三台核桃开花的生物学特性

本文观察了三台核桃芽的特性、开花物候期、开花习性、花期分析、落花情况等生物学特性。     

进口物品固体废物属性鉴别探讨

随着我国经济持续快速发展，各种生产资源需求日益旺盛，在优惠政策的支持下，国外固体废物原料不断进入我国市场，一定程度上弥补了我国生产资源的不足，促进了循环经济的发展。但进口固体废物原料必须符合我国法律规定。我国对固体废物进口的管理非常严格，进口固体废物的管理需要海关、环保、工商、检验检疫等多个部门的密切合作。实际当中，对某些进口物品的固体废物属性需要通过专门的鉴别才能确认，结合一个进口“铅矿砂”的实例，对该物品的固体废物属性进行探讨，提出物品固体废物属性鉴别的基本流程。     

长江口及邻近水域油污染分布特征

根据2 0 0 0～2 0 0 3年春夏季长江口及邻近海域海水及沉积物中油类的调查结果,分析海域油污染的分布特征,采用单项指数法评估调查海域的油污染程度。结果表明,调查水域海水中油含量分布范围为0 .0 11～0 .3 8mg/L ,平均含量为0 .0 89mg/L ;其中春季平均含量为0 .0 90mg/L ,夏季平均含量0 .0 79mg /L ;主要污染区域位于长江口近岸及舟山、大衢山等岛屿附近。2 0 0 3年沉积物油类年平均含量为92 .94×10 - 6 ,其中春季平均含量为86.85×10 - 6 ,夏季为95 .2 0×10 - 6 m ,长江河口水域平均含量最高。水体中油含量和沉积物总油含量之间不存在镜像关系。以《渔业水质标准》和《海洋沉积物质量》一类标准计算,调查区域水体单项指数大多高于1,平均值为1.73 ;沉积物单项指数都小于1,平均为0 .19;无论水体还是沉积物,均以长江河口水域的污染最为严重。     

黄土丘陵区土壤水分空间分布差异性探讨

在对黄土丘陵区典型区域多点土壤水分调查数据的分析的基础上,系统总结了研究区土壤水分分布的区域性和地块性差异特征及其发生分异的主要因子。文章认为,降水格局是土壤水分具有南、北向逐渐增加的区域分布特征的主导因子。热量、地貌、植被等的不同组合使得土壤水分发生地块尺度的分异。地域尺度土壤水分表现为南部好于中部,中部好于北部。在地块尺度内,则由于地貌、植被、土地类型等因素,土壤水分一般表现为:坡下部>坡中部>坡上部;阴坡>半阴-半阳坡>阳坡;隔坡梯田好于梯田;植被不同会造成土壤水分利用型差异。由于影响土壤水分的因素之间存在复杂的关系,其分布的差异性随季节、土壤层深度等不同而在表现程度上具有差异性。这一研究对黄土丘陵区植被恢复中合理利用土壤水资源具有十分重要意义。     

用于流化床反应器的生物膜载体的比较研究

分别采用活性炭、橡胶和轻质陶粒作为生物膜载体,用流化床生物反应器进行废水处理的实验,比较3种载体材料的挂膜特性、耐磨性,并比较了对废水COD和NH3-N的去除效果。从实验中发现,活性炭具有吸附力强、比重小、挂膜时间比较短等特点,但耐磨性较差;橡胶载体具有比重较小,动力消耗较小的特点,但生物膜挂膜时间较长;陶粒比重适中,较其它两者偏大,挂膜时间最短,耐磨性能比活性炭要好,具有较强的实用价值和很大的研究潜力。     

地理信息系统（GIS）在景观生态研究中的作用

论述了地理信息系统在景观生态学研究中的作用，这些作用包括如下６个方面：为有效地贮存和管理大范围的生态学数据提供数据库存结构，支持多尺度之间的数值的合并和分离，实现研究地点和环境敏感的空间定位，支持空间统计分析，支持遥感分析；提出生态系统模型的数值或参数的输入和输出。     

矿业城市浅层地下水污染机制研究

分析了不同来源的污染物对矿业城市浅层地下水的污染机制，重点阐述淮南市区浅层地下水的主要污染源及其分布形状、主要污染物及其性状特征。     

江苏省徐淮地区的景观生态问题与对策

在对江苏省徐淮地区景观生态分类与制图研究的基础上，分析了该地区稀疏植被景观，常绿针叶林景观，落叶阔叶林景观，旱地作物景观，水旱轮作景观，湖泊景观等主要景观型的生态２问题，并提出了相应的生态对策。     

Ski slope vegetation in central Honshu,Japan

To determine the status of the vegetation of ski slopes in northeastern-central Honshu, Japan, 94 plots (2×2 m) were set up on five ski areas (101–520 m elevation) which were established between 1945 and 1985 by forest clear-cutting, land modification, and seeding. Six vegetation types were recognized: five grasslands dominated byDigitaria adscendens, Miscanthus sinensis, Zoysia japonica, Festuca rubra, andPteridium aquilinum var.latiusculum, respectively, and bare areas of very low to no vegetation cover. Of the dominant species,F. rubra is the only introduced species; it does not, however, appear to persist. After the introduced grassland declinesM. sinensis or annual grasslands develop. Native plants, especially woody species, can establish inM. sinensis grassland but do not establish in the other grasslands. It is concluded that the introduction of exotic species is inappropriate to maintain ski slope vegetation, and the development ofM. sinensis grassland is desirable to promote natural revegetation.     

Opportunities and constraints for development and conservation: Teller County/Woodland Park growth management plan

This is the second of three articles prepared to explain the Teller County growth management process. As part of an ongoing growth management process in Teller County, Colorado, opportunities and constraints for development and conservation were identified. The scenic mountain county faces a number of issues because of growth. The recognition of those issues has resulted in the goal to direct future growth to the most appropriate and cost-effective places. To determine those places that are best for new development, thorough ecological inventories were conducted for the entire county as well as for the City of Woodland Park area. From these inventories, environmentally sensitive areas were identified. The environmentally sensitive areas were considered constraints in conducting suitability analyses for a variety of potential land uses. The suitability analyses resulted in the identification of opportunities for future growth in Teller County generally as well as the more specific Woodland Park planning area. This article, like the other two, is part of a reflective analysis by the planners who were involved. Paper 2 in a series 3.