上海世博会能源中心噪声控制执行标准的探讨

为了解决世博会能源中心噪声污染问题,根据国家现有相关标准,结合其临时设施的特点,对世博会能源中心噪声源及其可执行的标准进行分析讨论,提出具有可操作性和经济合理性的噪声治理方案-采用单-60 dB(A)排放限值标准,以噪声敏感目标边界外1m作为噪声源控制边界;这样既不影响能源中心设备正常运转,也实现了对噪声的有效控制.     

铁锋区噪声污染现状浅析

铁锋区经济的迅速发展,推动了辖区的机械加工业、餐饮业、建筑业的迅猛发展,随之而来的噪声污染环境问题有上升的趋势。本文结合铁锋区的实际情况,对辖区噪声现状进行分析,然后提出了具体的解决办法。     

改建铁路噪声污染的“以新带老”措施探讨

以沈阳至哈尔滨铁路提速改造工程（长大K410-长大K580＋400）为例,探讨改建铁路环评过程中,对于不同的路段如何确定噪声污染防治原则;如何结合实际,落实噪声污染防治的“以新带老”措施。并根据改建铁路工程具体情况和铁路沿线环境敏感点分布情况,提出了具体的噪声污染防治原则和污染防治措施。预测结果表明,实施这一原则与方案,既可以保证改建路段沿线环境质量达标,又使得既有路段沿线环境质量有所提高。本文认为,根据中国国情,改建铁路噪声污染防治的“以新带老”措施不能一步到位,但必须制定达标计划,实施逐步提高。     

交通噪声在临街建筑群间传播中衍射的影响

本文利用光学中的Ｈｕｇｅｎｓ－Ｆｒｅｓｎｌ原理和Ｋｉｒ－ｃｈｏｆ近似理论,建立了由点声源组成的随机车辆流模型,探讨声波通过屏障间狭缝的衍射,从而确定交通噪声对临街建筑群中某测点的贡献     

彩色夹心板在噪声治理中的应用

在噪声治理中,采用彩色夹心板作隔声构件,在武汉总厂涂装分厂制冷站应用成功,用响度指数这个绝对数表示,治理前后噪声总响度降低79.65%,隔声效果非常好,达到了预期的目的.     

Noise annoyance from industrial and road traffic combined noises: A survey and a total annoyance model comparison

The literature on noise annoyance emphasizes that acoustical factors cannot totally explain the annoyance felt by a population exposed to community noises, and that some non-acoustical factors have an effect on annoyance. This research paper deals with the annoyance caused by combined noises coming from road traffic and an industrial site. This type of combination has been very little studied to date. An in situ study was conducted in an area of a French town exposed to these two noise sources. To investigate the annoyance caused by these combined noises, the work involved both a mapping of the industrial and road traffic noises present in the survey area and a questionnaire designed to evaluate the noise annoyance experienced by residents and to identify the factors that probably influence noise annoyance. The results highlight the link between the noise levels measured and the annoyance felt by the respondents. They also show that certain non-acoustical factors have an impact on annoyance felt. Indeed, the results highlight a positive correlation between fear of industrial sites and the annoyance expressed. They also show correlations between some items to evaluate noise sensitivity and the annoyance expressed. No significant correlation has been found between annoyance and the other non-acoustical factors such as age, sex and length of residence. Finally, several total annoyance models were tested for this noise combination. Two of them, namely the strongest component model and a proposed perceptual version of the mixed model, were able to better predict total annoyance than the other tested models.     

Calibrating and monitoring the western gray whale mitigation zone and estimating acoustic transmission during a 3D seismic survey, Sakhalin Island, Russia

A 3D marine seismic survey of the Odoptu license area off northeastern Sakhalin Island, Russia, was conducted by DalMorNefteGeofizika (DMNG) on behalf of Exxon Neftegas Limited and the Sakhalin-1 consortium during mid-August through early September 2001. The key environmental issue identified in an environmental impact assessment was protection of the critically endangered western gray whale (Eschrichtius robustus), which spends the summer–fall open water period feeding off northeast Sakhalin Island in close proximity to the seismic survey area. Seismic mitigation and monitoring guidelines and recommendations were developed and implemented to reduce impacts on the feeding activity of western gray whales. Results of the acoustic monitoring program indicated that the noise monitoring and mitigation program was successful in reducing exposure of feeding western gray whales to seismic noise.     

纺织厂车间噪声的灰色GIM（1）预测模型

利用灰色ＧＩＭ（１）模型的非时序直接建模法原理,对纺织厂织造车间的环境噪声分别建立了等间隔和不等间隔的非时序预测模型。实测研究表明ＧＩＭ（１）模型优于常规ＧＭ（１,１）模型,且所需建模数据大为减少,预测精度更高（达９９．９９％）,从而拓宽了灰色预测的适用范围。     

从竣工环境保护验收调查分析公路噪声环评的有效性

从所选的40条公路的竣工环境保护验收报告入手,对公路建成后与环境影响评价阶段噪声敏感点的数量变化、噪声实测值与环评预测值的差异、实际的噪声防治措施与环评确定措施的差异进行了对比分析.结果表明,以上3个方面在公路建成后与环评阶段均存在较大变化,公路噪声环境影响评价的有效性亟待提高.造成这一状况的主要原因包括项目投资机制、运营期相关条件变化等.通过分析,提出了实现全过程的环境影响评价与管理、提高预测的准确性及增强防噪措施的可操作性等促进环评有效性的相关对策建议.     

德阳市区域环境噪声普查优化布点方法研究

本文通过对德阳市区域环境噪声普查优化布点方法的研究,提出了一种简便、快速、实用的区域环境噪声普查优化布点方法。