基于熵权法-CIM模型的高速公路施工临近房屋安全风险评价

为了评估高速公路施工对临近房屋的安全影响,基于房屋因素、施工技术与管理因素、房屋周边环境因素,提出了高速公路施工临近房屋安全风险评价指标体系。以某高速公路施工临近10处房屋为研究对象,采用基于熵权法-CIM模型的混合安全风险评价方法,首先计算指标权重;再以其中1处房屋为例,确定其安全风险概率,结果表明:该处房屋安全风险总体较高,基本符合工程施工中的监测结果。     

深水钻井隔水管磁记忆内检测装置研发及应用

为了解决深水钻井隔水管裂纹、磨损、疲劳损伤等检测难题,基于磁记忆检测技术研制1种内检测器.其主要结构包括:数据采集腔,周向布置的60路GMR高灵敏度传感器,导向支撑轮,吊装牵拉钩等.该设备可以在不拆卸浮力块的情况下完成隔水管内壁的覆盖式扫查.结果表明:检测器具备较高的可靠性,操作简单、检测效率高;检测数据可以有效反映隔...     

Effects of aircraft noise and speech on prose memory: What role for working memory capacity?

Previous research indicates that aircraft noise and meaningful background speech are particularly detrimental to school adolescents' ability to remember what they read, but until now the effects from aircraft noise and speech have never been compared directly in an experiment. Furthermore, individual differences in susceptibility to these effects are not well understood. The present investigation addressed these two issues. Adolescents attending upper secondary school were recruited as participants and the data collection was made in their ordinary classrooms. The results from two experiments revealed that speech is more detrimental to prose memory than is aircraft noise, and individual differences in working memory capacity contributes more to individual differences in susceptibility to the effects of aircraft noise on prose memory than to the effects of speech. Some applied implications of those findings to noise abatement interventions are suggested.     

远程监控城乡管网饮用水的低量色度

选用480 nm单色光及长光程技术进行吸光光度分析,测定水质色度。通过对比普通分光光度法可知,吸光光度测试的光程长度增加10倍,测试灵敏度显著提高,从而保证低色度饮用水(30度)的测定精准度。监测的色度数据利用GSM无线通信传输系统,可实现对水质色度监测结果的远程实时动态遥传,为预警突发性水污染事故提供数据支撑。     

斜拉索风雨激振的形状记忆合金半主动控制数值模拟分析

斜拉索风雨激振的控制是斜拉桥工程的关键技术难题之一。本文利用轴向设置的形状记忆合金(ShapeMemory Alloy,SMA)作动器,对斜拉索的风雨激振进行了半主动控制数值模拟分析,控制规则采用KOBORI开关控制。数值分析结果表明,SMA半主动控制可有效的控制拉索的风雨激振;SMA的设置长度及初始的应变大小对控制效果有较大的影响,SMA长度越长,初始应变越大,其控制效果越佳。对由SMA控制引起的拉索张力变化做了分析,其张力的变化很小,在可接受的范围内。研究表明,SMA作动器在参数非理想时控制效果可能有所降低,但控制的稳定性良好。     

基于复合LSTM模型的PM2.5浓度预测

在对淄博市19个空气质量监测站点监测数据进行分析后,提出了一种基于机器学习的复合模型——灰色关联度分析(GRA)-改进的完备总体经验模态分解(ICEEMD)-长短期记忆网络(LSTM)模型。通过分析淄博市2019年大气污染物和气象数据,选用LSTM模型预测PM_2.5浓度。由于传统单一模块机器学习模型具有训练时间较长和预测精度较低的问题,提出了复合LSTM模型。该模型由3部分组成：GRA,用于PM_2.5浓度影响因素变量筛选;ICEEMD,用于PM_2.5分解、分量筛选和原始大气污染物及气象数据处理;LSTM,用于PM_2.5浓度预测。预测结果表明：淄博市中部丘陵地带PM_2.5浓度高于南部山区和北部平原,东部高于西部;淄博市逐月PM_2.5浓度呈“U”形分布,1月最高,8月最低;淄博市PM_2.5浓度受PM₁₀和CO影响较大,受湿度和温度影响较小。对比单一LSTM模型和GRA-LSTM模型,GRA-ICEEMD-LSTM模型...     

近场长周期强地震动幅值谱研究

本文研究了近场长周期强地震动加速度的傅氏谱和功率谱模型及其参数估计方法,基于强地震动参数统计上的无向性,提出了一种结合地震学模拟模型和工程学统计回归模型的综合方法。文中定义了强地震动平稳段均方根加速度的计算方法,并通过均方根加速度建立了震源力学参数和强地震动工程参数间的关系。通过对目前使用的主观持时定义的应用分析,指出主观持时定义使得估计的地震动过程的峰值加速度的变异性与实际地震动过程的峰值加速度的变异性有显著不同,明显偏小,这对于结构抗震可靠度分析可能会得到失效概度偏小的结果,应引起工程界的重视。     

有效提高英语水平的一种途径——识记

本文针对大学生在英语学习过程中出现的识记能力差，贬低记忆作用的偏见，提出教学中应帮助学生了解和掌握记忆规律，提倡识记词汇、句法、段落或课文，有助于提高学生听、阅读和写作能力。     

长轴类锻件模截面积的自动计算

在微机锻模CAD系统中,利用程序自生成技术提出了一种自动计算长轴类锻件横截面面积的新方法,并据此编制了AutoLISP程序。     

Analysis of bumblebee visitation sequences within single bouts: implication of the overstrike effect on short-term memory

Pollinators whose foraging habitats consist of several plant types (species or morph) may continue to choose the plant type last visited because information about the type of plant last visited dominates over all other memory contents, in particular of short-term memory. In this study, I extracted this overstrike effect on the plant choices of pollinators by analyzing patterns of visitation sequences within a single round-trip between the hive and foraging patch (bout). First, I simulated the visitation sequences within single bouts with a model to show how factors, including the bees plant-type preferences, the arrangement of plants and the effect of overstrike on short-term memory, affect visitation sequences. Here, bees are assumed to forage in a patch consisting of two plant types (H and L). The model predicts that only the effect of overstrike on short-term memory causes assorted visitation sequences according to plant type (within-bout flower constancy). That is, if the overstrike-effect on short-term memory is the primary determinant of plant choice, then bees will fly to a type-L plant after visiting a type-L plant even if they predominantly visit type-H plants and vice versa. Next, I investigated individual bumblebees visitation sequences at a patch of artificial inflorescences with a set-up similar to that assumed in the model. Two types of inflorescences were arranged on a Cartesian grid. Assorted visitation sequences according to inflorescence type were observed, depending on the distances among inflorescences. This result supports the hypotheses that bees fly to the same plant type as that last visited because short-term memory is displaced (overstruck) with information about the most recently visited plant type.Communicated by M. Giurfa