两类微生物燃料电池治理硝酸盐废水的实验研究

采用二氧化铅阴极单室微生物燃料电池(MFC)和双室MFC,以葡萄糖为唯一电子供体,系统研究了两类微生物燃料电池的产电性能和去除硝酸盐的情况.结果表明,双室MFC闭合后,阳极室降解葡萄糖产生的电子可通过外电路传递到阴极,在生物的作用下,NO3--N得到电子被还原,平均反硝化速率达3.77 mg·L-1·d-1.双室MFC...     

西藏昌都地区土地利用结构熵值时序分析

研究土地利用结构的变化反映了区域发展和人类活动的强度,是研究区域发展结构的核心内容之一。区域土地利用结构的变化是区域土地利用演变的直接体现,信息熵可以作为土地利用结构有序性的一种度量。借助信息熵理论对藏东地区1992~2004年土地利用结构熵进行了计算与分析,分析结果表明：研究区土地利用结构熵2004年较1992年有所增加,但是增长幅度较小,与全国和西部地区土地利用信息熵水平相比,藏东地区土地利用系统结构熵值较低,有序度较高。土地利用结构变化和地方政策因素是导致昌都地区土地利用结构熵值变化的直接动因,经济发展、人口增长等对土地系统熵值的时序变化也存在影响。信息熵理论反映某区域系统宏观尺度上的土地利用结构特征,对区域土地利用结构的调整有一定的指导和借鉴意义。该理论在区域土地利用结构分析中的应用研究有待进一步深入。     

上市公司环境信息公开的双重监管

上市公司是一种特殊的企业形式,法律要求其在设立和生产经营过程中进行信息披露,来保护利益相关者的权益。涉及到环境信息的披露,上市公司受到环境法和证券法的双重监管,由于监管的理念和宗旨存在差异,导致监管的主体、内容和方式也存在着很大的不同。     

The role of coalitions in disaster policymaking

Disasters have the potential to act as focusing events, which can increase the amount of attention on disaster‐related problems and encourage policy action. Understanding of the political characteristics of disaster policymaking is underdeveloped, yet it is known that these features may be dissimilar to those of non‐disaster policy areas, especially concerning the coalitions of policy actors engaged in the disaster policy process. Coalitions in the realm of disaster policy processes may be less likely to form, may look very different, and may have different goals than those in non‐disaster domains. Knowledge of the emergence, composition, and purpose of coalitions in disaster policy is lacking. This paper draws on prior theory and case observations to define and describe the characteristics of a disaster policy subsystem and to build a typology of coalitions that may appear within such a subsystem, providing a foundation upon which scholars can work to study coalition dynamics in disaster policy subsystems.     

生物物种信息平台建设进展研究

信息技术的突飞猛进和互联网的迅速扩张,为生物多样性信息的收集、存储、提交、检索、分析、传播和使用带来了革命性的发展。生物多样性数据和信息服务的内容逐步从单一的名录数据库建设转向为多学科交叉的综合信息服务平台。本文结合国家生物多样性保护专项,在介绍国内外主流生物多样性信息平台建设现状的基础上,分析了我国现有平台存在的问题,并对下一步如何完善和推进平台应用进行探讨。     

海上移动式平台安全信息预警与保护装置研制

介绍了一种基于海洋移动式平台应用的安全信息预警与保护装置的研制,实现具有移动式平台海上安全信息采集、记录、预警、保护及再现等功能。     

太湖流域水环境监测数据资源目录体系构建研究

太湖流域水环境监测数据来源广泛,涉及部门众多。数据资源目录体系建设是实现数据有序组织、满足信息共享需求的有效途径。通过分析太湖流域水环境监测数据资源管理和利用现状、存在问题,指出建设流域水环境监测数据资源目录体系的必要性。构建了流域水环境监测数据资源目录体系总体架构,实现数据资源的编目、注册、目录管理与目录服务。在此基础上,建设了流域水环境监测数据交换与共享平台原型,为实现流域水环境监测数据交换与共享提供技术支撑。     

Use of principal component analysis to profile temporal and spatial variations of chlorinated solvent concentration in groundwater

This work aims at evaluating spatial distribution patterns of concentration variations for chlorinated solvents in groundwater, based on principal component analysis and geographic information system (GIS) tools. The study investigates long-time series of chlorinated solvent concentrations in groundwater measured for 18 contaminated industrial sites. The characterization of contaminant plumes and delineation of pollutant sources are essential for choosing appropriate monitoring and remediation strategies, as contaminated groundwaters are characterized by complex patterns of spatial and temporal concentration variability, with wide unpredictable fluctuations over time. The present work describes the results of a new exploratory statistical method called the Variability Index Method (VIM) applied to environmental data to assess the performance of using concentration variations as molecular tracers to reveal aquifer dynamics, industrial impacts, and point sources for contamination plumes. The application of this method provides a useful assessment of controls over contaminant concentration variations as well as support for remediation techniques.     

Enhancing community-based disaster preparedness with information technology

A critical component of community-based disaster preparedness (CBDP) is a local resource database of suppliers providing physical, information and human resources for use in disaster response. Maintenance of such a database can become a collaborative responsibility among community-based non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and public and private community organisations. In addition to mobilising resources, this process raises awareness within the community and aids in assessing local knowledge and resources. This paper presents the results of a pilot study on implementing a community-based resource database through collaboration with local American Red Cross chapters and public and private community organisations. The design of the resource database is described. The resource database is accessible via the internet and offline using laptops and handheld Personal Digital Assistants. The study concludes that CBDP is strengthened through a combination of appropriate information technology and collaborative relationships between NGOs and community-based organisations.     

基于现代信息技术的城市灾害应急管理系统

城市灾害应急管理系统是一项复杂的大系统工程。本文着重从应急管理过程中的应急资源调配、应急预案制定等方面阐述了现代信息技术在城市灾害应急管理中的应用与优势。认为应急管理信息系统的建立目的不是为了预测和估算,而应是当灾害发生时,对已造成的灾情局面做出快速的辅助决策支持。基于此,利用SuperMapObject5.0,Visual Basic6.0,SQL Server2000等现代信息技术软件,以辅助决策、资源快速查询以及生命线管网易损处调查为目的,本文建立了一个局部地区灾害应急管理信息系统。系统的数据库建立更突出了为应急管理服务所需的基础信息、空间数据、应急预案和应急资源等信息划分方式;结合已有的震害预测理论和方法,开发了供水系统和交通系统的震害预测模块,事先为灾害应急决策提供可能的震害信息。系统的开发过程进一步证明了GIS在城市灾害应急管理中有着直观显示、容易操作、辅助准确决策等优势。