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91.
An Empirical Evaluation of Private Landowner Participation in Voluntary Forest Conservation Programs
The use of voluntary programs targeting resource conservation on private land has become increasingly prevalent in environmental
policy. Voluntary programs potentially offer significant benefits over regulatory and market-based approaches. This article
examines the factors affecting landowner participation in voluntary forest conservation programs using a combination of parcel-level
GIS and remotely sensed data and semi-structured interviews of landowners in Monroe County, Indiana. A logistic regression
model is applied to determine the probability of participation based on landowner education, membership in other non-forest
voluntary programs, dominant land use activity, parcel size, distance from urban center, land resource portfolios, and forest
cover. Both land use activity and the spatial configuration of a landholder’s resource portfolio are found to be statistically
significant with important implications for the design and implementation of voluntary programs.
相似文献
Derek KauneckisEmail: |
92.
Linking GIS-based models to value ecosystem services in an Alpine region 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11
Planning frequently fails to include the valuation of public goods and services. This can have long-term negative economic consequences for a region. This is especially the case in mountainous regions such as the Alps, which depend on tourism and where land-use changes can negatively impact key ecosystem services and hence the economy. In this study, we develop a semi-automatic procedure to value ecosystem goods and services. Several existing process-based models linked to economic valuation methods are integrated into a geographic information system (GIS) platform. The model requires the input of a digital elevation model, a land-cover map, and a spatially explicit temperature dataset. These datasets are available for most regions in Europe. We illustrate the approach by valuing four ecosystem services: avalanche protection, timber production, scenic beauty, and habitat, which are supplied by the “Landschaft Davos”, an administrative district in the Swiss Alps. We compare the impacts of a human development scenario and a climate scenario on the value of these ecosystem services. Urban expansion and tourist infrastructure developments have a negative impact on scenic beauty and habitats. These impacts outweigh the benefits of the developments in the long-term. Forest expansion, predictable under a climate change scenario, favours natural avalanche protection and habitats. In general, such non-marketed benefits provided by the case-study region more than compensate for the costs of forest maintenance. Finally, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the approach. Despite its limitations, we show how this approach could well help decision-makers balance the impacts of different planning options on the economic accounting of a region, and guide them in selecting sustainable and economically feasible development strategies. 相似文献
93.
Historical land-use practices have caused forest loss in Cambodia’s Tonle Sap Lake area (TSLA), the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia. However, it remains unclear if this deforestation trend had continued since 2001 when the land was designated as protected areas. Using satellite imagery, we investigated forest conversion flows and fragmentation patterns in the TSLA for 1992–2001, 2001–2010, and 2010–2019, respectively. Results show substantial forest losses and fragmentations occurring at the lower floodplain where the protected areas are located until 2010, with some forest regain during 2010–2019. The land conversions indicated that forest clearing and agricultural farming were the primary causes for observed extensive forest loss during 1992–2010. Hence, despite the creating of protected areas in 2001, our findings reveal the persistence of alarming forest loss in the TSLA until 2010. On the other hand, while net forest loss has stopped after 2010, forest regain during 2010–2019 is way too small to restore the region’s total forest area to even the level when the protected areas were established. Thus, more effective planning and implementations of forest management and restoration policies are needed for the TSLA.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13280-022-01704-4. 相似文献
94.
《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2014,92(4):368-376
In Dutch external safety policy, the acceptance of risk for the population in areas surrounding hazardous substances establishments is based on a limit value for individual risk (IR). Additionally, changes to societal risk (SR) must be justified. A specific software program (SAFETI-NL) with the associated Reference Manual Bevi Risk Assessments (RIVM, 2009) is legally required for the calculation of IR and SR. This prescribed “Bevi calculation method” forms the basis for decisions with important consequences for industry, land use planning and the protection of citizens. It is important that the outcome of calculations made with the prescribed method can be relied upon when making decisions about land use planning that affects both industry and population. This is the subject of this paper.The prescribed calculation method has been evaluated by performing a case study. The evaluation focussed on risk modelling of a Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapour Explosion (BLEVE) at an LPG filling station, an incident type that plays a significant role in Dutch external safety. The risk modelling of the BLEVE with the prescribed calculation method was found to have a number of serious deficiencies. It is concluded that the prescribed calculation method yields no reliable perspective on the safety of production, use and storage of hazardous substances, nor of possibilities to increase safety.Decision making should not only depend on quantification of IR and SR. Improving the safety-relevance of the prescribed calculation method requires an increase of the number of dimensions of the outcome of risk calculations in order to make feedback possible. It is recommended to incorporate additional, safety-relevant information into planning and decision-making processes. It is envisaged that a more far-reaching change of Dutch QRA practice is needed (medium to long term). In this context, a number of interesting elements have been noticed in decision-making procedures in other EU Member States. 相似文献
95.
