职业卫生监管工作实践探讨

职业卫生工作是安全生产工作的重要组成部分,是政府履行社会管理和市场监管职能的一项重要任务。做好职业卫生监管工作,对做好安全生产,维护社会稳定,促进经济社会全面发展,构建和谐社会具有十分重要的意义。本文总结了实践中的工作经验,提出了目前我国职业卫生监管工作的难点,如存在认识不足,重视不够、主体责任不落实、可操作性法规滞后、监管体制不顺等难点。根据这些难点,有针对性的提出了开展职业卫生监管工作的方法和途径,并对进一步改善和加强我国的职业卫生监管工作提出了建议。     

旅行成本法在我国应用中存在的几个问题

我国旅行成本法案例研究多数未分清旅行成本与旅游目的地本身价格的关系,推导的游憩需求曲线是旅行成本-旅游人次模型,而不是旅游目的地本身的价格-旅游人次需求曲线。文章具体说明了区域旅行成本法的基本原理及操作方法,并用乔光华文章数据重新对达里诺尔国家级自然保护区游憩价值进行计算,对旅行成本的构成等问题进行了讨论,得出其消费者剩余为0.9221×108元a/,比原研究中的0.0937×108元a/高出近10倍。认为乔光华等的研究在推断游憩需求曲线时存在方法上的问题,直接将旅行成本和时间价值作为游憩价值不符合旅行成本法的基本原理和公共物品无(或低)市场价格的经济理论。还对调整后的旅行成本数据进行了计算,得到保护区游憩价值为1.3581×108元a/。     

邢钢铁路运输安全管理工作经验

介绍了企业运输安全管理系统预先危险性分析、预防和控制的经验。     

Experiencing Biodiversity as a Bridge over the Science–Society Communication Gap

Drawing on the idea that biodiversity is simply the diversity of living things, and that everyone knows what diversity and living things mean, most conservation professionals eschew the need to explain the many complex ways in which biodiversity is understood in science. On many biodiversity‐related issues, this lack of clarity leads to a communication gap between science and the general public, including decision makers who must design and implement biodiversity policies. Closing this communication gap is pivotal to the ability of science to inform sound environmental decision making. To address this communication gap, we propose a surrogate of biodiversity for communication purposes that captures the scientific definition of biodiversity yet can be understood by nonscientists; that is, biodiversity as a learning experience. The prerequisites of this or any other biodiversity communication surrogate are that it should have transdisciplinary relevance; not be measurable; be accessible to a wide audience; be usable to translate biodiversity issues; and understandably encompass biodiversity concepts. Biodiversity as a learning experience satisfies these prerequisites and is philosophically robust. More importantly, it can effectively contribute to closing the communication gap between biodiversity science and society at large. Experimentando la Biodiversidad como un Puente sobre el Vacío entre la Comunicación Ciencia‐Sociedad     

新疆城市SO2自动监测仪器运行维护中质量控制(QC)问题探讨

根据新疆12城市的环境空气质量自动监测系统SO2运行情况,对仪器在新疆特殊天气条件下的适用性进行分析,并针对环境空气自动监测系统SO2质量控制(QC)工作中仪器比对校验、异常值判断标准、仪器稳定性、数据准确性等方面进行阐述,旨在从技术、经验和方法及管理等方面为三级站空气质量自动监测系统规范运行及数据分析提供参考和帮助.     

Loft features reveal the functioning of the young pigeon’s navigational system

It is thought that young homing pigeons are able to use information acquired en route for their initial homeward orientation. However, the cues involved and mechanisms utilised are under discussion. Blocking light-dependent route-specific information during the first leg of an outward journey detour, together with analysis of pigeons that were raised under different loft conditions, allowed us to correctly evaluate the functioning of this mechanism and, more generally, the navigational map of birds. Pigeons from the same stock were raised and kept in two different lofts. The birds in the experimental groups were transported to the release sites via detours, and light-dependent information was denied during the first half of the outward journey (no compass information was available). Control birds were transported by the most direct route and had access to all available information. In general, the results showed that the low-loft birds preferred to use magnetic compass cues, whereas the high-loft birds preferred to use navigational map cues to collect information of the first part of the outward journey. The impairments observed in the homing performances of the experimental groups highlight the reliability of information collected inside the map area. Relevant to an understanding of the route-reversal mechanism was the evidence that this mechanism is able to function in the absence of compass information (birds raised in a wind-exposed loft show a detour effect). In systems where directional information could be provided by multiple sources, processing and extracting accurate course trajectories through a common mechanism may prove more efficient and reliable.     

美国水务管理经验分析与借鉴

对美国水务管理体制模式、运行机制及特点进行分析,为我国的水务管理及水资源合理开发利用提供思路与借鉴。     

发展循环经济 开辟航空业新纪元

随着人们环保意识的逐渐增强,航空业所造成的环境和噪声污染已经越来越成为令人关注的重大问题。从5个方面介绍了发达国家航空业发展循环经济的经验,指出我国作为发展中国家,要正视与发达国家的差距,借鉴国外先进经验,转变观念、大胆创新,大力发展循环经济,开辟我国航空业的新纪元。     

韩国《环境政策基本法》研究

现行韩国《环境政策基本法》明确了可持续发展、环境权等基本理念,强化环境行政的综合调整机能,确立以事前预防为中心的环境政策,并随着时代发展要求及时进行多次修改,为最终实现其立法目的提供了制度保障。韩国环境基本法的成功经验,对我国《环境保护法》的修改具有一定借鉴价值。     

湖北省实施排污权交易的障碍及对策分析

湖北省排污权市场的交易频率与交易规模都亟待提高。本文选择全国首家排污权交易中心一嘉兴市排污权储备交易中心作为比较对象,分别从排污权的初始分配、交易制度设计和激励机制等三个方面对两地的具体做法进行了详细的分析比较,最后得出：湖北省在实施排污交易的过程中,初始排污权的分配难以体现公平与效率;集中竞价的交易方式并非当前的最优选择;重平台、忽激励的交易制度设计埋下了市场交易冷清的隐患。最后,提出了相应的改进建议。