A Minimal Model of Adiabatic Isotherms Surfacing in Very Shallow Waters

Based on a phenomenology that is rather frequent in the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea), we analytically model the short time evolution of the temperature field inside a shallow layer of coastal water induced by a sudden offshore wind. In particular, we reproduce in a very simple way the unsteady surfacing of the isotherms forced by the marine current circulating in a vertical plane perpendicular to the coastline. The model is in agreement with the observations of a significant event recorded on 25 June, 2002 in the Gulf of Trieste.     

Renewable resources in an endogenously growing economy: balanced growth and transitional dynamics

We introduce a renewable resource sector into an endogenous growth model of a small economy, deriving the transitional dynamic equilibrium. The model generates a long-run equilibrium in which a resource sector of limited size can coexist with constant ongoing growth elsewhere. The key feature of the model is the allocation of labor between harvesting the resource and its use in the final output sector. This naturally generates the empirically observed negative relationship between resource abundance and growth. We examine both the dynamic and long-run responses of the economy to various shocks pertaining to technological production conditions and resource sector parameters.     

Application of machine learning methods to palaeoecological data

A palaeoecological study was conducted to investigate past environmental conditions and vegetation dynamics around the southwestern Ljubljana Moor. In order to find potential regularities and/or dependencies among co-existent plant species through time, different machine learning methods were applied to pollen records from the cores taken at Bistra and Ho?evarica. The data comprised relative pollen frequencies of the most common plant genera/families at particular core depths that correspond to particular ages in the Early and Mid Holocene periods. The applied methods include equation discovery and hierarchical clustering. Both methods have found plausible and explainable relationships among identified plant genera/families.     

混沌在种群动态中的应用

通过对种群数量变化模型和空间格局的分析，结合不稳定系统动力学的混沌现象，对种群动态中存在的混沌进行了粗略的探讨．认为CSR三角形中的S-对策者具有混沌的特点．由于生态场中因子具有混沌性质，及其相互作用过程中的不稳定系统动力学的影响，种群也具有混沌特点．     

People and biodiversity in the 21st century: This article belongs to Ambio’s 50th Anniversary Collection. Theme: Biodiversity conservation

Fifty years have elapsed since the first publication of Ambio. Throughout this period, fundamental changes have occurred in societal attitudes to biodiversity conservation. Ambio has published numerous papers that have aligned with these new approaches. High citations numbers suggest that Ambio papers have had a significant impact on conservation strategies. We review these publications and find that they align well with changed societal perspectives on biodiversity. Ambio papers have called for greater contributions of local and indigenous peoples and for conservation in multi-functional landscapes. The 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity built on these principles. Negotiations are now underway for a post-2020 framework for biodiversity. Ambio papers have argued for a stronger scientific basis for conservation and for the need to adapt to changing conditions and to the rich diversity of societal preferences for conservation. International processes favor simple, generalizable approaches to conservation but we call for recognition of the diversity of ecological and human conditions in which conservation occurs. There is a need to build capacity to support a diversity of conservation approaches that are adapted to changing local conditions and to the priorities of diverse human societies.     

地铁电气火灾中机械方面影响因子系统动力学仿真分析

在揭示地铁电气火灾机械方面影响因子的基础之上,运用系统动力学理论与分析 方法,构建地铁电气火灾机械方面影响因子仿真模型,对各影响因子进行动态预测。通 过对比分析不同因子的安全投入增长率对机械方面安全水平的影响大小,论证安全投入 与系统安全水平的相互关系,总结出最为有效地投资方案。结果为地铁安全管理工作提 供一定的理论指导,有助于提高地铁安全管理决策的科学性和预见性。     

CFD模拟用于电催化反应器电极结构及进水方式的优化

为优化电催化反应器内不同构型的电极结构及进水方式,利用计算流体力学(CFD),模拟反应器内部流体分布并对利用极限电流密度法模拟结果进行实验验证。结果表明：切向进水时,反应器内的传质性能最佳,当进流速为0 m·s⁻¹时,其极限电流为侧面进水和的底部进水1.34倍和1.21倍;当增大进水流速至0.062 m·s⁻¹时,切向进水的极限电流为静止时的1.49倍,切向进水传质增强系数γ为1.475,高于底部进水(1.428)及侧面进水(1.317)方式。网状的电极结构及切向进水有利于反应器内及电极表面的均匀的速度分布,进而提高反应过程中溶液分布的一致性及空间利用率;增大进水流速可以有效地提高反应器的极限电流和传质性能。上述研究结果可为电催化反应器的设计提供一定的参考。     

Developing a simplified river landscape assessment model: Examples from the Chungkang and Touchien rivers, Taiwan

Currently, river landscape evaluations cannot be conducted by the general public, due to their lack of professional training. However, consulting professionals is time consuming and costly. The research conducted addresses both problems by (1) developing suitable criteria for assessing river environments, and (2) formulating a strategy for using the proposed criteria, thereby creating an effective method for river management by non-professionals. This research was carried out, in accordance with Visual Resource Management theory, at 12 survey sites along the ChungKang River. The landscape quality sequences acquired were then evaluated using a revised and simplified assessment model. The same process was repeated on the Touchien River to verify its feasibility. This research developed both specific criteria as well a method for evaluating river landscapes, which can be employed by non-professional river project managers. Ultimately, the aim of this research is to develop and promote sustainable river resource management.     

Temporal Changes in Forest Landscape Patterns in Artvin Forest Planning Unit, Turkey

Understanding the historical dynamics, composition, and environmental disturbances of forest landscapes provides a context for monitoring changes, describing trends, and establishing reference conditions. This study analyses the temporal changes in forest ecosystem structure in Artvin Forest Planning Unit (AFPU), Turkey, during 1972–2002 period based on digitized forest stand type maps using geographic information system (GIS) and interpretation of satellite data. The results showed that there was a net decrease of 450 ha in total forested areas between 1972 and 2002. Forest ecosystem structure changed over time depending on a few factors such as demographic movements, insect outbreaks, dam and road construction, unregulated management actions, and social pressure. In conclusion, temporal changes and the factors affecting these changes should be determined for sustainable management of natural resources.