combustion systems. However, its capture
capacity was low and it required a high carbon-to-mercury mass ratio. AC loaded with catalyst showed a high elemental mercury (Hg0)
capture capacity due to large surface area of AC and high oxidization ability of catalyst. In this study, several metal chlorides and metal
oxides were used to promote the sorption capacity of AC. As a result, metal chlorides were better than metal oxides loaded on AC
to remove gaseous mercury. X-ray diffractometer (XRD), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and specific surface area by Brunauer-
Emmett-Teller method (BET) analysis showed the main mechanisms: first, AC had an enormous surface area for loading enough
MClx; second, Cl and MxOy were generated during pyrogenation of MClx; finally, there were lots of active elements such as Cl and
MxOy which could react with elemental mercury and convert it to mercury oxide and mercury chloride. The HgO and HgCl2 might be
released from AC’s porous structure by thermo regeneration. A catalytic chemisorption mechanism predominates the sorption process
of elemental mercury. As Co and Mn were valence variable metal elements, their catalytic effect on Hg0 oxidization may accelerate
both oxidation and halogenation of Hg0. The sorbents loaded with metal chlorides possessed a synergistic function of catalytic effect
of valence variable metal and chlorine oxidation. 相似文献
140.
Hydrogen is considered an excellent clean fuel with potential applications in several fields. There are serious safety concerns associated with the hydrogen process. These concerns need to be thoroughly understood and addressed to ensure its safe operation. To better understand the safety challenges of hydrogen use, application, and process, it is essential to undertake a detailed risk analysis. This can be achieved by performing detailed consequence modellings and assessing risk using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. This study comprehensively reviews and analyses safety challenges related to hydrogen, focusing on hydrogen storage, transmission, and application processes. Range of release and dispersion scenarios are investigated to analyse associated hazards. Approaches to quantitative risk assessment are also briefly discussed. 相似文献