新疆玛纳斯河流域农业水资源可利用潜力分析

结合新疆玛纳斯河流域水文水资源、种植结构和节水技术发展等资料,从开源、节流两方面对流域近期(至2010年)、中远期(2010-2030年)农业水资源极限潜力、可挖掘潜力进行了估算。结果表明,就目前水资源的利用水平和开发趋势,玛纳斯河流域未来农业水资源的主要利用途径是开源与节流相结合,以节流为主。全流域尚有的农业灌溉水资源极限潜力为10.75×10⁸m³,近期农业水资源可挖掘潜力为2.13×10⁸m³,其中开源增水潜力0.40×10⁸m³,占18.8%,节流增水潜力1.73×10⁸m³,占81.2%;中远期农业水资源可挖掘潜力5.33×10⁸m³,其中开源增水潜力1.12×10⁸m³,占21.0%,节流增水潜力4.21×10⁸m³,占79.0%。该研究对区域制订节水灌溉规划及水资源系统优化配置具有重要参考价值。     

干旱区城市水资源开发与环境保护

水资源是干旱区生态环境中最活跃的因子，城市是自然系统与人工系统耦合成的大系统，也是地下水高度集中开发的地区。地下水是干旱区城市的主要供水水源。文章从内蒙古自治区城市水资源供需现状出发，阐述了城市水资源开发带来的环境问题，重点探讨了城市地下水超采对周边地区环境的影响。最后提出了城市水资源开发与环境保护对策措施。     

长江南通段污染带影响因素研究

通过建立应用贴体坐标系和有限体积法求解的二维水流－水质方程的模型，对潮汐河口南通段污染带的影响因素进行研究。揭示了水深、水面比降、纵向及横向混合系数以及污染物的排放时段与污染带范围的相关关系，并进行了各影响因素的灵敏度分析，对灵敏度大小进行了排序：水深＞水面比降＞横向混合系数＞纵向混合系数＞排放时段。     

浅析沘江水体污染

Bi江水质已为劣V类，主要污染物为Pb,Zn,Cd,As,Hg等重金属，主要污染源是上游的兰坪铅锌矿。水污染已对Bi江两岸人民的生活，生产和健康造成极大影响。目前条件下一要侧重生物多样性保护，治理水土流失，恢复和重建生态环境，二要侧重工业污染防治。     

河流沉积物重金属污染质量控制基准的研究 Ⅰ.C-B-T质量三合一方法(Triad)

在综合数据库ＣＥＲＰ－ＤＢＭＳ支持下，利用水体沉积物质量三合一工具，初步建立江西乐安江表层沉积物中重金属污染的质量控制基准。通过将化学分析、毒性鉴定２和底栖群落结构变化三基元集成为一体的三轴图和相应的响应信息判断矩阵，基于现场生物响应的重金属污染的剂量－响应关系。     

水质模拟及趋势分析

根据洛河、伊河河流及流经地区特征 ,选择具有代表性的断面 ,选用一维河流有限差分水质模型 ,计算洛河、伊河 1 995～2 0 0 0年主要断面污染物浓度 ,并对其进行评价。采用季节性肯达尔检验法 ,对计算出的洛河、伊河 1 995～ 2 0 0 0年主要断面污染物浓度进行趋势分析 ,并分析其变化特征及形成原因     

Spatial distribution of ecological security status assessment of West-Liaohe River based on geographic information system

Eco-security assessment is a hot research area in resource and environmental science, which involves data with much spatial, non-linear, and random features. Geographic information system (GIS), as a useful tool to analyze and manage spatial information, has a superior advantage in this field. A case study in the western part of the Liaohe River featuring a method of eco-security spatial differences (ESSD) based on GIS is developed in this paper. The method includes four steps: 1) developing the pressure-state-response (P-S-R) framework with site data; 2) digitizing West-Liaohe River and setting its GRID database of ecosecurity assessment indicators; 3) figuring out the relative membership degree (RMD) of eco-security indicators by using the analytical hierarchy process with the weight of indicator; 4) classifying the security zone and mapping the assessment result of eco-security status in grid by GIS method of assigning and clustering. The visual spatial differences of eco-security based on GIS enables decision makers to know the status of eco-security better in making policies for achieving sustainability. __________ Translated from Environmental Science, 2005, 26(5): 28–33 [译自: 环境科学]     

嘉定城区河流水质现状评价及污染防治对策

通过对嘉定中心城区河流的水质现状调查和评价，提出了引清排污、加强市政措施等污染防治对策。     

Heavy metal adsorption on the Le An River sediment —The adsorption model

In this study,the surface properties and adsorption properties of the Le An River sediment were modelled via surface complexation approach.The model parameters were determined based on the data of our potentiometric titration experiments and the metal adsorption experiments with the Le An River sediment samples.Consequently,the surface complexation models for the natural sediment,in our case the Le An River sediments,which can interpret the experimental data very well were successfully established.Three typical surface complexation models that is the constant capacitance model,the diffuse layer model and the triple layer model,were considered in this research.This work indicated that the consistency and the interdependency among model parameters together with the selection of the surface adsorbed species should be emphasized.     

铁屑内电解法处理含铬电镀综合废水分析

电镀行业废水对人类的生存环境造成的严重危害，越来越为社会所重视．利用铁屑内电解法处理含铬电镀综合废水．经实验结果证明；在适宜的运行条件下，出水完全可以达到排放标准，而且达到了以废治废的目的．