农村水污染治理驱动因素的利益相关者识别

引入利益相关者理论对我国农村水污染治理减低污染风险的驱动因素进行了识别。通过对农村水污染系统内的利益相关者进行界定,划分了政府、农村社区居民和社会力量3个利益群体,并通过Binary Logistic回归模型对3个利益群体的驱动力进行量化分析,经实证模型检验表明,反映政府作用的考核机制（含财政投入与监管能力）、反映社会力量的社会资金投入以及反映农村社区作用的自主管理能力和居民环保投入所占比重的发生比（OR值）分别为2.248、1.725、1.525和1.236,表明政府主导对减轻农村水污染起关键作用,社会力量和农民社区自身多方发挥作用对降低农村水污染风险的影响也是显著的。     

Analysis of business safety performance by structural equation models

Domestic safety performance, which has had gained increasingly greater importance in recent years, is the subject of many studies. However, studies on the application of the structural equation model (SEM) in systematic safety performance model fitness verifications remain scarce. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety performance with the aim at one private representative chemical and food company in Taiwan, for providing the strategy and improvement consult in safety management. In order to obtain the best-fit safety performance model, the Amos 17.0 (Analysis of Moment Structure 17.0) was used to construct a series of SEM competition models to confirm the four various orientations of the safety performance model through the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) method. The results showed that the first-order multi-factor oblique model and second-order single-factor safety performance model were the best-fit models. The results of this study will contribute to the related enterprises’ ability to assess the safety indicators and will also be an even greater contribution to the future development of enterprise security.     

Numerical simulation on foam ceramic blasting block device under the action of explosion transform

The responsive behaviour of the action of under explosion blasting block damaging device structure was investigated based on quality equation, energy conservation equation and thermodynamics equation, using the ANSYS finite element simulation and Euler form of momentum equation. This paper analyzed the destructive situation of the inside and outside of the foam ceramic device. The research shows that the finite element simulation results and the numerical calculation results agree, which provides important reference basis in the anti-explosion design and improvement of cut off the device for blasting.     

铁氧体对活性污泥法处理生活污水的强化作用

为了提高活性污泥法处理生活污水的效率,采用铁氧体与生物法相结合方式处理生活污水。在生物反应器中投加磁化后的铁氧体粉末,在一定条件下驯化活性污泥。通过试验,得出了铁氧体的最佳投加量为375 mg/L。同普通活性污泥法相比,投加了375 mg/L铁氧体粉末的活性污泥对生活污水中COD和NH3-N的去除率分别提高了4.7%和26.5%;在各自的最佳运行条件下,投加铁氧体后反应器的水力停留时间缩短1 h。     

高危岗位矿工工作倦怠影响因素的结构方程模型

为探索高危岗位矿工工作倦怠形成机制,寻求合理的干预对策,在文献研究和实地调研基础上,提出矿工工作倦怠假设模型。采用多阶段分层随机抽样法,对1 800名高危岗位矿工进行问卷调查,并借助结构方程模型(SEM)技术验证假设模型。研究表明:组织管理和角色压力均正向影响工作倦怠,工作特征仅正向影响生理疲乏;社会支持是工作压力源到工作倦怠的中介变量;消极应对是工作压力源到工作倦怠的部分中介变量,其中介效应较社会支持大很多;工作压力源通过影响社会支持再影响应对方式进而正向影响工作倦怠。通过有效干预组织管理和角色压力可减缓工作倦怠。     

长三角城市群建设用地扩张地区差异的驱动因素解释——基于回归方程的Shapley值分解方法

工业化、城镇化所带来的建设用地过度扩张已成为土地资源领域研究的热点问题。利用基于半对数回归方程的Shapley值分解方法考察了2006~2015年长三角城市群26个城市建设用地扩张的驱动因素及其对地区差异的贡献率。研究表明:(1)耕地保留量、产业结构调整、建设用地利用效率、生态压力等因素对建设用地扩张具有负向驱动作用,经济发展速度、人口城镇化速度、政府财政赤字、政府政策执行力等因素对建设用地扩张具有正向驱动作用,但耕地保有量、生态压力两个因素对建设用地扩张影响不显著;(2)政府财政赤字、建设用地利用效率、政府政策执行力等3个因素对建设用地扩张地区差异的贡献率最大。为此,应从资源约束、生态压力、促进产业结构调整、实施土地供给侧结构性改革、提高土地效率等多方面入手以破解建设用地过度扩张的困局。     

基于通风网络理论的采空区自燃过程数值模拟

把采空区多孔介质空间假想成由漏风通道组成的通风网络 ,各漏风分支的风阻则按采空区的实际特性给予赋值 ,然后采用通风网络理论、流体力学与传热学理论 ,对新集矿 130 7工作面采空区的简化模型进行了自燃过程的模拟。其模拟结果经实测与分析 ,证明是合理的。因此 ,采用该方法模拟采空区煤炭自燃过程是可行的 ,具有很高的实用价值     

Population dynamics models based on cumulative density dependent feedback: A link to the logistic growth curve and a test for symmetry using aphid data

Density dependent feedback, based on cumulative population size, has been advocated to explain and mathematically characterize “boom and bust” population dynamics. Such feedback results in a bell-shaped population trajectory of the population density. Here, we note that this trajectory is mathematically described by the logistic probability density function. Consequently, the cumulative population follows a time trajectory that has the same shape as the cumulative logistic function. Thus, the Pearl–Verhulst logistic equation, widely used as a phenomenological model for density dependent population growth, can be interpreted as a model for cumulative rather than instantaneous population. We extend the cumulative density dependent differential equation model to allow skew in the bell-shaped population trajectory and present a simple statistical test for skewness. Model properties are exemplified by fitting population trajectories of the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines. The linkage between the mechanistic underpinnings of the logistic probability density function and cumulative distribution function models could open up new avenues for analyzing population data.