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41.
The paper describes the application of a new computer automated tool, developed by us, in the risk analysis of a typical chemical industry engaged in the manufacture of linear alkyl benzene. Using the tool—a comprehensive software package ImageURL/B6TGH-3XNT22T-2-12/0?wchp=dGLbVzW-zSkzS" alt="Image" title="Image" style="vertical-align:bottom" border="0" height=11 width="72"/>
-III (MAXimum CREDible accident analysis)—nine different scenarios, one for each storage unit, have been studied. It is observed that the accident scenario for chlorine (instantaneous release followed by dispersion) leads to the largest area-under-lethal-impact, while the accident scenario for propylene (CVCE followed by fireball) forecasts the most intense damage per unit area. The accidents involving propylene, benzene, and fuel oil have a high possibility of causing domino/secondary accidents as their destructive impacts (shock waves, heat load) would envelope other storage and process units.Besides demonstrating the utilizability of ImageURL/B6TGH-3XNT22T-2-12/0?wchp=dGLbVzW-zSkzS" alt="Image" title="Image" style="vertical-align:bottom" border="0" height=11 width="72"/>
-III, this study also focuses attention on the need to bestow greater effort towards risk assessment/crisis management. The authors hope that the study will highlight the severity of the risk posed by the industry and thus generate safety consciousness among plant managers. The study may also help in developing accident-prevention strategies and the installation of damage control devices. 相似文献
42.
In an attempt to better understand the mechanism underlying lateral collision avoidance in flying insects, we trained honeybees
(Apis mellifera) to fly through a large (95-cm wide) flight tunnel. We found that, depending on the entrance and feeder positions, honeybees
would either center along the corridor midline or fly along one wall. Bees kept following one wall even when a major (150-cm
long) part of the opposite wall was removed. These findings cannot be accounted for by the “optic flow balance” hypothesis
that has been put forward to explain the typical bees’ “centering response” observed in narrower corridors. Both centering
and wall-following behaviors are well accounted for, however, by a control scheme called the lateral optic flow regulator, i.e., a feedback system that strives to maintain the unilateral optic flow constant. The power of this control scheme is
that it would allow the bee to guide itself visually in a corridor without having to measure its speed or distance from the
walls. 相似文献
43.
浅谈遥感解译技术在生态环境状况评价中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
简述了遥感解译这一新兴学科的技术特点,以及它在生态环境状况监测和评价中所起的重要作用。详细介绍了利用遥感解译手段对影像进行处理的技术流程和方法,提出了用来判定生态环境状况的各类生态指数的计算方法。 相似文献
44.
Methods that are more cost-effective and objective are needed to detect important vegetation change within acceptable error
rates. The objective of this research was to compare visual estimation to three new methods for determining vegetation cover
in the sagebrush steppe. Fourteen management units at the US Sheep Experiment Station were identified for study. In each unit,
20 data collection points were selected for measuring plant cover using visual estimation, laser-point frame (LPF), 2 m above-ground-level
(AGL) digital imagery, and 100-m AGL digital imagery. In 11 of 14 management units, determinations of vegetation cover differed
(P < 0.05). However, when combined, overall determinations of vegetation cover did not differ. Standard deviation, corrected
sums of squares, coefficient of variation, and standard error for the 100 m AGL method were half as large as for the LPF and
less than the 2-m AGL and visual estimate. For the purpose of measuring plant cover, all three new methods are as good as
or better than visual estimation for speed, standard deviation, and cost. The acquisition of a permanent image of a location
is an important advantage of the 2 and 100 m AGL methods because vegetation can be reanalyzed using improved software or to
answer different questions, and changes in vegetation over time can be more accurately determined. The reduction in cost per
sample, the increased speed of sampling, and the smaller standard deviation associated with the 100-m AGL digital imagery
are compelling arguments for adopting this vegetation sampling method. 相似文献
45.
