The Impact of Scientific Information on Ecosystem Management: Making Sense of the Contextual Gap Between Information Providers and Decision Makers

Scientific information is not always effectively incorporated into decision-making processes. This phenomenon seems to hold even when the information is aligned with an articulated need, is generated according to sound scientific procedures, and is packaged with end-user preferences in mind. We propose that contextual or cultural differences contribute significantly to the misalignment in communication between those who generate information and those who seek information for improved management of natural resources. The solution is to cultivate shared understanding, which in turn relies on acknowledgment and sharing of diverse values and attitudes. This constitutes a difficult challenge in a culturally diverse environment. Whereas cultural diversity represents wealth in experiences, knowledge and perspectives it can constrain the potential to develop the shared understandings necessary for effective integration of new information. This article illustrates how a lack of shared understanding among participants engaged in a resource-management process can produce and perpetuate divergent views of the world, to the extent that information and knowledge flows are ineffective and scientific information, even when requested, cannot be used effectively. Four themes were distilled from interviews with management and scientific staff of a natural resource–management agency in South Africa. The themes are used to illustrate how divergent views embedded in different cultures can discourage alignment of effort toward a common purpose. The article then presents a sense-making framework to illustrate the potential for developing shared understandings in a culturally diverse world.     

关于排污许可固定污染源全覆盖的实现

随着对排污许可固定污染源全覆盖的理解逐步深化,排污许可在实践中不断深入推进。一是突破"片面覆盖",不再仅仅服务于总量控制和仅适用于部分地区;二是关注点从"排放"转移到"控制",实现污染物"全覆盖",从水、大气扩展到其他污染物;三是关注点从"许可"到"许可制",名录增加了登记管理类别,实现排污单位"全覆盖";四是关注点从"发证"到"监管",实现排污许可要求从纸面到实际的"全覆盖"。     

在数学教学中如何培养学生能力

学生能力的培养是教学活动的中心，本文通过对数学教学过程的总结和分析，就如何培养学生能力问题谈了自己的一些见解，并针对学习能力和理解能力的培养提出了一些措施。     

广西岩溶城市氡气需重新认识

通过对桂林市岩溶城市的氡气测定,发现桂林市土壤氡气是桂林土壤氡背景值的4～10倍,属局部高背景区;岩洞内氡气是国家建筑屋限量的2～4倍,属中度超标。在对比桂林市、贵阳市地区数据基础上得出岩溶城市局部高氡异常是普遍存在的结论,提出广西岩溶城市氡气需要重新认识。     

A novel acidophile community populating waste ore deposits at an acid mine drainage site

Waste ore samples （pH 3.0） were collected at an acid mine drainage （AMD） site in Anhui, China. The present acidophillc microbial community in the waste ore was studied with 16S rRNA gene clone library and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE）. Eighteen different clones were identified and affiliated withActinobacteria, low G ＋ C Gram-positives, Thermomicrobia, Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, candidate division TM7, and Planctomycetes. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed a diversity of acidophiles in the samples that were mostly novel. It is unexpected that the moderately thermophilic acidophiles were abundant in the acidic ecosystem and may play a great role in the generation of AMD. The result of DGGE was consistent with that of clone library analysis. These findings help in the better understanding of the generation mechanism of AMD and in developing a more efficient method to control AMD.     

理解生态文明:从哲学思想到国家发展战略

系统易懂地阐释生态文明概念,对于帮助国际社会清晰地理解和认识中国的生态文明,以及在全球视野下推进生态文明建设至关重要。中国政府提出的生态文明建设已经从过去传统的哲学思想上升为国家的发展战略,是具体的、可理解的、可操作的国家治理概念和术语。理解生态文明建设的要点包括:建设生态文明是中国国家发展总体战略的核心构成,是中国国家治国理念和发展战略的转变,是国家环境与发展转型的整体性战略,其路径是将生态文明融入到经济、政治、社会和文化等领域建设的全过程和各方面,其关键手段和工具是大幅提高经济绿色化程度,其主阵地和根本措施是加强环境保护。     

在数学教学中如何培养学生能力

学生能力的培养是教学活动的中心,本文通过对数学教学过程的总结和分析,就如何培养学生能力问题谈了自己的一些见解,并针对学习能力和理解能力的培养提出了一些措施。     

Public understanding and its effect on recycling performance in Hampshire and Milton Keynes

Improving the recycling rate might be the primary aim of ‘recycling targets’, but good diversion from disposal can be achieved in different ways. Public participation is obviously critical to success; however it is not just how many people participate, but how well they do so, that is important. Analysis of public attitude research gave insight into how effectively recyclers were participating, and examined levels of public understanding. These were correlated with design parameters and publicity and education strategies to try to identify aspects of successful schemes that led to high quality of participation.