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161.
Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is based on the results of effect prediction. In general, there is much diversity in
the expertise in the field of environmental prediction between the different categories of actors involved in EIA. In practice
it became obvious in The Netherlands that the accessibility and comprehensibility of existing relevant information was insufficient.
For improvement, a series of systematic handbooks on effect prediction, useful for all categories of actors, has been developed
in The Netherlands. In this way, the selection of effect prediction methods to be used in concrete circumstances is improved
and speeded up for all parties involved in environmental prediction. After a discussion of the purpose of the handbook, the
realization and structure of the series are presented. Finally, the use and (potential) benefits of the handbooks for environmental
management are indicated. 相似文献
162.
A method to create simplified versions of existing habitat suitability index (HSI) models 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
James S. Wakeley 《Environmental management》1988,12(1):79-83
The habitat evaluation procedures (HEP), developed by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, are widely used in the United States to determine the impacts of major construction projects on fish and wildlife habitats. HEP relies heavily on habitat suitability index (HSI) models that use measurements of important habitat characteristics to rate habitat quality for a species on a scale of 0 (unsuitable) to 1.0 (optimal). This report describes a method to simplify existing HSI models to reduce the time and expense involved in sampling habitat variables. Simplified models for three species produced HSI values within 0.2 of those predicted by the original models 90% of the time. Simplified models are particularly useful for rapid habitat inventories and evaluations, wildlife management, and impact assessments in extensive areas or with limited time and personnel. 相似文献
163.
Studies were carried out to determine the physiological response of few economically important tree species viz., Mango (Mangifera indica), Eucalyptus citriodora, Sagon (Tectona grandis) and Sal (Shorea robusta) to roadside automobile pollution during 2004–2005. By determining some physiological parameters, which included chlorophyll
a, and b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids, ascorbic acid, pH and relative water content, impact of automobile exhaust on these species
was assessed. The data obtained were further analyzed by using one-way ANOVA and a significant change in all these parameters
was found in the leaf samples collected from road side trees, exposed to automobile exhausts in comparison to control. Higher
value of air pollution tolerance index (APTI) was recorded for S. robusta (9.02) while the minimum value of APTI was recorded for M. indica (6.76). 相似文献
164.
165.
166.
在环境影响评价过程中,经常会遇到一些简单却又很容易被忽视的问题,如水环境评价中的pH值、DO、大气环境影响预测中的取样时间等。如若处理不当将直接影响到环评报告书评价结论,只有掌握这些问题的处理方法,才能不断提高环评人员的业务水平和评价报告的质量。 相似文献
167.
Impact of fertilization on chestnut growth, N and P concentrations in runo
water on degraded slope land in South China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Growing fruit trees on the slopes of rolling hills in South China was causing serious environmental problems because of heavy application of chemical fertilizers and soil erosion. Suitable sources of fertilizers and proper rates of applications were of key importance to both crop yields and environmental protection. In this article, the impact of four fertilizers, i.e., inorganic compound fertilizer, organic compound fertilizer, pig manure compost, and peanut cake (peanut oil pressing residue), on chestnut (Castanea mollissima Blume) growth on a slope in South China, and on the total N and total P concentrations in runoff waters have been investigated during two years of study, with an orthogonal experimental design. Results show that the organic compound fertilizer and peanut cake promote the heights of young chestnut trees compared to the control. In addition, peanut cake increases single-fruit weights and organic compound fertilizer raises single-seed weights. All the fertilizers increased the concentrations of total N and total P in runoff waters, except for organic compound fertilizer, in the first year experiment. The observed mean concentrations of total N varied from 1.6 mg/L to 3.2 mg/L and P from 0.12 mg/L to 0.22 mg/L, which were increased with the amount of fertilizer applications, with no pattern of direct proportion. On the basis of these experiment results, organic compound fertilizer at 2 kg/tree and peanut cake at 1 kg/tree are recommended to maximize chestnut growth and minimize water pollution. 相似文献
168.
Matthew David Cotton 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2015,58(1):91-112
Stakeholder engagement (SE), particularly with representatives of locally affected communities, is integral to Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) processes, so critical evaluation of SE is necessary across a range of different socio-political contexts. EIA SE practice in the Sultanate of Oman is examined using Q-Methodology, a qualitative-quantitative discourse analysis technique, in order to evaluate key-actor perspectives and policy directions. Four discourses emerge, pertaining to (1) the institutionalisation of SE; (2) business as usual; (3) rights-centred engagement; and (4) decentralisation of EIA institutions. Consensus emerges that shows support for transparency and formalisation of SE; greater citizen-centred decision-making power; transparency in government guidelines; and the elimination of developer-led consultation processes. Policy options for reforming EIA policy are discussed, including a code of participation practice and a toolkit of suitable engagement methods. 相似文献
169.
通过运用ADMS模型,对2万m3原油储罐发生火灾爆炸事故时有毒有害气体及燃烧次生污染物的环境影响进行预测。结果表明,其产生的废气污染物对环境影响较大;在火灾持续6h的情况下,产生的主要废气污染物在距离事故中心120m范围内的人员将有半数死亡;距120~240m范围内造成组织缺氧;距240~4725m人员不会有生命危险;距离4725m范围内污染物的浓度超出车间最高允许浓度要求。同时提出了相应的环境风险管理措施,为今后类似事故环境影响评价作借鉴,为环保部门环境管理提供参考。 相似文献
170.
对某地区多年气象资料进行统计和分析,给出大气环境影响评价中典型气象日的确定方法。结合高架点源影响浓度的实例计算,可以方便地得到典型气象日条件下大气污染物的日平均浓度分布情况,能够更为真实地反映该地区的实际气象条件对大气污染物分布浓度的影响情况。 相似文献