Wyoming’s Green Mountain Common Allotment is public land providing livestock forage, wildlife habitat, and unfenced solitude,
amid other ecological services. It is also the center of ongoing debate over USDI Bureau of Land Management’s (BLM) adjudication
of land uses. Monitoring resource use is a BLM responsibility, but conventional monitoring is inadequate for the vast areas
encompassed in this and other public-land units. New monitoring methods are needed that will reduce monitoring costs. An understanding
of data-set relationships among old and new methods is also needed. This study compared two conventional methods with two
remote sensing methods using images captured from two meters and 100 meters above ground level from a camera stand (a ground,
image-based method) and a light airplane (an aerial, image-based method). Image analysis used SamplePoint or VegMeasure software.
Aerial methods allowed for increased sampling intensity at low cost relative to the time and travel required by ground methods.
Costs to acquire the aerial imagery and measure ground cover on 162 aerial samples representing 9000 ha were less than $3000.
The four highest correlations among data sets for bare ground—the ground-cover characteristic yielding the highest correlations
(r)—ranged from 0.76 to 0.85 and included ground with ground, ground with aerial, and aerial with aerial data-set associations.
We conclude that our aerial surveys are a cost-effective monitoring method, that ground with aerial data-set correlations
can be equal to, or greater than those among ground-based data sets, and that bare ground should continue to be investigated
and tested for use as a key indicator of rangeland health. 相似文献
46.
Robert A. Van Zuidam Jamshid Farifteh Marieke A. Eleveld Cheng Tao 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》1998,4(2):191-202
The International Institute for Aerospace Survey and Earth Sciences (ITC) has a research programme that should result in an
integrated environmental coastal zone management system through three subprojects. The programme aims to develop methodologies
and tools for assessing coastal zone changes, and for the evaluation of scenarios for coastal zone management, based on a
spatio-temporal Geographical Information System (GIS) working platform which integrates remote sensing data, physical-morphodynamic
and eco-hydrologic modelling, and a decision support system.
The first subproject develops methodologies for the generation of optimum Remote Sensing (RS) data sets, leading to better
interpretation and complementary use of conventional and new remote sensing imagery. It also integrates RS, GIS, and modelling
through hypothesis generation, parameter estimation, evaluation and validation.
The second subproject facilitates qualitative and quantitative analysis and prediction of the physical aspects of coastal
landscape development under the influence of natural processes and human impacts. This subproject is based on the application
of remote sensing and dynamic modelling.
The third subproject leads to a spatio-temporal working platform which supports data integration of RS and in-situ measurements,
and qualitative and quantitative analysis for the prediction of coastal landscape development. Both support decision making
in Integrated Coastal Zone Management. 相似文献
47.
Xiangyang Ye Jian e Zuo Ruohan Li Yajiao Wang Lili Gan Zhonghan Yu Xiaoqing Hu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(2):17
48.
《Environmental Communication: A Journal of Nature and Culture》2013,7(2):139-155
The essay interrogates Animal Planet's television show Whale Wars, and the use of footage from that show in a commercial for one of the network's other shows, How Stuff Works, to examine the way these texts interact within the public screen. I argue that the (re)presentation of whale kill footage further instantiates an image event as a commodity and rhetorically reconciles the image event into a capitalist ideology counter to the social movement message constructed on Whale Wars—and by proxy allows the image event to play out only via a profit-motive tied to the death of the whale. 相似文献
49.
50.
Vanina Pasqualini Christine Pergent-Martini Gérard Pergent 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》1998,4(1):59-66
The beds ofPosidonia oceanica, a marine vascular plant species endemic to the Mediterranean, form a major Mediterranean marine ecosystem. These beds are
well-developed along the sandy east coast of Corsica, where the continental shelf is wide and extends for ca. 100 km. The
upper limit of this ecosystem has been mapped by means of a computer image processing technique using 1/20 000 colour photographs.
One of the major problems for image processing in the marine environment is the impact of the water layer (of variable thickness
and quality), which can result in variations of the spectral signature for a particular vegetation or bottom type. In an attempt
to reduce the impact of this artefact, a processing technique that takes into account bathymetric factors has been tested.
Cartographical data obtained for an area extending from Bastia to Solenzara are presented. In the vicinity of the mouths of
coastal rivers, a systematic indentation of the upper limit of the seagrass beds has been revealed. On the basis of these
results, local variations in the quality of the marine environment can be detected, in particular with regard to salinity,
turbidity and/or the impact of sedimentation. The overall surface area of thePosidonia oceanica beds has also been calculated. 相似文献