陈垃圾特性分析及其适用性评价

对深圳市盐田区垃圾场处置工程陈垃圾特性进行了分析，结果表明，场内陈垃圾已基本腐熟，相对附近农田土壤，陈垃圾中的营养物质较高，接近但尚未完全达到农用垃圾肥标准，且铅含量超标２～３ 倍，不宜进入食物链。但陈垃圾可用作市区绿化地带、公园、苗圃、林业等处的有机肥和垃圾填埋场封场工程的表层营养土     

垃圾填埋场垃圾堆体压实机理研究

通过填埋场现场运行实验，对生活垃圾在填埋场中的压实机理进行了研究，实验结果表明，压力是决定压实效果的最重要的外在因素，垃圾在外力下的形变大体可分为三个阶段：垃圾组分之间的大空隙被填没，垃圾体不可逆蠕变，垃圾体的范性变形；决定压实效果的内在因素有垃圾组分、垃圾含水率等。另外，作业过程中垃圾堆体的摊铺厚度、机械行程次数、行驶速度和坡向及坡度等也是影响垃圾堆体压实效果的重要因素。     

厌氧折流板反应器处理垃圾渗滤液的试验研究

试验所用废水取自于已经封场多年的广州市大田山垃圾填埋场的渗滤液,其方法是对比原有的ABR工艺与在原有的ABR工艺中加入生物接触氧化池进行可行性试验研究,以求达到更好的处理效果.研究结果表明,组合新工艺可使进水的CODCr去除41%,NH3-N去除17%,比原有单一工艺的处理效果好,从而减少了后续工艺的处理负荷.     

混凝-折流式反应器对垃圾渗滤液处理的试验研究

采用混凝、三组水解池和好氧生物滤池串连组成的折流式反应器(BR)联合工艺,对处理芜湖市南郊垃圾填埋场产生的渗滤液进行了试验研究,确定了混凝剂的最佳投加量、最佳碱化脱氮pH等工艺参数.试验结果表明,经过水解反应器(HUSB)反复对垃圾渗滤液进行水解酸化后,能逐步提高废水的BOD5/COD(B/C)(约0.2～0.4),大大提高了好氧生物滤池的COD容积负荷,出水COD平均《400 mg/L,NH3-N平均《30 mg/L.     

垃圾填埋渗滤液的处理方法与实验研究

介绍了城市垃圾填埋场渗滤液的特点及处理技术 ,并结合沈阳市实际进行实验研究     

The UK landfill tax and the landfill tax credit scheme: operational weaknesses

The UK Landfill Tax and the related Landfill Tax Credit Scheme have now been in operation since October 1996. There have been a number of reviews to assess its operation and effectiveness that have led to some minor amendments. However, there continue to be concerns about operational weaknesses of the tax and the credit scheme. In particular, there is the risk that the tax may be evaded and there are fears that a lack of transparency and independence may undermine the fundamental principles of the Landfill Tax Credit Scheme. Following a recent report, the Secretary of State for the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions has set up an inquiry. This paper looks at some of the specific concerns that have been raised and the implications for waste management.     

The impact of the European landfill directive on waste management in the United Kingdom

The European Union Landfill Directive calls on member states to reduce the amount of biodegradable municipal solid waste disposed of to landfill. In addition, national waste strategies will require the constituent parts of the United Kingdom to achieve increased household waste recycling and recovery rates. Both these measures will require the development of the infrastructure to support national high-intensity recycling and composting schemes and the construction of at least 35 new municipal waste to energy incinerators. Before plans can be developed for meeting the targets several areas relating to municipal solid waste need to be clarified. Depending on the definition of municipal solid waste, its composition and likely future growth rates the number of incinerators required could be up to 170.     

工业固废填埋场边坡防渗层环境安全分析

考虑了固废沉降的力学作用及坡角平台的影响机理,建立了尾矿渣、防渗膜及垫层相互作用的力学简化模型,应用平衡微分方程,结合边界条件,得到了防渗膜拉应力与位移的解析解及膜内最大拉力计算公式。最后,结合工程设计分析研究了重要参数对膜完整性的影响,并提出了相关解决机制。从力学机理上指导填埋场边坡防渗设计,具有很高的工程实际应用价值。     

中国东南部地区城市垃圾填埋场的环境岩土工程问题及其对策(英文)

东南部是中国经济最发达和人口密度最高的地区之一,因此城市垃圾堆放和处理已成为日益迫切的社会问题。对于一个发展中的国家,卫生填埋是城市垃圾处置的主要途径。本文首先回顾了中国城市垃圾卫生填埋处理的4个阶段;对比了城市垃圾卫生填埋、焚烧、堆肥3种处理方法的费用;提供了中国东南部地区城市垃圾的组成、增长和处理的相关数据;根据垃圾填埋场的地貌特征、地质环境和地质结构,对我国东南部地区城市垃圾卫生填埋场进行了分类,即丘陵型、平原型、滨海或河滨型和矿山型4类,并对这4类垃圾卫生填埋场的主要环境岩土工程问题进行了分析和探讨,最后对这些问题提出了相应的对策和今后的工作内容。     

Achieving nitritation at low temperatures using free ammonia inhibition on Nitrobacter and real-time control in an SBR treating landfill leachate

Free ammonia(FA) inhibition on nitrite-oxidized bacteria(NOB) and real-time control are used to achieve nitrogen removal from landfill leachate via nitrite pathway at low temperatures in sequencing batch reactor. The inhibition of FA on NOB activity during the aerobic period was prolonged using real-time control. The degree of nitrite accumulation was monitored along with variations of the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and NOB population using fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques. It is demonstrated that the end-point of ammonia oxidization is detected from the on-line measured dissolved oxygen,oxidization–reduction potential, and p H signals, which could avoid the loss the FA inhibition on NOB caused by excess aeration. At low temperature(13.0–17.6°C), the level of nitrite pathway rapidly increased from 19.8% to 90%, suggesting that nitritation was successfully started up at low temperature by applying syntrophic association of the FA inhibition and real-time control, and then this high level of nitrite pathway was stably maintained for as long as 233 days. Mechanism analysis shows that the establishment of nitritation was primarily the result of predominant ammonia-oxidizing bacteria developed in the nitrifying bacteria population compared to NOB. This was mainly due to a gradual reduction of nitrite amount that is available to provide energy for the growth of NOB,eventually leading to the elimination of NOB from the bacterial clusters in sequencing batch reactor sludge system.