用次氯酸钠法处理选矿废水

采用次氯酸钠法处理铅锌硫化矿选矿废水,考察了废水初始pH、NaClO加入量及反应时间对选矿废水COD去除率的影响。在废水pH为4、NaClO加入量为100g/L、反应时间为30min的条件下,选矿废水的COD去除率可达到98．3％;当pH为11、反应时间为10min、NaClO加入量为1g/L时,选矿废水的COD去除率为39．4％。     

用环己烷氧化副产物制备浮选剂

在固体酸催化剂作用下,用环己烷氧化制备环己酮的副产物——酸性油和轻质油进行酯化反应,制备了羧酸混合酯,酯化反应的最佳工艺条件：n（C4-C5醇）：n（有机羧酸）=1．2：1,催化剂质量分数为1．5％,反应温度为110-160℃,反应时间为5h。经应用评价结果表明,该羧酸混合酯是一种性能优异的选煤浮选剂。     

生物浮选法处理含油污泥

利用从石油污染物中分离的一组微生物菌株对胜利油田含油污泥进行了生物浮选处理,探讨了处理过程中温度、稀释率、投加菌量及加糖量等因子对油去除率的影响及组合菌株与单一菌株处理效果的差异。通过实验获得生物浮选最佳运行参数为:温度40℃,稀释率98%,加菌量3.75%,加糖量0.25%,在该参数运行条件下,原油去除率可达95%以上。使用混合菌株进行生物浮选有利于回收原油中含油量的提高。     

蜡防印花生产废水处理工程扩改设计

对蜡防印花生产废水处理工程进行扩改设计,实际结果表明:机械洗蜡废水分流后经双级气浮处理,蜡回收率和处理水回用率可达90%以上;皂化脱蜡废水分流后采用酸化-气浮处理,蜡回收率可达95%以上,出水与印花水洗废水经微电解脱色,脱色率可达85%以上;混合废水经混凝气浮-生物接触氧化-沉淀-过滤组合工艺处理,出水达标排放。该处理工艺效率高,效果稳定,经济效益和环境效益高。     

钙法提钒尾渣的浮选脱硫试验

根据钙法提钒尾渣的矿物特性,采用浮选法分离其中的石膏以实现脱硫,分别考察了矿浆pH、矿浆液固比、捕收剂添加量及浮选中水循环次数等因素对浮选指标的影响,并进行了理论分析,确定了钙法提钒尾渣浮选脱硫的优选工艺参数.试验结果表明,在矿浆pH为7、矿浆液固比为5:1、捕收剂添加量为0.6～0.8 kg/t的条件下,可获得w(S...     

Transformations of particles, metal elements and natural organic matter in different water treatment processes

Characterizing natural organic matter （NOM）, particles and elements in different water treatment processes can give a useful information to optimize water treatment operations. In this article, transformations of particles, metal elements and NOM in a pilot-scale water treatment plant were investigated by laser light granularity system, particle counter, glass-fiber membrane filtration, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, ultra filtration and resin absorbents fractionation. The results showed that particles, NOM and trihalomethane formation precursors were removed synergistically by sequential treatment of different processes. Preozonation markedly changed the polarity and molecular weight of NOM, and it could be conducive to the following coagulation process through destabilizing particles and colloids; mid-ozonation enhanced the subsequent granular activated carbon （GAC） filtration process by decreasing molecular weight of organic matters. Coagulation-flotation and GAC were more efficient in removing fixed suspended solids and larger particles; while sand-filtration was more efficient in removing volatile suspended solids and smaller particles. Flotation performed better than sedimentation in terms of particle and NOM removal. The type of coagulant could greatly affect the performance of coagulation-flotation. Pre-hydrolyzed composite coagulant （HPAC） was superior to FeCl3 concerning the removals of hydrophobic dissolved organic carbon and volatile suspended solids. The leakages of flocs from sand-filtration and microorganisms from GAC should be mitigated to ensure the reliability of the whole treatment system.     

Liquefaction process for a hydrothermally treated waste mixture containing plastics

Most landfilled plastic waste is a mixture or is in the form of composites with incombustible wastes such as glass, metals, and ceramics. After hydrothermal treatment, including a steam-explosion process, the separation of mixed waste (MW) into organic and inorganic substances becomes easy. However, the effect of hydrothermal pretreatment on the subsequent liquefaction of organic substances from MW is not obvious. In this study, the effects on the liquefaction of polystyrene and high-density polyethylene are discussed. Moreover, optimum conditions for the liquefaction of organic substances from hydrothermally treated MW are identified. By means of this hydrothermal pretreatment, including the steam-explosion process, polystyrene and high-density polyethylene can be significantly converted to oil by liquefaction at 300°–400°C. In comparison with liquefaction of hydrothermally pretreated mixed waste (HMW) at 300°–400°C with a batch type reactor, the yield of oil increases significantly on liquefaction using a semi-batch type reactor. It is considered that the radical chain and termination reactions among the radicals from HMW were inhibited in the semi-batch type reactor. On liquefaction of HMW in a semi-batch reactor, the conversion of HMW to oil was enhanced on increasing the liquefaction temperature to 350°C and the holding time to 60 min. Chemical Feedstock Recycling & Other Innovative Recycling Techniques 6     

混凝一气浮控制三卤甲烷生成势的研究

研究了混凝一气浮工艺对不同分子量区间三卤甲烷生成势（trihalomethanes formation potential,THMFP）的去除效果及絮体形态对THMFP去除效果的影响。结果表明,混凝一气浮工艺以去除大分子量区间THMFP为主,对小分子量区间THMFP的去除效果较差。UV254值与THMFP值的线性相关系数为0．9449,UV254值可以较好地反映THMFP的含量。絮体的分形维数为1．17～1．2时,孔隙率较大,可增加絮体对THMFP的活性吸附空间,且絮体相对密度较小,可增强同向絮凝作用,增加絮体和THMFP的接触概率,有利于气浮对THMFP的去除。     

含泥钾矿浮选分离技术研究

从钾矿性质和浮选技术2个方面对盐湖含泥钾矿进行资源化利用研究,首先运用X射线荧光光谱、X射线衍射和扫描电镜对含泥钾矿的矿泥化学组成及其结构特征进行了分析,其次选用盐酸十八胺和煤油为浮选药剂,对浮选法脱除钾矿中泥进行了研究.结果表明,盐湖矿泥中70%以上为以长石、粘土和粉砂等为主的硅铝酸盐;矿泥多充填包裹于盐类矿物粒晶间...     

混凝-气浮-加压曝气工艺处理屠宰废水

高浓度生猪屠宰废水属难治理工业废水.采用混凝-气浮-加压曝气工艺处理屠宰废水,经生产实践证明,出水水质可达到<肉类加工工业水污染物排放标准>(GB13457-92)中的一级标准.