废旧电路板的组成与解离特性研究

废旧印刷电路板是电子废弃物的重要组成部分,含有大量金属、玻璃纤维增强树脂、塑料等有回收利用价值的组分,但处理不当会产生严重污染。在分析中,对细碎到粒度为5mm以下的废旧电路板物料中有价资源的赋存状态和解离特性进行了系统的研究,发现金属与非金属的基本解离粒度为1 2mm,解离度为55. 51%;塑料与其他金属(除铜、铁外)是0. 5mm以上废旧电路板物料中的主要组分,树脂与铜是0 .5mm以下物料中的主要组分;物料中平均金属含量为23. 80%,平均铜含量为5. 78%。     

废旧电脑主板元器件拆卸技术概述

拆卸废旧电脑主板上的元器件是废旧电脑板卡资源化的一个重要工序。介绍了电脑主板的组成及元器件贴装技术，分析了国内外电路板元器件拆卸技术的发展，并对研究高效无损的元器件拆卸技术提出了建议。     

曝气生物流化床反应器深度处理印刷电路板废水脱氮效能研究

印刷电路板生产废水成分复杂,处理难度大。其中,深度脱氮是该类废水处理的难点。本文应用曝气生物流化床反应器处理印刷电路板废水,研究反应器的脱氮效能,分析反应器中p H值的变化对脱氮效果的影响。     

碱性蚀刻废液处理方式的比较研究

碱性蚀刻废液是一种铜含量高、废液浓度较高的工业废水,对其回收利用具有较高的经济价值和环境效益。简要介绍、比较分析了碱性蚀刻废液实用的两种处理方式。在线方式可实现碱性蚀刻液再生和金属铜的回收,而线外方式可回收多种铜盐。从资源循环、环境效益角度分析,在线方式将具有广阔的应用前景。     

机载电子设备印制电路板环境适应性研究

目的考察机载电子设备印制电路板在西沙环境下的环境适应性。方法开展西沙海洋环境下2种印制电路板的棚下暴露实验,暴晒实验时间为3年,分别通过外观、绝缘电阻、耐压性、品质因数研究其老化特点。结果两类印制电路板样品的绝缘电阻和品质因数呈总体下降趋势,PCB2的绝缘电阻下降相对较小,PCB1样本耐电压测试出现击穿并有明显的腐蚀情况。结论 PCB2工艺体系的环境适应性能好于PCB1,在机载电子设备印制电路板选用过程中推荐优先。     

Thermogravimetric pyrolysis of waste polyethylene-terephthalate and polystyrene: A critical assessment of kinetics modelling

Pyrolysis is considered as possible technique to thermally convert waste plastics into chemicals and energy. Literature on experimental findings is extensive, although experiments are mostly performed in a dynamic heating mode, using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and at low values of the heating rate (mostly below 30 K/min). The present research differs from literature through the application of far higher heating rates, up to 120 K/min. The use of these dynamic results to define the reaction kinetics necessitates the selection of an appropriate reaction mechanism, and 21 models have been proposed in literature considering the rate limiting step being diffusion, nucleation or the reaction itself.The current research studied the cracking of PET and PS by TGA at different heating rates (temperature ramps). Results were used to check the validity of the proposed mechanisms. Several conclusions are drawn: (i) to obtain fair results, the heating ramp should exceed a minimum value, calculated at 30 K/min for PET and 80 K/min for PS; (ii) application of the majority of the models to experimental findings demonstrated that they do not meet fundamental kinetic considerations and are questionable in their use; and (iii) simple models, with reaction order 1 or 2, provide similar results of the reaction activation energy.A further comparison with literature data for dynamic and isothermal experiments confirms the validity of these selected models. Since TGA results are obtained on a limited amount of sample, with results being a strong function of the applied heating rate, the authors believe that isothermal experiments, preferably on a large scale both towards equipment and/or sample size, are to be preferred.     

陶瓷过滤机用复合过滤板高效节能机理探析

复合过滤板（CFB）是近年来发展起来的一种新型废水处理工艺。介绍了复合过滤板在废水处理中的应用优势,并初步阐述了其在化工、矿山、煤炭行业废水中的处理效果。     

废电路板非金属材料再生木塑产品环境安全性评价

为了评价废电路板非金属材料再生产品使用过程中的环境安全性问题,本文针对非金属材料再生产品的特性,参考相关评价标准,结合目前现有的环境危害评价方法和人体健康风险评价,构建了再生产品在使用过程中环境安全性评价模型.收集A、B两种再生木塑产品进行评价试验,评估其对环境和人体健康的潜在风险和危害.结果显示在不考虑水体稀释作用情况下,两种再生木塑产品对I类地表水均存在极度或重度污染的可能,对于其他类地表水环境风险较小,应避免在源头水等区域使用;对于地下水,产品B污染指数大于1,具有一定的环境风险;但是考虑在稀释情况下（5%）,两种再生产品对于地下水的污染指数均小于1;两种再生木塑产品的非致癌风险指数分别为0.03和0.41,均小于1,对人体健康的危害作用不明显.本文可为非金属材料再生木塑产品环境安全性管理提供评价标准和参考,有利于促进废弃电器电子产品资源化和无害化技术的发展．     

Enhanced styrene recovery from waste polystyrene pyrolysis using response surface methodology coupled with Box–Behnken design

A work applied response surface methodology coupled with Box–Behnken design (RSM-BBD) has been developed to enhance styrene recovery from waste polystyrene (WPS) through pyrolysis. The relationship between styrene yield and three selected operating parameters (i.e., temperature, heating rate, and carrier gas flow rate) was investigated. A second order polynomial equation was successfully built to describe the process and predict styrene yield under the study conditions. The factors identified as statistically significant to styrene production were: temperature, with a quadratic effect; heating rate, with a linear effect; carrier gas flow rate, with a quadratic effect; interaction between temperature and carrier gas flow rate; and interaction between heating rate and carrier gas flow rate. The optimum conditions for the current system were determined to be at a temperature range of 470–505 °C, a heating rate of 40 °C/min, and a carrier gas flow rate range of 115–140 mL/min. Under such conditions, 64.52% WPS was recovered as styrene, which was 12% more than the highest reported yield for reactors of similar size. It is concluded that RSM-BBD is an effective approach for yield optimization of styrene recovery from WPS pyrolysis.     

线路板粉末风选过程气固两相流模拟及实验

针对线路板破碎粉末的特点,提出了一种通过风力分选实现废旧线路板中金属和非金属分离的方法.分别采用RNG k-ε模型、颗粒轨道模型模拟气流场和固体颗粒,模拟结果显示风选器腔体处于旋风状态,风压随着风选器半径和高度的增加而升高,至风选器高度为1.2m附近达到峰值.开展线路板粉末风选实验,通过模拟分析和实验分别得到不同粒径、不同叶轮转速下的优化工艺参数,结果表明粒级对实验结果的影响最大,当线路板粉末粒径为0.125~0.212mm、叶轮转速为200r/min时,金属回收率最高达到96.5%.最后进行分选效果的实验-模拟对比分析,验证了模拟的有效性及分选方案的可行性.