There is a general lack of understanding of wetland processes and a general paucity of scientific research to predict the
effects of development on wetland boundary. This paper presents the results of a survey of wetland managers as to how they
delineate wetland boundaries, define compatible land uses, and restrict land uses adjacent to wetland boundaries. A major
finding from the survey is that 75% of land-use planners and wetland managers failed to identify any compatible land use or
restricted land use for development proposals that may affect provincially significant wetlands. The government agencies overwhelmingly
lack adequate methodologies and/or criteria to delineate and protect wetland boundaries. The paper closes with a plea to consider
dynamic hydrological factors in land-use planning. 相似文献
96.
Agriculture adjustment, land-use transition and protected areas in Northwestern Argentina 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Land-use change is the main component of regional environmental change, while protected areas represent a direct land use policy to prevent its potentially negative effects on biodiversity and environmental services. We combined an analysis of trends in land use and human demography with trends in creation of protected areas during the last three decades in northwestern Argentina, a subtropical region including a wide range of environments. The eighty nine administrative analysis units of the region were classified into four ecological groups based on their percentage of cover by the six eco-regions of the study area: (1) "Dry valleys"; dominated by Middle-elevation deserts; (2) "Highlands", dominated by High-elevation alpine zones and plateaus; (3) "Humid ecosystems", dominated by Foggy grasslands and Humid forests, and (4) "Dry forests". Between 1970 and 2002, human population became concentrated in urban areas and land use trends varied greatly among the four ecological groups. Agricultural area decreased in the Highlands and increased in the other regions, particularly in the Dry forests. Domestic animals decreased in Humid ecosystems, Highlands and the Dry valleys; and remained constant in the Dry forests. Several protected areas were created, but most of them were established in regions undergoing a decreasing intensity of land use. Overall, the analysis shows that agricultural production is becoming concentrated in the areas more suitable for modern agriculture while marginal agriculture areas and, particularly, extensive grazing are decreasing. The creation of protected areas reflects the decreasing opportunity costs of marginal areas and is failing to protect the eco-regions most threatened by current land-use trends. 相似文献
97.
98.
Hydroclimatic changes and drivers in the Sava River Catchment and comparison with Swedish catchments
In this study, we investigate long-term hydroclimatic changes and their possible relation to regional changes in climate, land-use and water-use over the twentieth century in the transboundary Sava River Catchment (SRC) in South Eastern Europe. In a hydropower dominated part of the SRC, unlike in an unregulated part, we find increase in average annual evapotranspiration and decrease in temporal runoff variability, which are not readily explainable by observed concurrent climate change in temperature and precipitation and may be more related to landscape-internal change drivers. Among the latter investigated here, results indicate hydropower developments as most closely related to the found hydroclimatic shifts, consistent with previous such indications in studies of Swedish hydropower catchments. Overall, the present results have quantitatively framed the recent history and present state of hydroclimate in the SRC, of relevance for water resources in several countries and for a majority of their populations. This provides a useful basis for further assessment of possible future hydroclimatic changes, under different scenarios of climate change and land/water-use developments in the region.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13280-015-0641-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献99.
Wenzhong Tang Liu Sun Limin Shu Chuang Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(6):104
100.
We investigated whether fish assemblage structure in southern Appalachian streams differed with historical and contemporary
forest cover. We compared fish assemblages in 2nd–4th order streams draining watersheds that had increased forest cover between 1950 and 1993 (i.e., reforesting watersheds). We sampled fish in 50 m reaches during August 2001 and calculated catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE)
by taxonomic, distributional, trophic, reproductive, and thermal metrics. We assigned streams to reforestation categories
based on cluster analysis of years 1950 and 1993 near-stream forest cover. The relationship between forest cover and assemblage
structure was assessed using analysis of variance to identify differences in fish CPUE in five forest cover categories. Streams
contained 23 fish species representing six families, and taxa richness ranged from 1 to 13 at 30 stream sites. Streams with
relatively low near-stream forest cover were different from streams having moderate to high near-stream forest cover in 1950
and 1993. Fish assemblages in streams having the lowest amount of forest cover (53–75%) were characterized by higher cosmopolitan,
brood hider, detritivore/herbivore, intermediate habitat breadths, run-pool dweller, and warm water tolerant fish CPUE compared
to streams with higher riparian forest cover. Our results suggest that fish assemblage’s structural and functional diversity
and/or richness may be lower in streams having lower recent or past riparian forest cover compared to assemblages in streams
having a high degree of near-stream forest cover. 相似文献