玻纤布上胶车间有机溶剂废气净化处理

介绍了工厂有机溶剂废气处理方案和设计及实际运行效果,具有简单经济、净化彻底的特点.     

城市固体废物好氧生物反应器填埋方式的实验研究

MSW（城市固体废物）生物反应器型填埋是一种较新颖的方法.在系统分析现有填埋方法优缺点的基础上,对其加以改进,将强制通风好氧和渗滤液循环2种方式有机地结合在一起,构建了MSW好氧生物反应器.考察了NH3、CH4、CO2、pH和温度等因素,并监测分析了渗滤液中的COD、BOD5、Zn^2＋、NH4^＋和NO3^-等指标,旨在研究其中垃圾的降解及渗滤液中COD、BOD5、Zn^2＋、NH4^＋和NO3^-的去除情况,探讨该生物反应器对垃圾和渗滤液相关参数的作用机理.结果表明,该反应器对渗滤液中COD、BOD5、NO3^-的去除率分别达到96.34%、94.58%和99.9%,对其中的Zn^2＋也有较好的脱除效果.     

Measurements of selected PCBs in open urban ambient air of Madrid (Spain)

The focus of this study was to characterize the concentration levels of selected PCBs and compare them to compiled data in order to contribute to the international database. The sampling site is located in the outskirts of Madrid and can be considered an open urban area. 32 samples of air were taken from February 1998 to June 1998 by using a high volume air sampler. Glass fiber filters and polyurethane foam (PUF) were used to collect the paniculate and gas phase material, respectively. PUF plugs were Soxhlet extracted and filters were ultrasonically extracted by using pesticide-grade hexane and dichloromethane, respectively. The cleanup procedure was carried out on a florisil column with hexane and hexane/dichloromethane as elution solvents. GC/MS in a selected ion monitoring mode was used for quantification and 29 selected PCBs congeners were analyzed.     

综合交通枢纽运营安全集成管理机制的构建

为提高综合交通枢纽(ITH)运营安全管理的效率和效果,从脆弱性的角度,分析综合交通枢纽运营安全事故的机理和运营安全管理的特性,构建综合交通枢纽运营安全集成管理机制。该机制以安全信息、安全组织和安全资源的协调、集成和优化为核心,包含干扰监测、威胁预警、漏洞修复、事故控制、鲁棒性提升和应急与恢复等实施机制。建立包含管理措施和技术手段的支撑体系。研究表明:脆弱性是综合交通枢纽运营安全事故发生的根源;该机制以脆弱性为突破口,通过若干管理措施和技术手段,能够实现综合交通枢纽运营安全的全要素、全过程和全资源的集成管理。     

碳酸氢钠及其固态分解产物对玉米淀粉爆炸抑制实验研究

为研究NaHCO3对玉米淀粉爆炸的抑制效果,采用20 L球形爆炸装置测试玉米淀粉在添加不同抑制比NaHCO3及其固态分解产物Na2 CO3后爆炸参数变化规律,并分析NaHCO3抑制淀粉爆炸过程.结果表明:NaHCO3及Na2 CO3对玉米淀粉爆炸均有抑制作用,NaHCO3抑制效果优于Na2 CO3;混合粉尘的最大爆炸压...     

丙二酸二(2-(2,3-二羟基苯甲酰胺)乙基)酯的合成与螯合性能研究

用2,3-二羟基苯甲酸经羟基保护、酰胺化、酯化和去保护4步反应,生成一种新型的四齿丙二酸二(2-(2,3-二羟基苯甲酰胺)乙基)酯配体.采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)、核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、核磁共振碳谱(13C NMR)和质谱(MS)对其结构进行了表征.在中性pH值条件下,研究了这种配体对铀酰离子的络合能力.结果表明,丙二酸二(2-(2,3-二羟基苯甲酰胺)乙基)酯配体与铀酰离子的螯合常数为23.2.     

