汽车内装饰材料挥发性有机物GC-MS测定和分析

采用恒温测试箱法采集汽车内部装饰材料释放的挥发性有机物,利用Nutech预浓缩仪对样品进行三级VOC富集,然后用GC-MS法(气相色谱-质谱法)对汽车内部装饰材料释放的挥发性有机物苯、甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、苯乙烯进行了测定,检出限低于2.0μg/m3。实验选择皮革表皮、橡胶密封条、灰色无纺布、海棉和仪表盘五种汽车内部装饰材料,进行挥发性有机物含量的测定,并对结果进行了分析和讨论。结果表明五种汽车内部装饰材料均不同程度地释放挥发性有机物,其中热塑性材料仪表盘释放出的TVOC含量最高,橡胶密封条的TVOC释放量也较高,皮革表皮和灰色无纺布释放的甲苯较多,而消音材料海绵主要释放出二甲苯。汽车内部装饰材料释放挥发性有机物的情况复杂,因此,探索和建立有效的汽车内部装饰材料有害物质检测方法,对于选择低毒环保的汽车内部装饰材料非常有意义。     

废电路板非金属材料再生利用技术现状分析

废电路板金属成分分离回收过程中产生了占其质量近50%～80%的非金属材料废物,其已成为电子废物处理的难题。文章首先对废电路板非金属材料的产生特性、处理和处置、资源化利用技术和方法现状进行了对比分析。在此基础上,结合对非金属材料的来源特征、成分组成和界面微观特性等各方面分析研究,提出了非金属材料制备复合材料再生利用的技术工艺方案。     

曝气生物流化床反应器技术研究

介绍了曝气生物流化床反应器（ABFT）的机理、结构、核心技术及应用。     

煤矸石砖在生态建筑中应用的市场潜力

通过分析煤矸石堆积所带来的环境问题以及在煤矸石砖与传统的黏土砖进行比较的基础上,从经济效益、环境效益以及社会效益几个方面分析了煤矸石砖在生态建筑中的应用前景,说明了煤矸石砖在生态建筑中应用的市场潜力是无穷的。     

铁离子掺杂TiO2薄膜光催化降解无水肼废水的研究

研究Fe^3＋掺杂的TiO2薄膜对无水脐废水光催化降解作用,考察了影响Fe^3＋掺杂的TiO2薄膜光催化降解无水肼废水的效果的相关因素,结果表明：当Fe^3＋掺杂TiO2薄膜的摩尔分数为0．5％,煅烧温度为500℃,煅烧时间为3h,并且无水肼废水为中性或弱碱性,催化降解温度在30℃左右时,Fe^3＋掺杂的TiO2薄膜的催化效果最好。     

浅议“创模”指标的变化与发展

根据“十五”、“十一五”期间“创模”指标体系,分析了各阶段指标体系差异和变化,而最新的指标体系能更全面地反映环境质量。同时,“创模”指标的变化趋势分析表明,“创模”指标的发展必然是反映当时的环保工作重点,“创模”的基本条件门槛会不断提升,“创模”指标的内涵会不断丰富,以确保国家环境保护模范城市的先进性和示范性。     

Surprising cooperation despite apparently irreconcilable differences: Agricultural water use efficiency and CALFED

Much has been said about the need and benefits of consensus building for resolving disagreements about water and environmental management. Less has been said about how to better convene and facilitate those processes. This paper focuses on the latter, examining the challenges and breakthroughs encountered when decision-makers convene consensus building processes that seek an agreement among stakeholders who believe they have “apparently irreconcilable differences.” The research described here analyzes two multi-stakeholder, collaborative processes convened by the CALFED Bay-Delta Program (CALFED) on the issue of agricultural water use efficiency in the Sacramento and San Joaquin river watersheds of California. The first process made very little progress; however, stakeholder representatives in the second were able to forge an agreement that included significant innovation and surprising risk taking by all sides. Analyzing the two processes, this paper shows that the stakeholders, conveners, and facilitators in these processes had to do much more than make the discrete trades across interests envisioned in consensus building theory or reframing as described in theories about conflict and frames. Looking at the data, this paper shows how several concepts from outside consensus building—including boundary objects and interlanguage—along with less well-known concepts and issues within the consensus building literature—bricolage and representation—can provide insights into how the Steering Committee accomplished what it did. This paper introduces these additional concepts, how they mattered in this CALFED process, and suggests a complex set of interrelated insights into how future collaborative and integrative environmental programs can approach the most difficult environmental policy and management conflicts.     

HAP/UV催化降解活性艳蓝K-3R的研究

用化学沉淀法合成羟基磷灰石(HAP),并用XRD、SEM、FT-IR对其进行分析。以活性艳蓝K-3R为降解底物,研究HAP对其光催化降解性能。探讨了HAP煅烧温度、通气量、投加量、初始浓度等因素对光催化降解活性艳蓝K-3R效果的影响。研究表明化学沉淀法合成的HAP粒度均匀,HAP对活性艳蓝的吸附作用较强,30min之内即能达到吸附平衡,其对初始浓度为100mg/L的活性艳蓝的吸附率可达17.5%。适当的煅烧有利于提高HAP的催化活性,以200℃煅烧2h最佳。在投加量为4g/L,鼓气量为300L/h和pH=6的试验条件下,HAP(200℃)对初始浓度为100mg/L的活性艳蓝K-3R 3h的降解率达68%。降解反应动力学研究表明,HAP/UV光催化降解活性艳蓝K-3R的过程符合Langmuir-Hinshel-wood一级动力学方程,降解速率常数k随着活性艳蓝K-3R浓度的增大而减小。     

天然矿物材料处理重金属废水研究进展

本文着重阐述不同的天然矿物材料在处理含重金属废水中的应用,并对矿物材料在含重金属废水处理中存在的问题和应用前景进行了分析与展望。     

海南省环境监测能力建设重点发展方向探讨

简述了我国环境监测能力建设现状及其对海南省的启示,分析了海南省环境监测能力建设目前存在的问题。阐述了海南省环境监测能力建设发展思路,提出以提高监测队伍素质为突破口,建立符合实际的环境监测管理体系,建立环境预警监测网络体系,发挥优势突出特色环境监测和强化环境监测质量管理体系建设等重点方向,并提出加强环境监测能力建设的对策和措施。