亚甲蓝分光光度法测定水中阴离子表面活性剂的探讨

对水中阴离子表面活性剂的测定方法做了一些探讨改进，并用改进方法和目标法分别对已知样和自配样进行了测定比较，结果标准偏差〈1％，效果较好。     

标定低浓度高锰酸钾溶液的方法比较

比较以高锰酸钾本身和邻菲哕啉-Fe^2＋作指示剂，对低浓度高锰酸钾溶液进行标定发现，以邻菲啰啉-Fe^2＋作指示剂的标定，结果更为准确。     

Obtaining Environmental Favourability Functions from Logistic Regression

Logistic regression is a statistical tool widely used for predicting species’ potential distributions starting from presence/absence data and a set of independent variables. However, logistic regression equations compute probability values based not only on the values of the predictor variables but also on the relative proportion of presences and absences in the dataset, which does not adequately describe the environmental favourability for or against species presence. A few strategies have been used to circumvent this, but they usually imply an alteration of the original data or the discarding of potentially valuable information. We propose a way to obtain from logistic regression an environmental favourability function whose results are not affected by an uneven proportion of presences and absences. We tested the method on the distribution of virtual species in an imaginary territory. The favourability models yielded similar values regardless of the variation in the presence/absence ratio. We also illustrate with the example of the Pyrenean desman’s (Galemys pyrenaicus) distribution in Spain. The favourability model yielded more realistic potential distribution maps than the logistic regression model. Favourability values can be regarded as the degree of membership of the fuzzy set of sites whose environmental conditions are favourable to the species, which enables applying the rules of fuzzy logic to distribution modelling. They also allow for direct comparisons between models for species with different presence/absence ratios in the study area. This makes them more useful to estimate the conservation value of areas, to design ecological corridors, or to select appropriate areas for species reintroductions. Received: June 2005 / Revised: July 2005     

二乙氨基二硫代甲酸银光度法与原子荧光法测定水中As的方法比对

二乙氨基二硫代甲酸银光度法和原子荧光法测定水中砷均具有准确度高,精密度好的特点,两种方法的检测结果无显著性差异.     

前后对比分析法在战略环境评价中应用初探

分析战略环境评价基本内涵，提出战略环境评价实施框架，并重点分析了评价战略筛选与评价者确定、战略分析、战略环境影响识另与建立评价指标体系、战略环境影响预测与综合评价以及制定战略环境影响减缓措施等关键问题；初步研究了战略环境评价方法，重点研究前后对比 政策评价方法类型、特点及其在战略环境评价中的应用。最后以长春经济技术开发区战略为例进行实证分析。     

不同处理剂对猪场废水污染物去除效果比较研究

比较了不同处理药剂对猪场废水净化效果，实验表明：化学沉淀法能够较好地去除猪场废水中有机物、磷、重金属、盐分，对氮的去除效果并不理想。投加量为1g·L^-1的FeCl3、聚合硫酸铁、聚合氯化铝、明矾在猪场废水中有较好的絮凝效果，对总磷、悬浮物、CODCr、Cu离子均有很好的去除效果，MgSO4、Mg（OH）2对废水中溶解性总磷也实现了很好的去除效果，氯化钙、硫酸镁、硅土、聚合硫酸铁对废水中Zn有很好的去除效果，而明矾对Zn的去除效果与对Cu的去除效果相反。     

Statistical Estimation and Model Selection of Species-Accumulation Functions

Abstract:  Soberón and Llorente (1993) proposed pure-birth stochastic processes as theoretical models for species-accumulation curves, and these processes have frequently been used to describe the progress of biological inventories. We describe, in algorithmic form, an alternative statistical analysis based on a likelihood approach ( Díaz-Francés & Gorostiza 2002 ) that provides mathematical rigor to the ideas in Soberón and Llorente (1993) and improves the estimation of the models by incorporating the facts that the variance of the error is not constant and that the observations are correlated. Additionally, we used the likelihood ratios between candidate models as an objective procedure for model selection, allowing comparison between the goodness of fit of various models. The software for these statistical methods can now be downloaded off the Internet. We used two examples of butterfly data sets to illustrate the use of the methods and the software.     

电炉烟尘治理方法的选择和经济比较

就电炉炼钢过程产生的烟尘污染特点进行了综述，并就各类方法的技术经济指标进行了比较。     

四川酸性土壤石灰需求量方法的比较研究

四川盆地的部分土壤由于酸性氮肥的大量使用以及雨水的冲刷淋蚀作用而呈现越来越酸化的趋势。故有必要通过化学法确定土壤石灰需求量。该研究的目的是比较SMP—SB、SLP—DB在确定四川酸性土石灰需要量上的准确度。并提出一种全新的确定土壤石灰需要量的方法，即滴定法。在四川盆地8处采样点采集的土壤分别用这3种方法确定石灰需要量。将土壤实际培养所得的石灰用量作为标准方法，再将上述3种方法的测定结果分别与标准法进行线形相关分析，得到与标准曲线之间的线形方程。结果发现3种方法与标准方法之间均成线性相关。在确定石灰需求量上都具有一定的准确度，但相对而言。文章提出的滴定法更准确。更适合确定四川土壤的石灰施用量。     

从环境影响角度分析水泥窑除尘器选型的合理性

从水泥窑大气污染物对环境影响的角度,分析了新型干法水泥回转窑窑尾和窑头除尘器选型的合理性,包括投资、运行成本、对污染物治理和工况的适应性、操作和维修性能、可靠性、稳定性、除尘效率以及非正常排放、污染物排放量、大气环境容量、环境质量标准、气候条件等对环境的影响程度。