废旧线路板真空热解油合成热固性酚醛树脂

以废旧线路板真空热解油为原料,NaOH为催化剂,与甲醛的缩聚反应合成热固性酚醛树脂(TPR),重点考察了合成条件对产物固含量的影响。结果表明,合成热固性酚醛树脂的最佳条件为:每38.5 g热解油加入甲醛、催化剂分别为40 g、10 g,第1阶段温度为60℃、反应时间为3 h,第2阶段温度为95℃、反应时间按为3 h,其中催化剂的加入量是最主要的影响因素。通过红外光谱分析(IR)及热重分析(TG)测定了合成产物的结构和性能,并对产物进行了力学性能的检测。结果证明,以热解油为原料合成的酚醛树脂出现了CH2、CH—OH等特征峰,且产物的耐热温度在300℃以上,拉伸强度达到了39.6 MPa,与以苯酚为原料合成的酚醛树脂相近,研究结果表明,真空热加油为原料合成酚醛树脂是可行的。     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌浸出线路板中铜及过程中铁的变化研究

从煤堆积水中分离得到氧化亚铁硫杆菌,利用该菌种对线路板中的Cu进行了浸出实验.研究了不同线路板粉末添加量对浸出效果的影响,在220 mL溶液中添加量为2.2、4.4 g时Cu的浸出率很快达到了90%,而添加量为11.0、22.0 g时浸出率表现了缓慢上升,在15 d左右达到了90%.观察了浸出过程中铁浓度及价态的变化,结果表明,浸出初期随着添加量的增加,Fe2 增加明显,但是随着浸出时间的推移,Fe3 、Fe2 和总Fe都呈现降低趋势.     

阻尼隔声板在噪声控制工程上的应用

对隔声材料的隔声功能进行了分析,根据两种以上不同质的复合材料可避开各自的阻隔波谷,能更有效地提高阻隔宽频噪声的总体性能的声学原理,提出了安装有阻尼层的隔声板,可有效提高隔声板的隔声量。     

Pyrolysis characteristics of the mixture of printed circuit board scraps and coal powder

Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and infrared spectroscopy were used to analyze the pyrolysis characteristics of printed circuit board scraps (PCBs), coal powder and their mixtures under nitrogen atmosphere. The experimental results show that there is a large difference between waste PCBs and coal powder in pyrolysis processing. The pyrolysis properties of the mixing samples are the result of interaction of the PCBs and coal powder, which is influenced by the content of mixture. The degree of pyrolysis and pyrolysis properties of the mixture are much better than that of the single component. The TG and the differential thermogravimetric (DTG) curves of the PCBs mixed with coal powder move towards the high-temperature zone with increasing amount of coal powder and subsequently the DTG peak also becomes wider. The Coats–Redfern integral method was used to determine the kinetic parameters of pyrolysis reaction mechanism with the different proportion of mixture. The gas of pyrolysis mainly composes of CO₂, CO, H₂O and some hydrocarbon. The bromide characteristic absorption peak has been detected obviously in the pyrolysis gas of PCBs. On the contrary, the absorption peak of the bromide is not obvious in pyrolysis gas of the PCBs samples adding 40% coal powder.     

废旧家用电器回收利用及处理处置技术

随着大量家用电器进入报废期,废旧家用电器的资源化回收利用成为一个新的环境问题。介绍了国内外废旧家电的回收利用状况、处理方法和工艺流程,重点介绍了废印刷线路板的处理工艺和废塑料的再生利用,并针对我国的实际问题提出了相应的措施和办法。     

废印刷线路板的回收利用

随着电子工业的发展,印刷线路板的产量和废弃量与日俱增。印刷线路板中含有大量的铜、铝、铅、锡、铁等常见金属和一定量的金、银、钯等贵重金属,以及少量的金老、白金和稀有元素硒等,具有很高的回收价值。采用适当的回收方法,既可节省日益枯的矿产资源,又可减轻重金属等的污染,降低对环境的危害。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定农产品中痕量铍

采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定农产品中痕量铍,比较了微波消解和电热板消解两种前处理方法,选择了基体改良剂。方法在0μg／L—4.00μg／L范围内线性良好,微波消解法和电热板消解法的检出限分别为0.002mg／kg和0.0002mg／kg,标样平行测定的RSD为2.4％—4.1％,农产品加标回收率为80.0％—95.0％。     

高耐腐蚀ZAM板的试验与分析

本文通过对一种新型板材的耐腐蚀、机加工、焊接等方面性能的试验分析,来说明这种新型板材较之以前的普通板材有一些优势之处,为今后运用于生产实际中提供一些参考。     

线路板生产废气的治理

通过实际工程设计参数的选择和运行条件的控制及试验研究 ,结果表明 :采用填料吸收塔处理线路板生产废气是经济和有效的 ,以 Na OH水溶液作吸收剂 ,经一级吸收处理废气中污染物去除 90 %以上 ,排气浓度小于无组织排放限值 ,再加上以醋酸和表面活性剂的水溶液作为吸收剂作二级吸收 ,废气中有机成分苯、甲苯、二甲苯、甲醛及铅的去除率可达 99.7%以上 ,总运行费小于 5 5元 /万 m3/h废气     

Self-catalytic pyrolysis thermodynamics of waste printed circuit boards with co-existing metals

● The co-existing metals in WPCBs has positive catalytic influence in pyrolysis. ● Cu, Fe, Ni can promote reaction progress and reduce the apparent activation energy. ● Ni play better role in promoting WPCB pyrolysis reaction. Waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) are generated increasingly recent years with the rapid replacement of electric and electronic products. Pyrolysis is considered to be a potential environmentally-friendly technology for recovering organic and metal resources from WPCBs. Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic analysis of WPCBs were carried out in this study. It showed that the co-existing metals (Cu, Fe, Ni) in WPCBs have positive self-catalytic influence during the pyrolysis process. To illustrate their catalytic effects, the apparent activation energy was calculated by differential model. Contributions of different reactions during catalytic pyrolysis process was studied and the mechanism function was obtained by Šesták-Berggren model. The results showed that Cu, Fe, Ni can promote the reaction progress and reduce the apparent activation energy. Among the three metals, Ni plays better catalytic role than Cu, then Fe. This work provides theoretical base for understanding the three metals’ catalytic influence during the pyrolysis of non-metal powders in WPCBs.