高浓度亚麻沤制废水处理及再生回用

沤麻废水是亚麻沤制过程中产生的高浓度有机废水,采用“气浮-氧化沟-稳定塘”组合工艺处理沤麻废水,系统出水指标优于设计标准;同时工程中采用了深度处理工艺,再生水直接回用沤麻,实现了企业内部水资源的良性循环。     

小型CAF气浮设备处理滇池含藻水的试验研究

采用自制的小型涡凹型气浮(CAF)设备处理滇池含藻水,结果表明,在气浮时间为1min,分离时间为6min的条件下,聚硅硫酸铁铝(PFASSI)用量为40mg/L时,对藻类和浊度的净化效率最大分别为801%和786%;在聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)的用量为2mg/L时,对藻类和浊度的净化效率分别为959%和932%。使用PFASSI(20mg/L)和PAM(1mg/L)的组合絮凝剂时,滇池含藻水的含藻量由557mg/L降到557mg/L,浊度由375度降到27度,二者的去除率分别为99%和928%。     

芬顿阴极-电凝聚臭氧气浮工艺处理MBR出水特性

为去除垃圾渗滤液MBR出水有机物,以铝(Al)为阳极,碳聚四氟乙烯(C-PTFE)为阴极构建了芬顿阴极-电凝聚臭氧气浮工艺,通过与常规电絮凝阴极(Al和SS)对比,探明了该工艺对垃圾渗滤液MBR膜出水的去除特性.结果表明:在pH5和臭氧流量为300mL/min时,芬顿阴极体系相比于SS和Al阴极体系对COD的去除率分别...     

新型竖流气浮反应器工作性能与应用研究

根据紊流气浮理论,开发了一种新型竖流气浮反应器,试验研究了它的工作性能以及实际应用效果.该反应器采用气液混合泵作为溶气设备,分离区内原水与溶气水逆向流动,采用水力方式排渣.试验结果表明,溶气效率随工作压力和吸气量的增大丽增大,但同时大气泡也会随之增多;试验条件下微气泡平均尺寸为50 μm左右,工作压力对释放的微气泡尺寸影响不大;分离区高度影响气泡-絮体共聚悬浮层的厚度和稳定性,进而影响处理效果.应用新型竖流气浮反应器处理实际的乳品废水和机械加工废水,COD去除率分别达到50%和75%以上,SS去除率超过85%.新型竖流气浮反应器作为小型污水处理设备,具有良好的可应用性.     

含高藻水处理技术探析

含氮、磷等营养物质的污水和工农业生产污水流入水体后宜导致水体富营养化,促使藻类过度繁殖,影响城市供水水质.湖泊、水库的富营养化引起蓝藻水华污染问题,对饮用水安全形成了严重危害,藻类的去除技术日益成为给水处理中的一个重要课题.文章探讨了常用的混凝除藻、预氧化法、气浮法、生物法及多种组合工艺进行除藻的方法,认为组合工艺可有效去除藻类、藻毒素,使出水稳定、水质安全性提高.同时,还提出了突发性藻类污染的防治方法和措施.     

混凝-溶气气浮装置预处理ABS树脂废水

针对ABS树脂生产废水中乳胶状悬浮物难以去除的现状,采用混凝-溶气气浮装置进行了预处理实验研究.结果表明,铝盐复配药剂和阳离子型PAM共同作用对废水中的乳胶状悬浮物具有极好的破乳絮凝效果,且在原水pH值为5、铝盐复配药剂投加量为100 mg/L、PAM投加量为2.5 mg/L、溶气水回流比为40%和水力停留时间为15 min条件下,该装置对ABS树脂生产废水中的浊度去除率达95%以上,COD去除率达50%以上,达到后续生化处理对进水的要求,且运行稳定,在胶乳废水处理领域有着广阔的应用前景.     

臭氧气浮工艺处理城市合流制溢流污染

合流制溢流(CSO)污水具有水质水量波动大、非连续产生的特点,采用臭氧气浮技术对CSO污水进行处理,研究该技术对化学需氧量(COD)、总磷(TP)、悬浮固体(SS)等污染指标的控制效果。实验室小试结果表明,在最适工艺条件下,混凝-臭氧同步处理对CSO实际污水SS、TP、COD去除率分别为77.8%、73.6%和57.9%,显著削弱了腐殖质类有机物荧光强度,混凝与臭氧氧化之间表现出良好的协同作用,能够实现CSO污染的有效控制。进一步设计了臭氧气浮撬装式设备,并在武汉市开展了CSO处理现场实验研究,运行结果表明,臭氧气浮工艺系统对SS、TP、COD的平均去除率分别为81.8%、75.4%和61.7%,净化效果良好,实现了对CSO典型污染物的协同治理。通过实验室研究和工程实验结果,证实了臭氧气浮工艺用于CSO污水治理的工程可行性,上述研究结果可为CSO污水的多水质目标协同控制提供理论指导和技术参考。     

Environmental evaluation of plastic waste management scenarios

The management of the plastic fraction is one of the most debated issues in the discussion on integrated municipal solid waste systems. Both material and energy recovery can be performed on such a waste stream, and different separate collection schemes can be implemented. The aim of the paper is to contribute to the debate, based on the analysis of different plastic waste recovery routes. Five scenarios were defined and modelled with a life cycle assessment approach using the EASEWASTE model. In the baseline scenario (P0) the plastic is treated as residual waste and routed partly to incineration with energy recovery and partly to mechanical biological treatment. A range of potential improvements in plastic management is introduced in the other four scenarios (P1–P4). P1 includes a source separation of clean plastic fractions for material recycling, whereas P2 a source separation of mixed plastic fraction for mechanical upgrading and separation into specific polymer types, with the residual plastic fraction being down-cycled and used for “wood items”. In P3 a mixed plastic fraction is source separated together with metals in a “dry bin”. In P4 plastic is mechanically separated from residual waste prior to incineration.A sensitivity analysis on the marginal energy was carried out. Scenarios were modelled as a first step assuming that marginal electricity and heat were based on coal and on a mix of fuels and then, in the sensitivity analysis, the marginal energy was based on natural gas.The study confirmed the difficulty to clearly identify an optimal strategy for plastic waste management. In fact none of the examined scenarios emerged univocally as the best option for all impact categories. When moving from the P0 treatment strategy to the other scenarios, substantial improvements can be obtained for “Global Warming”. For the other impact categories, results are affected by the assumption about the substituted marginal energy. Nevertheless, irrespective of the assumptions on marginal energy, scenario P4, which implies the highest quantities of specific polymer types sent to recycling, resulted the best option in most impact categories.     

化学药剂对吸入式气浮净化机除油浮选动力学的影响

本研究在实验室装置上着重考察了化学药剂对吸入式气浮净化机除油浮选动力学的影响。研究结果表明化学药剂对浮选速率常数有明显影响,不同化学药剂及用量其影响效果不同。     

混凝-气浮控制三卤甲烷生成势的研究

研究了混凝一气浮工艺对不同分子量区间三卤甲烷生成势（trihalomethanes formation potential,THMFP）的去除效果及絮体形态对THMFP去除效果的影响。结果表明,混凝一气浮工艺以去除大分子量区间THMFP为主,对小分子量区间THMFP的去除效果较差。UV254值与THMFP值的线性相关系数为0．9449,UV254值可以较好地反映THMFP的含量。絮体的分形维数为1．17～1．2时,孔隙率较大,可增加絮体对THMFP的活性吸附空间,且絮体相对密度较小,可增强同向絮凝作用,增加絮体和THMFP的接触概率,有利于气浮对THMFP的去除。