基于CFD-DEM的旋风除尘器内气固流动特性研究

为了研究旋风除尘器内气固流动特性,采用CFD-DEM耦合算法研究不同入口气体速度下旋风除尘器内颗粒流态、静压、径向速度及轴向速度分布特征。结果表明:煤屑颗粒在离心力和径向曳力的作用下以螺旋颗粒条带靠近除尘器的壁面稳定向下移动,随着入口风速的增加煤屑颗粒条带变宽,条带与除尘器的第1次接触的拐点上移,螺距减小;除尘器内部压力轴向变化较小,径向变化较大,随着入口气体速度增加,除尘器壁面附近高压区范围和压力也随之增加,除尘器上方和下方的负压区变宽并朝轴向方向延伸;随入口气体速度增加,除尘器内径向速度和轴向速度逐渐增加,煤屑颗粒在除尘器中部聚集较多,煤屑停留时间变长,入口气体速度为15 m/s时,煤屑颗粒在除尘器内停留时间最长。     

基于模糊评价的VDT系统搜索策略绩效形成机理研究

为优化视觉显示终端（VDT）结构性搜索界面的布局,提高作业绩效和安全,设计了VDT系统搜索实验,构建了搜索目标位置在4个主观偏好指标下的Pythagorean模糊集决策矩阵,运用交互式多准则决策（TODIM）法计算各目标位置偏好的总体优势度并排序;同时对VDT系统搜索实验中各目标位置的绩效进行方差分析并排序,分析系统搜索策略下作业者对目标位置的主观偏好与绩效之间的关系。研究结果表明:基于系统搜索策略的VDT作业绩效在不同目标位置差异显著;导致绩效差异的根本原因是作业者对搜索目标位置的主观偏好度,而不是搜索目标的位置属性;除中心区域外,偏好度高的区域搜索绩效要优于偏好度低的区域。     

Alcohol is a predictor of mortality in motor vehicle collisions

IntroductionIt is well recognized that driving while intoxicated increases the probability of a motor-vehicle collision (MVC). The effect of alcohol on the chance of surviving the MVC is less clear. Method: Using data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) we conducted analyses for the outcome of mortality using alcohol and other variables as predictors. We also selected alcohol positive (AP) and alcohol negative (AN) persons from the same MVC and vehicle to control for confounding characteristics. Results: The odds ratio (OR) for mortality for alcohol positive drivers was 2.57, (p < 0.001 for all the following OR). Other harmful predictive factors were age OR 1.01 per year, vehicle age OR 1.05 per year, male sex OR 1.23, avoidance maneuver OR 1.09, speed related OR 2.89, rollover mechanism OR 2.75, and collision with a fixed object OR 6.70. Protective factors were proper restraint use – OR 0.19 and collision with another moving vehicle, OR 0.21. In the multivariate analysis the OR of mortality for AP vs AN was 1.46. Proper restraint use (OR 0.27) remained protective along with collision with another moving vehicle. When AP and AN persons from the same MVC and the same vehicle were compared, the adjusted OR’s for mortality were 1.46 and 2.08, respectively. Conclusions: Alcohol is an independent predictor of mortality in an MVC. Proper restraint use is the strongest protective factor. This finding allows a more complete understanding of the risks of driving while intoxicated, not only a higher probability of an MVC, but decreased survival once the MVC occurs. Practical Applications: Identification of alcohol as an independent predictor of mortality in an accident may improve risk assessment and influence drivers to avoid driving while intoxicated.     

2014—2018年铁路辖区职工癌胚抗原检测结果与分析

为了解某铁路辖区职工癌胚抗原异常情况,探讨该人群癌胚抗原异常检测结果的影响因素,以提出防控策略,采用全自动电化学发光仪对2014—2018年铁路辖区职工的癌胚抗原进行测定,共检测159 214份。结果表明,癌胚抗原异常率12.1%,56～60岁人群癌胚抗原异常率最高、为14.5%,男性职工癌胚抗原异常率高于女性,血糖偏高人群癌胚抗原异常率为16.5%。最后提出应进一步重视检测结果,充分利用铁路现有卫生资源,采取健康体检、健康宣传、健康休养、健康管理的防控手段。