Climate Convention Implementation: An Opportunity for the Pacific Island Nations to Move Toward Sustainable Energy Systems

This article does not focus on adaptation or mitigation policy directly but on an allied opportunity that exists for the Pacific Islands via the auspices of the Climate Convention, because the existing very costly energy systems used in the Pacific Island region are fossil-fuel dependent. It is argued here that efforts can be made towards the development of energy systems that are ecologically sustainable because Pacific Island nations are eligible to receive assistance to introduce renewable energy technology and pursue energy conservation via implementation mechanisms of the Climate Convention and, in particular, through transfer of technology and via joint implementation. It is contended that assistance in the form of finance, technology, and human resource development from developed countries and international organizations would provide sustainable benefits in improving the local Pacific Island environments. It is also emphasized that mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions is not the responsibility of the Pacific Islands as they contribute very little on a per capita global scale and a tiny proportion of total global greenhouse gas emissions.     

安全管理职业化与职业安全管理队伍建设

提出了安全管理职业化的概念，并就建立职业安全管理队伍的措施以及安全管理社会化服务问题进行了讨论。     

Why ecosystem management can't work without Social science: An example from the California northern spotted owl controversy

It is increasingly obvious that social science, while not a sufficient condition for making ecosystem management effective, is a necessary condition. A social science typology of ecosystems is developed, applied, and shown to have substantial and unexpected implications for the practice of ecosystem management. Ecologists and environmental scientists, in particular, will find some conclusions uncomfortable. The application involves a case material from the California northern spotted owl controversy.     

Pressures,trends, and impacts in coastal zones: Interactions between socioeconomic and natural systems

This paper assesses the status of coastal zones in the context of expected climate change and its related impacts, as well as current and future socioeconomic pressures and impacts. It is argued that external stresses and shocks relating to sea-level rise and other changes will tend to exacerbate existing environmental pressures and damage in coastal zones. Coastal zones are under increasing stress because of an interrelated set of planning failures including information, economic market, and policy intervention failures. Moves towards integrated coastal zone management are urgently required to guide the coevolution of natural and human systems. Overtly technocentric claims that assessments of vulnerability undertaken to date are overestimates of likely future damages from global warming are premature. While it is the case that forecasts of sea-level rise have been scaled down, much uncertainty remains over, for example, combined storm, sea surge, and other events. In any case, within the socioeconomic analyses of the problem, resource valuations have been at best only partial and have failed to incorporate sensitivity analysis in terms of the discount rates utilized. This would indicate an underestimation of potential damage costs. Overall, a precautionary approach is justified based on the need to act ahead of adequate information acquisition, economically efficient resource pricing and proactive coastal planning.     

气候变化与自然灾害

气候变化与自然灾害是当今科学研究的两大热点，两者之间在一定程度上具有相关性，但目前要确切地定量计算气候变化对自然灾害的强度和出现频率的影响还很困难。本文在分析气候变化与自然灾害关系的基础上，研究了气候变化对我国自然灾害的影响。研究结果显示：１．在千年尺度上，长江流域的大旱和气候变冷成正相关，而长江流域的大涝以及黄河流域的大旱和大涝与气候冷暖过渡期成正相关；２．在百年尽度上，近１０４２年来，共出现２８１次全国性大旱和大涝，平均每百年出现２７次，在地域分布上以南涝北旱为主；３．就百年至千年尺度的气候变化对自然灾害的影响而言，气候冷冷组合期（１３０１～１９００）易发生全国性大涝，而冷暖组合期（９５０～１３００年，１９０１～１９９１年）易发生全国性大旱。总的来说，冷冷组合期的大旱大涝发生频率明显大于暖期，但不同地区有差异；４．在其它影响方面，台风、地震与海啸灾害在冷暖组合期（２０世纪）均有比冷冷组合期（１４和１９世纪）多的趋势。因此，气候变暖将使防灾任务更加艰巨。     

渭河径流特性研究

由于工农业的快速发展,渭河径流逐年减少,污染加重,河道淤积不断发展,洪涝灾害时有发生,对中下游人民生产生活造成严重影响.为了减少洪害,减轻污染,必须保证渭河常年径流稳定.     

生活事件分析法在煤矿企业中的应用

我国煤矿一再的发生事故,绝大部分原因是人为失误.根据人为失误的发生机理,本文提出了生活事件分析方法,并研制了其配套应用程序,对某煤矿企业的人因事故危险性进行了实际评价.该方法可方便地应用于煤矿企业人为事故的预防工作中.     

安全科技英语专业设置的可行性探索与研究

国家十分重视安全生产,安全生产已成为国家“十一五”规划的重要内容之一。如何适应安全科技教育发展的新机遇是安全教育工作者所关注的重要课题。笔者通过调查研究,在分析安全科技英语专业设置的必要性和重要意义的基础上,提出了安全科技英语专业人才的培养模式,构建了安全科技英语专业课程体系的基本框架,并就安全科技英语专业特色进行了研究和探索,指出了安全科技英语专业设置应注意的若干问题。     

2000—2004年《中国安全科学学报》引文分析与研究

笔者根据文献计量学引文统计分析理论和方法,以《中国安全科学学报》为调查对象,统计了该刊2000—2004年5年间的载文量、引文数量、引用文献类型、引文语种、自引数量及年代分布等,对其统计结果进行汇总并计算出各项指标数值,各项统计结果为引文率为97.5%、篇均引文5.1条、期刊论文引用率45.1%、图书文献引用率41.4%,中文文献引用率86%,英文文献引用率13%,普赖斯指数是53.80%,自引率为6.49%。通过对各项统计结果的定量分析,对于《中国安全科学学报》的办刊质量、学术权威性及安全科技人员利用科技文献的规律及图书情报部门在安全科技文献资源建设等方面提出了一些看法。     

构思“安全学”

以辩证唯物主义为主线 ,对“安全学”的内涵 ,从安全科学的学科体系、构成、安全学的地位和作用 ,安全的自然属性与社会属性 ,世界观、人生观、价值观与安全观 ,安全哲学、安全哲理与安全方法 ,原始安全动力学、安全系统的灰色特征以及安全系统的非线性等主要方面进行了构思 ,以图搭起“安全学”的顶层结构 ,为撰写“安全学”打下基础。