大气颗粒物中无机元素特性的研究

介绍用ICP-MS方法分析大气颗粒物中的无机元素,研究了部分污染元素在不同粒径颗粒物中的富集特征以及不同季节的浓度变化,并采用富集因子法对颗粒物的来源进行初步探讨。     

离子色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用(IC-ICP-MS)测定水体中的砷形态

使用离子色谱(IC)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)联用技术对水中砷的形态进行分离检测,对流动相、进样量和流速等条件进行了研究。使用IonpacAS18阴离子色谱柱,NH4HCO3作为淋洗液,1.0mL·min-1流速,成功的进行砷形态分离,该方法在100μL进样量下,4种砷形态(三价砷(As(III))、五价砷(As(V))、一甲基砷(MMA)和二甲基砷(DMA))的方法检出限在10～30ng·L-1之间,方法回收率为82.6%～110%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.2%～10.9%。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法在环境监测中的应用

针对ICP-MS技术的使用特点及其近年来在环境监测领域的应用进行综合阐述,并对ICP-MS技术的发展前景作出简单的评述.     

ICP-MS法用于藕中多元素的分析

用ICP-MS法对藕中的多元素进行分析。并与北京市安全食用农产品产品质量标准所涉及到蔬菜中Cd,Zn,As,Pb,Cu和Hg的标准值进行对比。结果表明，北京地区七个不同菜市场所售的藕除个别Zn含量超标外，其它元素均符合标准。     

ICP在环境分析中的应用

对近年来ICP—AES和ICP—MS在环境分析中的应用情况进行了综述，并对其在环境分析中的发展前景作了评估。     

Characterization of colloidal arsenic at two abandoned gold mine sites in Nova Scotia, Canada, using asymmetric flow-field flow fractionation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Asymmetric flow-field flow fractionation-inductively-coupled plasma-mass spectrometry was used to determine whether colloidal arsenic(As) exists in soil pore water and soil extract samples at two arsenic-contaminated abandoned gold mines(Montague and Goldenville, Nova Scotia). Colloidal arsenic was found in 12 out of the 80 collected samples(= 15%), and was primarily associated with iron(Fe) in the encountered colloids. The molar Fe/As ratios indicate that the colloids in some samples appeared to be discrete iron–arsenic minerals, whereas in other samples, they were more consistent with As-rich iron(oxy)hydroxides. Up to three discrete size fractions of colloidal As were encountered in the samples, with mean colloid diameters between 6 and 14 nm. The pore water samples only contained one size fraction of As-bearing colloids(around 6 nm diameter), while larger As-bearing colloids were only encountered in soil extracts.     

水中钴测定方法的比对研究

通过对石墨炉原子吸收法、电感耦合等离子体质谱法、比色法测定水中钴的方法性能进行比对研究,分析了各自的优缺点,为实验人员对钴分析方法选择提供良好的技术依据。当测定钴含量为5.00%~99.5μg/L时,石墨炉原子吸收法的RSD为2.6%~3.9%,加标回收率为93.5%~101.4%;ICP-MS法的RSD为2.0%~3.3%,加标回收率为95.6%~97.1%;5-CI-PADAB光度法的RSD为3.8%~4.8%,加标回收率为91.6%~103.8%。     

Microwave assisted digestion followed by ICP-MS for determination of trace metals in atmospheric and lake ecosystem

The study of trace metals in the atmosphere and lake water is important due to their critical effects on humans,aquatic animals and the geochemical balance of ecosystems. The objective of this study was to investigate the concentration of trace metals in atmospheric and lake water samples during the rainy season(before and after precipitation)between November and December 2015. Typical methods of sample preparation for trace metal determination such as cloud point extraction,solid phase extraction and dispersive liquid–liquid micro-extraction are time-consuming and difficult to perform; therefore,there is a crucial need for development of more effective sample preparation procedure. A convection microwave assisted digestion procedure for extraction of trace metals was developed for use prior to inductively couple plasma-mass spectrometric determination. The result showed that metals like zinc(133.50–419.30 μg/m~3)and aluminum(53.58–378.93 μg/m~3)had higher concentrations in atmospheric samples as compared to lake samples before precipitation.On the other hand,the concentrations of zinc,aluminum,chromium and arsenic were significantly higher in lake samples after precipitation and lower in atmospheric samples. The relationship between physicochemical parameters(pH and turbidity)and heavy metal concentrations was investigated as well. Furthermore,enrichment factor analysis indicated that anthropogenic sources such as soil dust,biomass burning and fuel combustion influenced the metal concentrations in the atmosphere.     

Hazardous and essential trace elements profile in the different soft tissues of Lithophaga lithophaga (Linnaeus, 1758) from Southern Adriatic Sea (Italy)

A characterization study of 7 hazardous (Hg, Pb, Cd, As, Cr, U, and Ni) and 11 essential (Co, Mo, Se, Cu, Zn, V, Ca, Al, Sr, Mn, and Fe) trace elements in date mussels (Lithophaga lithophaga,Linnaeus, 1758) was carried out by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. Date mussels (231 individuals), caught in the Gulf of Manfredonia (Southern Italy), were divided into 4 size-related groups. The different tissues (muscle, stomach, hepatopancreas and rest of soft tissues) were separated and analyzed to study the capability of absorption of this species. No particular differences were reported on the basis of the shell size; the soft tissues play an important role on the accumulation levels of hazardous and essential trace elements. These marine animals may be considered a good bioindicator of marine environmental pollution for their longevity and habitat permanence peculiarities.     

京津冀地区城市环境空气颗粒物及其元素特征分析

于2013年四个季度,选择京津冀3个主要城市和1个对照点,以及4个全国大气背景站,同步采集环境空气颗粒物PM10和PM2.5样品,采用微波消解ICP-MS法分析样品中的68种元素.结果表明,京津冀3个城市四个季度PM10和PM2.5均超过国家二级标准限值,且采暖季高于非采暖季.全年PM2.5/PM10比值大于0.5,细颗粒物污染占主导.元素在PM2.5中所占比例高于PM10.而背景点颗粒物浓度低于标准限值,远低于城市点,且四个季节变化不大.在检出的57种元素中, Na、Mg、Al、S、K、Ca、Fe、Zn在0.1~10 μg/m3之间,P、Ti、Mn、Ni、Cu、Ba、Pb在10~100ng/m3之间,其他含量较低元素如Cd、Co、Ge、Ga、Zr、Sr、V等在0.01~10ng/m3之间.元素S、Na、K、Al、Fe、Mg、Ca等含量大于1%,P、Zn、Pb、Cu、Ba等其他元素含量介于0.1%~1%.富集因子分析结果提示,K、Ca、Cr、Fe、Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb等9种元素主要来源于人为污染,采暖季与非采暖季富集因子比值在1.1~3.5之间.因子分析提示,燃煤、工业污染源、燃油等是颗粒物污染的主要贡献因素.