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541.
A. Begossi 《Regional Environmental Change》2001,2(1):1-12
This study analyzes the fishing areas or spots used by artisanal fishers of the Atlantic Forest coast. Fishers include inhabitants
of islands of the SE Atlantic Forest in Brazil. Data on fish landings were collected for different islands, in 1986 and 1989–1990,
for species caught, technology used and fishing time. Fishing spots were marked or rechecked using GPS in 1997–1999. Fishing
is performed in paddled, motorized canoes or in small boats with set gillnets or hook and line. Marine animals caught vary
from place to place and include fish, shrimp, squid and crab. Spots used are very stable in time, since they did not change
for about 10 years. Among other factors, technology limits the range of access of the fishers to the spots. An informal division
of fishing areas or spots is observed, based on the locality of residence of the fishers. The mapping and observed division
of fishing spots may be used in local management, helping to control the intrusion of industrial fishers in artisanal areas.
Local rules and discrimination of spot users may be helpful for artisanal fishers, especially in areas where conflicts with
trawlers occur. The observed long-term stability of the use of fishing spots by artisanal fishers and conflicts with other
users indicate the urgency of considering local rules for conservation purposes in Atlantic Forest coastal areas.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
542.
E. A. Platonova 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2001,32(6):375-381
The distribution of tree species in the landscape was studied using the approach based on the comparison of the ecological requirements of species and the properties of ecotopes distinguished by their position in the relief and peculiarities of basement rocks. The types and specificity of ecological regimes were determined for the typical ecotopes of the southern Karelian ridge landscape. The main environmental and successional factors determining the distribution of seven forest-forming tree species in the ecotopes of this landscape were identified. The results of this work can provide a basis for the prognosis of forest vegetation in the landscape studied. 相似文献
543.
The state of gonads was analyzed in sea urchins Strongylocentrotus intermediuscollected in Amur Bay (Peter the Great Bay, the Sea of Japan) in August 1984, 1985, 1989, and 1997 at five stations: Skrebtsov Island (1), Sportivnaya Harbor (2), Cape Tokarevskii (3), Alekseev Bay on Popov Island (4), and Verkhovskii Islands (5). The first three stations were in the polluted inshore zone of Vladivostok; stations 4 and 5 were in the open (insular) part of the bay, remote from the main sources of pollution. The state of gonads of sea urchins collected in different years and areas strongly varied with respect to gonad index (GI), gonad maturity index, and indices of pathological changes in gonads. As compared with the data obtained in 1984, 1985, and 1989, the values of GI increased in sea urchins from stations 1–3 and decreased in sea urchins from stations 4 and 5. Although GI values were high, the indices of gonad maturity in animals from the coastal zone were very low. In general gonad maturity in sea urchins from the Amur Bay was lower in 1997 than in the previous years. The correlation analysis of long-term data revealed no positive correlation between the values of GI and gonad maturity index in sea urchins from stations 1–4. Histopathological changes were more serious in sea urchins from stations 1–3. In 1997, the indices of pathological changes in the gonads of sea urchins from the insular zone (stations 4 and 5) were higher than in the previous period (1984–1989). The influence of various ecological factors—temperature, salinity, environmental pollution, and food supply—on gametogenesis in sea urchins is discussed. 相似文献
544.
国外生态工业研究概况 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
生态工业园是人类探索经济发展新途径的产物,它可使社会经济,环境和人类的需求三之间达到平衡,是工业生态学的一个重要研究领域。本对丹麦卡隆堡工业共生体,生态工园的定义,生态工业的发展模式,国外一些生态工业园的特征及研究情况等作了简要的介绍。 相似文献
545.
初论新疆环境域类型特征及对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在进行环境保护时,首先必须对环境进行域类型划分,然后对划分的环境域特征以及它们之间的相互制约、影响的关系进行研究,并确定对不同的环境域采用不同的措施和对策,以达到环境保护的目的。本文初次对新疆的环境域进行了划分,在此基础上,对其特征及其相互关系进行了初步研究,最后提出了防治和保护不同环境域的措施及对策。 相似文献
546.
Joan Iverson Nassauer Sandra E. Kosek Robert C. Corry 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2001,37(6):1439-1443
ABSTRACT: Appearances matter for managing riparian landscapes because the appearance of landscapes affects public willingness to accept plans and designs that improve ecological quality. Riparian landscape design and planning should respect and strategically incorporate characteristics that the public values and expects to see. Such design can be quite novel in its ecological effects, but it also should be sufficiently familiar in appearance to correspond with cultural values. This paper describes some influential cultural values for riparian landscapes and demonstrates how attention to such values supports public acceptance of ecologically innovative design in rural and urban watersheds. 相似文献
547.
548.
Glen D. Johnson 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》2008,15(3):293-311
Infectious disease surveillance has become an international top priority due to the perceived risk of bioterrorism. This is
driving the improvement of real-time geo-spatial surveillance systems for monitoring disease indicators, which is expected
to have many benefits beyond detecting a bioterror event. West Nile Virus surveillance in New York State (USA) is highlighted
as a working system that uses dead American Crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) to prospectively indicate viral activity prior to human onset. A cross-disciplinary review is then presented to argue that
this system, and infectious disease surveillance in general, can be improved by complementing spatial cluster detection of
an outcome variable with predictive “risk mapping” that incorporates spatiotemporal data on the environment, climate and human
population through the flexible class of generalized linear mixed models.
相似文献
Glen D. JohnsonEmail: |
549.
景观生态学及熵模型在荒漠化监测与评价中的应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
在对景观生态学和"熵"的概念及其特征进行分析的基础上,以承德市北部荒漠化地区为例,重点讨论了景观生态学中优势度指数、均匀度指数以及热力学中熵模型在荒漠化土地动态变化及评价中的应用.根据2001年8月31日Landsat卫星遥感TM数据,结合现场调查,通过景观熵值、植被覆盖度等指标综合评判,对研究样地荒漠化程度进行划分.结果表明:通过熵模型计算荒漠化景观系统的熵值,可以判断荒漠化景观发展趋势,也可以比较不同荒漠化景观的荒漠化程度.经过综合指标分析,判定丰宁县小坝乡属于重度荒漠化地区,围场县御道口属于中度荒漠化地区,该结论与实际相符合. 相似文献
550.