用国际可持续发展研究的新成果和通用语言解读生态文明

本文用国际可持续发展研究的新成果和国际通用语言解读生态文明,从理论、战略、治理三个方面进行探索性的讨论,提出深化生态文明的思考和建言。首先,从对象、过程、主体三个维度概述最近十年国际可持续发展研究的重要新成果新思想,指出其对理解和深化生态文明可能有的启示。其次,基于生态文明是经济社会发展与资源环境消耗脱钩的新认识,对中国未来从2020到2050年生态文明建设的情景、路径与策略做出战略层面的分析与研讨。最后,提出后2020五年规划编制中加强面向生态文明的合作治理的建议,包括深耕包含模型、加强政府间的合作和整合、加强公私间的界面管理、鼓励公民参与和培育生态文明的新伦理新人格等。     

“十四五”时期污染物总量控制的挑战、需求与应对研究

"十四五"时期是进一步巩固和提升环境质量改善成果、切实改善人民群众生存环境的关键时期。展望"十四五",应从发展的视角看总量控制与环境质量控制所面临的问题与困难,在考虑历史因素的基础上兼顾地区间的公平与效率,切实发挥环境管理对高质量发展的推动作用,迈向"环境质量导向的总量控制"。要落实改进总量控制和质量控制效果的新举措,进一步推动建立环境质量与总量控制的量化联动关系,推动城市—单元—行业的精细化总量控制管理,丰富总量控制要素,强化服务于总量控制的能力建设,建立总量控制目标下公平的环境责任划分制度。     

多排抗滑桩治理工程的有限元设计计算与优化

在现行计算方法中,通常采用不平衡推力法等传统方法设计抗滑桩.尽管国内外岩土工程技术人员通过研究使传统算法取得了较大的进展,但仍有许多不完善的地方,特别对于多排抗滑桩治理工程的设计计算,传统方法更难胜任,而采用有限元强度折减法则能解决这些问题.通过文中工程实例的设计计算可以看出,由于有限元强度折减法可以充分考虑桩—土之间...     

对加快推进我国矿山生态修复的思考

绿色矿山建设是矿业领域践行"绿水青山就是金山银山"的重要体现。本文从矿山生态修复的内涵到外延，从问题识别到任务措施，从单一治理修复目标到生态系统功能修复目标，从矿山生态修复系统到与经济社会发展系统相结合等多个方面，系统地梳理矿山生态修复的解决路径，围绕矿业绿色发展提出一系列建议。     

Cities as leaders in EU multilevel climate governance: embedded upscaling of local experiments in Europe

ABSTRACT

The success of local climate governance in Europe depends not only on leading cities but also on the dynamics between leaders, followers, and laggards. Upscaling local experiments helps to close the gap between these actors. This process is driven by the increasing embeddedness of cities and their networks in EU multilevel governance. Embedded upscaling combines horizontal upscaling between leading cities with vertical upscaling between leaders and followers that is mediated by higher levels of government, and hierarchical upscaling that even reaches the laggards. Various types of upscaling, their combinations, and their impacts are analyzed. Networks have become denser and networking has intensified. City networks and their member cities have become embedded in national and EU governance, lost authority and depend more and more on regional, national, and European authorities.     

Military humanitarian and disaster governance networks in Southeast Asia: framework and analysis

Behind humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HADR) efforts are governance networks of actors working together to facilitate, coordinate, and deliver joint aid and response initiatives. Militaries are key stakeholders in these networks because of their unique capabilities, particularly in Southeast Asia. This paper explores the role of military governance networks in shaping HADR affairs. It presents a framework for examining military-to-military relational structures in humanitarian and disaster contexts using network theory and social network analysis. It also assesses the nature of military ties and their influence on two capability areas essential to humanitarian activities in the region: (i) the distribution of military assets and equipment used in HADR; and (ii) the coordination of HADR exercises and training. This paper seeks to provide insights into how governance network features and properties affect the capacity of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) militaries to use available resources efficiently and to achieve shared objectives in regional disaster response.     

