上海浦东新区碳储量变化影响因素分析

采用InVEST模型估算浦东新区2000年、2010年和2020年的碳储量,基于地理探测器对碳储量变化的影响因素进行分析.结果表明,研究期间浦东新区碳储量先增后减,在空间上表现为东部增多、中部减少、西部不变;土地利用程度是碳储量变化的主要影响因子,土壤类型和年均降水量是重要影响因素,双因子的交互影响力高于单因子;当高程范围为0m～7m、坡度＞10.13°、无坡向、土壤类型为滨海盐土、年均温度为16.25 ℃～16.31 ℃、年均降水量为1 132.41 mm～1 150.02 mm、土地利用程度为 200～268.24、人口 密度为 1.76 万人/km2～3.32 万人/km2、GDP 为 291 799.79 万元/km2～644 331.46万元/km2时,浦东新区的碳储量增长最高.     

江苏省鸟类新纪录——琉球姬鹟

2014年4月20日,在江苏省南通市如东小洋口,观察并拍摄到1只姬鹟属（Ficedula）鸟类。经查询相关文献和中国观鸟记录中心,确认为琉球姬鹟（Ficedula owstoni）,系江苏鸟类新纪录,并推测为区域性迷鸟。     

Telemetric System for Hydrology and Water Quality Monitoring in Watersheds of Northern New Mexico, Usa

This study utilized telemetric systems to sample microbes and pathogens in forest, burned forest, rangeland, and urban watersheds to assess surface water quality in northern New Mexico. Four sites included remote mountainous watersheds, prairie rangelands, and a small urban area. The telemetric system was linked to dataloggers with automated event monitoring equipment to monitor discharge, turbidity, electrical conductivity, water temperature, and rainfall during base flow and storm events. Site data stored in dataloggers was uploaded to one of three types of telemetry: 1) radio in rangeland and urban settings; 2) a conventional phone/modem system with a modem positioned at the urban/forest interface; and 3) a satellite system used in a remote mountainous burned forest watershed. The major variables affecting selection of each system were site access, distance, technology, and cost. The systems were compared based on operation and cost. Utilization of telecommunications systems in this varied geographic area facilitated the gathering of hydrologic and water quality data on a timely basis.     

新常态下环境监测的机遇和挑战

阐述了当前环境监测的现状,指出了新常态下环境监测的机遇和挑战,提出了环境监测要抓住机遇,面对挑战,充分发挥职能,保证环境监测数据真实,完善环境监测体系,深度运用环境监测数据,实行信息公开。     

天津滨海某化工园区废水预处理去毒技术研究

化工产业是天津滨海新区重要的支柱产业,该行业废水因污染种类复杂,具有高盐、高毒、难降解等特点,是滨海新区污染物控制的主要威胁。通过对滨海某化工区实际废水进行几种主流预处理技术及其组合工艺的研究,明晰了其在实验条件下各自的特点,验证了其实际处理效果,进一步掌握了其反应过程中的特性,为研究后续的示范工程应用及大规模推广打下基础。实验表明,制药废水经内电解处理后毒性削减率最高可达到46%,对化学合成废水有较好的去毒效果,该技术可有效地提高制药废水的可生化性;光催化氧化对苯胺和氯苯的最佳降解条件分别是15 g/L TiO(23 h)及17.5 g/L TiO2;负载型纳米铁和纳米四氧化三铁催化剂分别适合极酸和中性、偏碱性条件,催化效率高,COD去除效果好。     

2018年春节北京市噪声污染分析

利用北京市87个噪声自动监测站点监测数据,分析2018年除夕夜(2月15日18：00—2月16日2：00)全市噪声排放水平。通过比较2013—2018年除夕夜噪声排放强度,结合北京市细颗粒物浓度变化分析,表明2018年除夕夜北京市噪声污染排放显著降低,2013—2018年噪声污染排放存在时空分布特征,除夕夜细颗粒物污染变化与噪声污染变化趋势较为吻合,作为主要污染源的烟花爆竹燃放在受到政策的限制后,除夕夜北京市声环境和空气环境同比大幅改善。     

Environmental Monitoring Of Remedial Dredging At The New Bedford Harbor, Ma, Superfund Site

New Bedford Harbor (NBH), MA, is a Superfund site because of high polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations in the sediment. From April 1994 to September 1995, a remedial dredging operation (termed the “Hot Spot”) removed the most contaminated sediments (PCB concentrations greater than 4000μg/g) from the upper harbor. During remediation, a monitoring program assessed the potential environmental impacts to NBH and adjacent Buzzards Bay. The monitoring program was developed with input from federal, state, and local authorities. Site-specific decision criteria were established to assess net PCB transport, water column toxicity, and PCB bioaccumulation in blue and ribbed mussels (Mytilus edulis and Geukensia demissa, respectively). The remediation was completed without exceeding PCB net transport or acute toxicity effects specified in the decision criteria. In addition, PCB bioaccumulation in mussels during this time period was not significantly greater than pre- or post-operational measurements. The results indicated that approximately 14000 cubic yards of highly PCB contaminated sediment were permanently removed with minimal environmental effects. The lessons learned during this operation, as well as previous pilot studies at the site, will be used to make full-scale remedial efforts in NBH more efficient and environmentally protective.     

上海浦东新区环境空气质量特点及成因分析

为了解浦东新区建区以来的环境空气质量,浦东新区环境保护监测站对1994年－2001年环境空气中主要污染物监测结果进行了分析：SO2,NOx,TSP的质量浓度和分指数结果相比较,TSP占有最大权重,处于污染主导地位,其主要污染源为工业粉尘,烟尘,机动车排放的尾气,建筑施工及道路交通产生的尘污染。     

Rehabilitation and Flood Management Planning in a Steep,Boulder-Bedded Stream

This study demonstrates the integration of rehabilitation and flood management planning in a steep, boulder-bedded stream in a coastal urban catchment on the South Island of New Zealand. The Water of Leith, the primary stream flowing through the city of Dunedin, is used as a case study. The catchment is steep, with a short time of concentration and rapid hydrologic response, and the lower stream reaches are highly channelized with floodplain encroachment, a high potential for debris flows, significant flood risks, and severely degraded aquatic habitat. Because the objectives for rehabilitation and flood management in urban catchments are often conflicting, a number of types of analyses at both the catchment and the reach scales and careful planning with stakeholder consultation were needed for successful rehabilitation efforts. This included modeling and analysis of catchment hydrology, fluvial geomorphologic assessment, analysis of water quality and aquatic ecology, hydraulic modeling and flood risk evaluation, detailed feasibility studies, and preliminary design to optimize multiple rehabilitation and flood management objectives. The study showed that all of these analyses were needed for integrated rehabilitation and flood management and that some incremental improvements in stream ecological health, aesthetics, and public recreational opportunities could be achieved in this challenging environment. These methods should be considered in a range of types of stream rehabilitation projects.     

防洪新思路－气象工程防洪法初探

针对防治法－水利工程防洪法的缺点,提出一个全新的防洪思路－气象工程防洪法,通过从源头控制引起洪涝灾害的水源－降水的时空分布,达到控制水患灾害和充分合理利用水资源的目的,既可减少灾损,节省用于防洪的大量人力物力财力。