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151.
刘首正 《辽宁城乡环境科技》2012,(10):67-71
植物区系是在特有的历史条件下发展产生而形成的某一特定地区生长的全部植物类型的总和,是植物科、属、种的自然综合体。它多数是以种群方式存在的,对应组成该地区植被的主体,也是大自然地理生态环境中的集中反映和自然保护区生态环境变化的依据。研究老秃顶子国家级自然保护区的植物区系的组成和地理组成部分等相关资料,对于分析研究植物区系与自然地理要素之间的关系意义重大。 相似文献
152.
《Environmental Communication: A Journal of Nature and Culture》2013,7(8):1053-1068
ABSTRACTThis study examined the intent, preparatory processes and challenges of nature photographers mainly shooting plants and animals in northern Japan. Findings revealed efforts to actively absorb scientific knowledge related to subjects during the preparatory process. Thus, a core intention is to capture nature in a scientifically credible manner, thereby demonstrating intimate understanding of subjects acquired from both scientific knowledge and first-hand field observations. In constructing their self-identity and attributing purpose to their work, photographers are grappling with internal tensions and contradictions when deciding the optimal distance to place between their field and related professions such as stock photography and artistic expression. We also observed cases where the original intentions of scientifically credible images from nature photographers might be lost as images are freely diffused via digital stock photo libraries. This harbors implications for the ability of the public to knowingly view photographs with a sort of “quality assurance” based on natural science. 相似文献
153.
A landscape ecological approach to address scaling problems in conservation management and monitoring 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Management of many African game reserves is today often still an art based on experience and intuition, rather than a science.
Decision-making is based on an informal integration of accumulated individual knowledge and keen field observations. Data
are generally poorly captured and curated. Until fairly recently, denominators of biological parameters (such as the unit
of land or unit of plant production used as measurement) have generally been treated as being homogenous. The patchiness of
landscapes and the issue of ecological scaling were ignored, often because of a lack of appropriate technical tools. The ecological
data available on the 49,000-ha Songimvelo Game Reserve (SGR) result from a number of discrete survey and monitoring projects
undertaken by different researchers, with different objectives, at different spatial and temporal scales. A landscape ecological
approach towards research and monitoring is appropriate for an area of the size and diversity of the SGR. A combination of
a database approach and spatial representation was used to consolidate and integrate data across temporal and spatial scales.
Herbivore spatial and temporal distribution patterns were explored across three spatial scales. An understanding was achieved
of the importance of landscape patchiness in controlling resource availability for herbivores. This insight is important in
guiding management and monitoring of the SGR by placing perceived patch overutilization in its proper landscape context. The
landscape ecological approach bridges the traditional scale-independent view to a more contemporary scale-related understanding
of ecosystem diversity and functioning. 相似文献
154.
Gladden JN 《Environmental management》2001,27(3):367-376
The United States and Finland have passed laws to classify and manage Arctic wilderness areas, but their national policies
are based on different nature ideologies. Finns tend to perceive wilderness as a human-centered idea, while Americans are
inclined to see the same land from a nature-based point of view. Rural residents in the Arctic, and especially indigenous
peoples, use motorized vehicles for hunting and gathering in wilderness areas. Attempts of southern-based environmental groups
to restrict motor use by imposing a nature-based ideology on rural residents in northern Alaska will result in high levels
of political conflict. Alaska land managers need to respect the minority rights of rural residents and a study of wilderness
policies in Finnish Lapland is instructive toward this end. 相似文献
155.
牯牛降生物资源和旅游资源的永续利用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
牯牛降自然保护区是安徽省第一个以保护森林生态系统为主的国家级综合自然保护区,保护区生物资源丰富,有维管植物180科672属1220余种,脊椎动物37目82科193属271种,珍稀濒危和国家重点保护野生植物31种,中国特有属种20个,珍稀保护动物29种,还拥有丰富的旅游资源.对牯牛降自然保护区的生物资源和旅游资源永续利用提出了4点建议. 相似文献
156.
论“人与自然和谐共处”的思想 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
环境道德和生态伦理主张“人与自然和谐共处”的思想,与“人类中心主义”和“自然中心主义”有着本质区别。对当代环境道德和生态伦理的特征与主张应准把握,其将自然原理和人道原理结合起来,由人及物将非人生命体或自然作为人的“伙伴与朋友”。 相似文献
157.
阿拉善地区生物多样性与自然保护区规划 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由于特殊的自然地理条件和独特的地形地貌类型,阿拉善地区具有丰富的珍稀物种资源和多样的生态系统。本文依据保护生物多样性的要求,对该区重点保护区做了具体规划。 相似文献
158.
159.
160.
U. Dragosits M.R. Theobald C.J. Place H.M. ApSimon M.A. Sutton 《Environmental Science & Policy》2006,9(7-8):626-638
Ammonia (NH3) is emitted mainly from agricultural practices, with NH3 concentrations decreasing rapidly away from sources. As a consequence there is a high spatial variability in nitrogen deposition and its consequent ecological effects in agricultural landscapes that is in addition to differences in sensitivity between habitat types. This variability points to the potential to include spatial planning measures as part of strategies to protect sensitive vegetation from ammonia deposition.National abatement policies typically include uniform recommendations for technical abatement measures, such as ploughing in manures after land spreading. In this study, the complementary potential of spatial planning to reduce effects on target locations is analysed through model scenarios for an example landscape in central England. Scenarios included defining buffer zones of low-emission agriculture and establishing tree belts surrounding either emission sources or priority areas for the protection of semi-natural habitats.The analysis showed that tree belts can reduce deposition to sensitive areas, with trees surrounding the sensitive habitats being more effective than trees around the sources. Low emission buffer zones around sink areas also result in useful reductions in N deposition. Smaller nature reserve sites benefit to a greater degree from such spatial planning measures, as large reserves can provide their own buffer zone to some degree. Similarly, relocating point sources or using planning policies to ensure the location of large NH3 point sources are at least 2–3 km from the sensitive habitats results in substantial reductions in N deposition. 相似文献