当代中国环境治理的权利观

当代中国环境治理的权利观是指从权利的角度去考察、理解当代中国的环境治理,推进当代中国的生态文明建设事业。从这一角度来看,环境相关权利是当代中国环境治理的基本价值目标,也是重要的治理工具。所谓环境相关权利,是指环境治理有助于保障的环境权、生存权和发展权、生命权和健康权,以及在环境治理中可以运用到的知情、表达、参与、监督等权利。当代中国环境治理的权利观,在理论上符合生态文明建设的以人为本原则,符合国家治理体系和能力现代化的方针和取向,在实践上也能够揭示当代中国生态文明建设和环境治理的基本特征、精神实质和发展方向,既具有阐释性,也具有建构性。     

面向智慧城市的公共安全治理模式研究

针对我国公共安全治理中存在的单一主体、横向协作困难、资源分割等现实问题,基于智慧治理理念,构建面向智慧城市的公共安全治理模式,提出融合、协同、可持续的构建原则,从资源层、组织层和运行层等三个层面构建公共安全智慧治理模式,实现对传统公共安全治理模式的系统性、整体性优化,并从机构设置、职能定位、组织结构、资源配置、运行机制等方面提出具体优化建议,为提升智慧城市公共安全治理效能提供思路。     

A fresh perspective on food safety in Canada: risk communication,public involvement,and the impact of the 2008 listeriosis outbreak

While the listeriosis outbreak of 2008 brought attention to food safety decision making in Canada, little of that attention was placed on public involvement and risk communication. With a primary focus on Health Canada (HC) and the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), this article describes the state of microbial-related public involvement and risk communication undertakings and suggests ways in which improvements can be made. The findings show that public involvement and risk communication activities have been strengthened since the outbreak, but they have become neither dialogical nor highly participatory. HC engages with experts to a far greater extent than with the lay public and it has fallen short in fulfilling its stated commitment to openness and transparency. Furthermore, both HC's and the CFIA's approach to risk communication has been overly general, has failed to provide opportunities for dialogue with vulnerable and more general groups with whom it is communicating and is not rooted in foodborne surveillance data. Public involvement in food safety governance would be improved if HC provided the lay public with a seat on advisory committees and improved its public involvement reporting methods. HC and the CFIA could also make risk communication improvements by creating opportunities for dialogue between officials and the general public, and by exploring alternative risk communication vehicles, such as food labels.     

大气环境科学综合数据采集共享平台建设及应用研究

为实现大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目数据的统一管理和数据共享,基于美国电子政务共享框架（Federal Enterprise Architecture Framework,FEA）方法论和数据中台思想,采用JAVA平台和SOA框架,以大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目科研数据为主,整合全社会大气科学数据资源,面向京津冀、汾渭平原大气污染成因与治理改善分析的核心业务需求,建设集多源异构数据采集、治理、共享、分析、发布于一体的大气环境科学数据采集与共享平台;建立完善的线上数据治理流程,采用多种算法实现大气业务数据集的实时质控;采用分级、分权限的数据共享机制和共享接口动态编辑技术,建立一站式数据枢纽.结果表明:①建立大气科学数据规范分类体系,提供从原始数据、二次数据产品、大气攻关信息发布等多种类型的数据共享服务.②建立海量多源异构综合数据集,包括空气质量、组分、污染源、气象、健康等11类,数据总量4.3 TB,包括7.5亿条数据和66万个文件.③开发交互式GIS服务和线上评估分析工具,实现环境空气质量评估、气象影响分析、组分变化、污染源统计四类主题数据服务.④向大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目各课题组、七省（市）提供多种形式共享,开放104个数据接口,实现21亿条数据、2万份文件、15个专题共享,有力地支撑了大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目的各项研究.