伊乐藻-固定化脱氮微生物技术对入贡湖河道脱氮机制的影响

采用无扰动的入贡湖亲水河底泥柱芯以及上覆水进行实验,探究了伊乐藻与固定化脱氮微生物技术对受污染的入贡湖湾河道的生态修复效果.运用稳定性15N同位素配对技术和基于16S rRNA高通量测序技术探讨了伊乐藻与固定化脱氮微生物联用技术(E-INCB)对亲水河底泥的反硝化速率、厌氧氨氧化速率以及脱氮微生物群落多样性的影响.结果表明,添加了伊乐藻与固定化脱氮微生物以后,亲水河水质得到明显改善,TN、NH+4-N、NO-3-N的去除率分别为72.03%、46.67%、76.65%,同时,添加了伊乐藻和固定化脱氮微生物以后,泥水界面的反硝化细菌和厌氧氨氧化细菌表现出协同作用关系,与对照组相比,反硝化速率和厌氧氨氧化速率增加量分别为165μmol·(m2·h)-1和269.7μmol·(m2·h)-1.反硝化细菌与厌氧氨氧化细菌的群落多样性明显增加,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)、酸杆菌门(Acidobbacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)均具有优势增长.沉水植物与固定化脱氮微生物联用技术增强了河道底泥中的脱氮微生物多样性,进一步提高了亲水河的氮素脱除能力.     

华东区域高山背景点PM10 和PM2.5 背景值及污染特征

为了解华东森林及高山背景区域大气中PM10和PM2.5质量浓度的变化特征,选取国家大气背景监测福建武夷山站2011年3月～2012年2月PM10、PM2.5为期1 a的监测数据,研究其浓度变化特征及其影响因子,并利用后向轨迹模式探讨区域输送对背景区域PM10和PM2.5质量浓度的影响.结果表明:华东森林及高山区域现阶段PM10和PM2.5背景浓度分别为(23±16)μg·m-3和(18±12)μg·m-3;PM10和PM2.5浓度具有相同的季节变化特征,即春季>秋季>冬季>夏季,2011年春季武夷山背景点因受沙尘远距离输送影响,PM10和PM2.5浓度明显高于其它三季;武夷山背景地区主要以细粒子为主,PM2.5/PM10年平均比值为0.76;PM10和PM2.5浓度与气体污染物均有较好的相关性,表明PM10和PM2.5可能来源于区域人为污染源的输送和二次粒子转化;2011年4月的污染事件与北方沙尘输送有关,而9月的污染事件主要与华东高污染负荷区的污染物输送有关.     

快速公交车站站台门系统的设置探讨

介绍了快速公交BRT站台半高安全门的设计基本要求及系统的主要构成、运行模式、技术条件并与地铁半高安全门进行了比较,给出了其设计选型的合理建议.     

热水介质＋脱附破乳组剂处理高凝固点油泥的条件研究

通过热水介质添加脱附破乳组剂的方法,研究了辽河油田公司沈阳采油厂油泥分离的相关条件。通过油泥的组分分析、热水介质温度实验、处理时间实验、脱附破乳组剂浓度实验,确定了热水介质添加脱附破乳组剂实现油泥分离的条件:脱附破乳组剂浓度为15.0 g/L、洗涤温度50℃、洗涤时间大于5 min。     

高效液相方法同时测定地表水中的阿特拉津和甲萘葳

主要研究用反相高效液相色谱法同时测定水样中的阿特拉津和甲萘葳。结果表明,低浓度水样：可取500ml,加入5%的氯化钠,经一定量的二氯甲烷萃取、浓缩、甲醇定容后,上机测定;高浓度水样：可将水样过滤后直接进样测定。该方法的阿特拉津和甲萘葳检出限分别为0.006μg/L和0.036μg/L,加标回收率分别可达74.2%~11...     

Social impact of the 2004 Manawatu floods and the 'hollowing out' of rural New Zealand

The Manawatu floods of 2004 have had significant, long-lasting social consequences. This paper draws on findings from a series of detailed surveys of 39 farm households directly affected by the floods and 17 individuals directly involved in managing the flood recovery programme. The nature of the impact on rural families highlights how the 'hollowing out' of rural New Zealand has changed the capacity of rural communities to respond to natural hazards and increased their sense of isolation. In addition, the floods exposed the vulnerability of rural communities. This is shown to have implications for policies designed to build resilience and improve responses to adverse events, including the need to support local, community initiatives on self-reliance and mutual support. Approaches to manage better long-term flood risks should be designed within a context of ongoing rural decline that has compromised the health of both individuals and communities.     

长江中下游地区高温热害对水稻的影响

以长江中下游地区的气象资料和水稻生长发育观测资料为基础,应用WOFOST作物模型模拟了不同发育时段高温热害对早稻和中稻生长发育及产量的影响,评估了长江中下游地区高温热害对水稻的影响程度.研究表明:高温主要影响早稻和中稻的孕穗、开花和灌浆,受高温影响减产程度依次为灌浆期最大,开花期次之,孕穗期最小;当高温强度和持续日数增...     

High‐performer turnover and firm performance: The moderating role of human capital investment and firm reputation

Research has shown a complex relationship between turnover and firm performance. Not only does it matter who leaves (e.g., high‐performing versus low‐performing employees), but the context also stands to influence this effect in complex ways. We apply human capital theory, social capital theory, and the cost–benefit perspective to propose two boundary conditions to the high‐performer turnover and firm performance relationship. Specifically, we predict that the negative impact of high‐performer turnover on firm performance will be the strongest for reputable firms and for firms who invest less in human capital (e.g., selection, training, and incentive‐based pay). We present data from 155 South Korean firms that support the hypothesized model. We discuss findings in terms of current and future theory, practical implications, and subsequent research needs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高位钻孔与采空区埋管瓦斯抽放技术对比研究

为了采取合理的瓦斯抽采技术,实现矿井安全高效开采,对朱集煤矿13—1煤层实行高位钻孔以及上隅角采空区埋管作为抽采瓦斯实验方案。通过对现场工程实践以及实测数据进行对比分析,得出了实验结果。结果表明：应用高位钻孔瓦斯抽采技术的抽采效果十分明显,且工程施工费用较低,易于生产管理,该抽采技术适用于朱集煤矿采空区瓦斯抽放。