硫酸锰催化法测定高氯根气田水化学需氧量

文章针对高氯根气田水特点,使用硫酸锰代替GB／T11914—1989《水质化学需氧量的测定重铬酸盐法》中的硫酸银作为催化剂,确定了硫酸锰催化法测定化学需氧量的试验条件。分别在4个实验室间开展比对测试,并对川西北气矿3个典型井站高氯根气田水开展现场应用,测定结果的相对偏差均在规定范围内,取得了良好的应用效果。     

Improving visitor management approaches for the changing preferences and behaviours of country park visitors in Hong Kong

This study identified the changing preferences of country park visitors in Hong Kong and the potential for such changes to have further negative impacts on the ecologically sensitive areas of country parks. A questionnaire was used to collect feedback from 644 country park visitors to understand their preferences and visitation patterns. To investigate visitors’ preferences and behaviours and to develop better visitor management strategies, the survey data were compared with studies conducted 20 years ago. The results showed that the most popular nature‐based activities of 20 years ago, namely, picnicking and barbecuing, have significantly declined in popularity, while other activities, namely, nature studies and nature photography, have surged in popularity in recent years. These changes in visitor preferences have directly increased the negative impacts of visitors on country parks as they dispersed away from the high intensity recreation zones to the ecological sensitive areas. This emerging group of country park visitors has not been fully considered in the existing approach to visitor management and may irreversibly impact the ecological value of country parks. In this study, visitor management in Hong Kong's country parks was reviewed based on these research findings, and potential improvements were suggested.     

SMBR-IVCW系统处理高浓度综合污水

为了提高污水处理的质量和效率,将高效的生物处理技术--膜.生物反应器(SMBR)与生态净化技术--复合垂直流人工湿地(IVCW)进行有效复合而成的SMBR-IVCW复合系统应用于高浓度综合污水的高效处理与回用中.通过对不同水力负荷组合条件下SMBR-IVCW系统对污染物净化效果的比较,得到了该复合系统的较好水力组合条件.结果表明,SMBR-IVCW具有良好的净化功效及稳定性,SMBR单元在有机物的去除、硝化作用中起到主要贡献,而IVCW单元在反硝化脱氮、深度除磷等方面进一步补充,两者的有机结合能充分发挥各自的优势,并得到了较优的水力负荷组合条件:SMBR为1000L·d-1,IVCW为375mm·d～;在该条件下.SMBR-IVCW系统总停留时问为19.22h.处理后出水中CODcr、TP、NH 4-N浓度分别为11.0、0.086、0.44mg·L-1,均可达地表水环境质量Ⅲ类标准(GB 3838.2002).SMBR-IVCW系统在此类污水处理方面具有良好的潜力.     

Applying 3DCE to environmentally responsible manufacturing practices

A review of recent literature in the fields of operations, supply chain, and management indicates there is on-going interest in improving new product development (NPD) performance. Three-dimensional concurrent engineering (3DCE), the simultaneous design of product, process and supply chain have been proposed as a way to improve traditional NPD outcomes, such as reduced time to market, lower costs, and improved customer acceptance. There appears to be a lesser concern associated with the environmental impacts of new products. Environmentally responsible manufacturing (ERM) on new product development focuses on reduced emissions, hazardous materials elimination, and lower product weight without sacrificing functionality. This paper explores the following issue: will employing 3DCE to integrate NPD and ERM yield better benefits than the separate and uncoordinated application of environmental goals and NPD initiatives?     

高盐度采油废水生物处理影响因素

采用UASB+SBR法处理某海洋油田产生的采油废水。针对该废水难降解和高盐度的特性,探讨总盐度、Cl-浓度、处理负荷、曝气时间等因素对生物处理过程的影响,为工程设计及实际应用提供科学依据。     

强化水旋澄清池技术处理黄河高浊度水的试验研究

由于兰州段夏季黄河水的浊度较高,直接影响了自来水厂的正常运行,而目前水厂所用工艺无法满足高浊度水的处理要求,因此,采用自主研究开发的具有特殊结构的水旋澄清池对黄河高浊度水进行了强化处理的试验研究。研究结果表明：在多点投药混合方式下,强化水旋澄清池可提高浊度的处理效果;若在投加无机絮凝剂PAC后,再投加有机絮凝剂PAM进行复配作用,不仅可降低无机絮凝剂的用量,节约制水成本,而且提高了自来水厂的出水水质;结果也表明该水旋澄清池技术能够推广应用于黄河高浊度水的强化处理工艺中。     

羧化CTS微球对共存有机污染物的吸附研究

采用反相悬浮法制备交联羧甲基化壳聚糖微球,并用高效液相色谱法-紫外检测研究了改性壳聚糖微球对共存有机污染物的吸附。试验了吸附时间、溶液pH值、有机物的浓度等因素对水中共存有机污染物吸附的影响。结果表明,在有机物浓度相近的情况下,羧化改性壳聚糖微球对水中2,4-二硝基酚的去除量最大。     

发达国家城市环境治理的若干经验

发达国家城市环境治理的经验主要有:完善环境保护法律制度,保证治理措施的有效实施;健全环境管理体系,强化环境行政管理;注意推动自愿性行动来保护环境,积极推动公众参与环境治理;运用经济手段,制定激励奖惩措施,提高环境治理的效率;合理划分环境治理权限,建立权威性的管理机构;大量发展环境教育,通过民众环境保护意识,形成民族心理;加大科技投入,注重科技进步,发展环保产业。这些经验及其教训留给人们诸多启示,值得中国学习与借鉴。     

新农村建设中的环境问题与规划对策

文章对新世纪农村环境问题的内涵进行了探讨,结合新农村规划的实践提出了有针对性的建议与对策,并进一步以新农村建设中产业选择和污水处理问题为例进行了具体的分析研究。     

Ken Burns and American Mythology in The National Parks: America's Best Idea

Ken Burns' series on the national parks reveals the evolving values of the American nation, particularly in relation to nature. Through both the beauty and the history of these set apart spaces, Burns presents and to some extent critiques America's mythic dreams of nature. Nature as new world garden and as frontier shapes the story that is told. This essay focuses on two themes, science and pluralism, and argues the presentation of each (the former with less depth, the latter with more) is constrained by the mythic narrative of pristine America that seems unable to evolve, either in the face of ecological values of interrelationships or pluralistic values that re-shape understandings of democracy. More attention to the problematic of the notion of preservation of pristine America would have enabled the film to speak more powerfully not only of the history of the parks, but also of their future.