化工建设规划生态环境影响评价研究

规划环境影响评价是以可持续发展的思想为出发点,通过调整规划布局或规模从规划源头预防环境污染和生态破坏。文章探讨了化工建设规划的生态环境影响评价理论和方法学体系,并以武汉化工新城为例,对该理论方法体系进行探讨。     

环境空气影响预测评价方法和模式问题探讨

指导环境影响评价的理论和技术方法要求具备较强操作性和实用性,鉴于实践中发现指导环评的相关技术方法存在一定的问题,这些给环评工作者在实际工作中带来了一定的困惑。通过对建设项目环境空气影响预测评价中存在的预测模式和方法两个常见问题进行了剖析,指出日均浓度预测方法和选取条件存在的不确定性及导则推荐的点源有风、小风模式预测结果的不连续性问题,通过提出上述问题为完善相关技术导则和方法修订提供可参考的依据。     

欧盟航空排放交易系统及其对中国利益相关方的影响

在应对气候变化问题上,欧委会坚持将民航纳入排放交易系统。欧盟已经通过指令立法程序,自2012年1月1日起正式将在欧盟境内起降的所有欧盟和非欧盟航班排放纳入欧盟温室气体排放交易系统（EUETS）,试图通过“上限—交易”的模式来限制航空的温室气体排放。本文解读了欧盟这一法律和政策,并分析了欧盟将国际民航纳入EUETS后,中国的航空公司、乘客及航空减排政策和行业发展将受到的潜在影响。     

城市规划的战略环境影响评价方法研究

在分析城市规划环评基本程序的基础上,总结了城市规划环评应关注的重点内容,并针对城市规划的核心问题——用地布局的环境影响评价,提出了以环境问题为导向的评价方法。     

大气环境防护距离和卫生防护距离区别及应用的探讨

针对2009年4月1日起实施的《环境影响评价技术导则大气环境》(HJ2.2-2008)中所提出的"大气环境防护距离"的概念展开详细探讨。结合《制定地方大气污染物排放标准的技术方法》(GB/T13201-91)中提出的"卫生防护距离",从定义、设置前提、计算方法的角度与"大气环境防护距离"进行对比分析,引用建设项目环境影响评价中的案例阐述这两者的主要区别,并对当前执行情况提出建议。     

大气环境影响评价新旧导则的对比分析

通过新旧大气环境影响评价导则HJ2.2-2008和HJ/T2.2-93的对比分析,对两个导则中五个方面对应内容的差异逐一进行了解析。以帮助读者了解新旧导则的异同,有利于更加深入地理解和使用新大气环境影响评价导则。     

生态适宜度评价在工业园区规划环评中的应用

从工业生态学的原理出发,结合规划环评的特点,以工业园区为研究对象,在规划环境影响评价中引入土地利用生态适宜度的评价方法,在将多个土地利用生态适宜度评价引入工业因区规划环境影响评价工作的实践基础上,建立了既能满足环境管理的要求,又具有可操作性的三级土地利用生态适宜度评价指标体系,包括环境空气、声环境等9项自然生态指标和集中供热、污水处理厂等9项人文生态指标,实现了对工业园区土地利用生态适宜度的定量评价,为工业园区的合理规划提供决策依据。     

环境影响评价与西部大开发的可持续发展

环境影响评价作为协调经济发展与环境保护关系的重要手段,将在西部大开发中发挥重要作用。本文从可持续发展的高度,提出进一步完善环境影响评价的具体对策,以确保实现西部大开发的可持续发展。     

A landscape vulnerability analysis method proposal and its integration in the EIA

Landscape is the area primarily affected by proposed human projects. The prediction and evaluation of the potential anthropogenic impacts under Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is therefore one of the major environmental tools for prevention of any deteriorative or destructive actions. To conduct EIA properly requires inclusion of a determination of landscape vulnerability which expresses the possible landscape reaction to impacts of any exogenous factors. When it is designated correctly, the suitable human activities are determined more accurately. Even though many techniques for this have been suggested worldwide, lots of deficiencies have surfaced in their application. This paper presents a method for landscape vulnerability analysis which consists of qualitative evaluation of landscape receptors, their scoring, the vulnerability degree calculation, and overall reliability evaluation. The method proposed can improve the impact objectivity of prediction and evaluation and the suggestion of precise mitigation measures with the purpose of achieving sustainable landscape management.     

Simulation of Combined Best Management Practices and Low Impact Development for Sustainable Stormwater Management1

Damodaram, Chandana, Marcio H. Giacomoni, C. Prakash Khedun, Hillary Holmes, Andrea Ryan, William Saour, and Emily M. Zechman, 2010. Simulation of Combined Best Management Practices and Low Impact Development for Sustainable Stormwater Management. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 1-12. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2010.00462.x Abstract: Urbanization causes increased stormwater runoff volumes, leading to erosion, flooding, and the degradation of instream ecosystem health. Although Best Management Practices (BMPs) are used widely as a means for controlling flood runoff events, Low Impact Development (LID) options have been proposed as an alternative approach to better mimic the natural flow regime by using decentralized designs to control stormwater runoff at the source, rather than at a centralized location in the watershed. For highly urbanized areas, LID practices such as rainwater harvesting, green roofs, and permeable pavements can be used to retrofit existing infrastructure and reduce runoff volumes and peak flows. This paper describes a modeling approach to incorporate these LID practices in an existing hydrologic model to estimate the effects of LID choices on streamflow. The modeling approach has been applied to a watershed located on the campus of Texas A&M University in College Station, Texas, to predict the stormwater reductions resulting from retrofitting existing infrastructure with LID technologies. Results demonstrate that use of these LID practices yield significant stormwater control for small events and less control for flood events. A combined BMP-LID approach is tested for runoff control for both flood and frequent rainfall events.