总程平衡治理技术处理饮料废水工艺

对可乐废水采用总程平衡治理技术,经调查、试验与计算,对废水实行动态的分流．将占总水量不足２％ 的浓废水进行厌氧处理,去除占ＣＯＤ总量７０％ 以上的污染物,使好氧处理负荷降低．根据费用计算中所作假设,在其它条件不变的情况下,总程平衡治理工艺吨水处理能耗可比常规好氧治理工艺节省４８％ ．     

浅议企业安全管理

安全生产是发展市场经济的客观要求,是企业持续、快速、健康发展的重要保证.各企业必须认真分析、研究本企业安全生产中的新老问题,结合本单位的实际,制定科学的措施,搞好企业安全生产.     

破碎筛分厂的粉尘污染及其治理

介绍了我国破碎筛分厂的粉尘污染现状、治理方法和治理效果.通过对粉尘污染的治理,改善了矿山工人的作业环境,实现清洁生产,降低了职业病的发病率.     

安全生产标准化的实施与效果

介绍了太原钢铁集团第二轧钢厂开展安全生产标准化工作的几点做法及经验。     

乙醛清洁生产工艺的模拟研究

在对乙醇路线制备乙醛生产过程中乙醛分离提纯工艺进行分析的基础上,提出废水循环回用的乙醛清洁生产工艺,运用序贯模块法建立系统的数学模型。通过计算机求解,得出一系列参数。研究结果表明,该工艺可以达到减少废水排放量、提高非目标产物出口浓度的目的。     

从胶片生产废料中回收银

介绍了从涂布废水,废胶片、废乳剂中回收银的工艺流程,叙述了工业试验出现的问题和采取的措施。工业试验结果表明,对从上述３种废料中得到的湿银泥,采用培烧－置换－铸锭工艺回收银,回收率大于９９％,产品银锭的纯度大于９９．９％。     

Total site: wastewater minimization: Wastewater reuse and regeneration reuse

Analysis of technological wastewater streams in a refinery and petrochemical complex was carried out. Wastewater flowrates, temperatures, pH and pollutant contents were measured. Regarding the characteristics of the individual waters, possible connections between water outflows from the processes or process units and potential water consumers were determined. Possibilities to reduce the flowrate of technological wastewater with wastewater reuse or preliminary regeneration and reuse were found. The consumption of fresh water could be lowered by 11.2 m³/h, reducing the treatment system load and prolonging its residence time by 7%. The payback period for the changes proposed in the petrochemical plants is 6 months with annual savings of US$27 630. The payback period for the changes proposed in the refinery is 11 days with annual savings of US$15 500.     

21世纪初我国粮食供需的新空间格局

利用2000-2003年县级统计数据,揭示21世纪初我国粮食供需的空间格局。我国粮食供需平衡以东西分异规律为主,其次是南北分异。地势第二级阶梯以东,主要余粮区分布最广,北方明显多于南方;胡焕庸线以西,常年缺粮区为主;两线之间,潜在缺粮区居多。东北地区、华北平原生产全国近70%的余粮。长江中下游以南地区既是我国温饱水平缺粮总数最多的地区,也是第三大余粮生产区。地势第二级阶梯上的农牧交错带,温饱水平缺粮总量列第二位,是我国粮食安全最脆弱的地区。上述地区主要位于环境变化敏感地带,粮食安全自然风险最大。因此,加强环境变化对粮食供需平衡的影响研究,对深入认识我国粮食供需平衡的稳定性具有重要的现实意义和理论价值。     

Human Population Numbers as a Function of Food Supply

Human population growth has typically been seen as the primary causative factor of other ecologically destructive phenomena. Current human disease epidemics are explored as a function of population size. That human population growth is itself a phenomenon with clearly identifiable ecological/biological causes has been overlooked. Here, human population growth is discussed as being subject to the same dynamic processes as the population growth of other species. Contrary to the widely held belief that food production must be increased to feed the growing population, experimental and correlational data indicate that human population growth varies as a function of food availability. By increasing food production for humans, at the expense of other species, the biologically determined effect has been, and continues to be, an increase in the human population. Understanding the relationship between food increases and population increases is proposed as a necessary first step in addressing this global problem. Resistance to this perspective is briefly discussed in terms of cultural bias in science.     

在中型氮肥厂推行清洁生产

在对合成氨厂污染源调查的基础上,通过对尿素解吸塔的改造、铜洗稀氨水的增浓、氨吸塔含氨废水的循环利用、氨泵密封水的回收,减少了生产过程中污染物－氨氮的产生量,并取得了显著的经济效益。