印制板生产中油墨废水的COD处理研究

油墨废水占印制电路板生产废水总排水量的5%左右,是一种高浓度的有机废水,化学需氧量指标值COD可达15 000 mg/L。一种可行的、有效的去除油墨废水中有机成份的方法对印制电路板生产废水总体的COD达标至关重要。本文探讨了光助Fenton（UV-Fenton）法中FeSO4.7H2O与H2O2的用量配比、pH值、紫外光光照时间和反应温度等因素对油墨废水COD处理效果的影响。     

我国废弃电子线路板资源化再生利用技术现状与展望

随着电子行业的迅猛发展,废弃电子线路板的处理和利用成为各方关注的热点。废弃电子线路板处理不好将成为一大环境污染问题,而利用好了又可变废为宝,产生巨大的价值。阐述我国进行废弃电子线路板资源化再生利用的重要性和紧迫性,介绍废弃电子线路板处理利用技术的研究现状,并时其研究重点和发展趋势做出展望。     

印刷电路板(PCB)厂挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放指示物筛选

采用VOCs快速测定仪和SUMMA罐采样、GC/MS分析方法,采样分析了上海某工业区3个印刷电路板厂生产车间和废气排放口的VOCs含量水平、组成特征和源成分谱.结果表明,在9月和12月2次采样期间,A、B、H厂生产车间总挥发性有机物(TVOCs)(9月/12月)最高浓度分别为(2.94/2.01)×10-9、(3.18/1.11)×10-6、(0.70/0.18)×10-9;废气排放口TVOCs最高浓度则分别为(0.86/0.90)×10-9、(31.2/12.0)×10-6、(1.24/0.30)×10-9.GC/MS分析结果表明,主要检出了烷烃、烯烃、苯系物、酮类、氯代烷烃、氯代苯类、酯类等7大类共67种VOCs化合物;A、B、H厂生产车间/废气排放口最高检出物和检出浓度分别为:2-丁酮6.73 mg.m-3/2-甲基己烷5.93 mg.m-3、乙酸乙酯8.90 mg.m-3/丙烷9.64 mg.m-3、丙烷2.04 mg.m-3/丙烷1.69 mg.m-3.苯、甲苯、二甲苯检出率均为100%,三厂各点位最高检出浓度/平均浓度分别为0.077 mg.m-3/0.035 mg.m-3、0.56 mg.m-3/0.31 mg.m-3、0.21 mg.m-3/0.12 mg.m-3(间+对-二甲苯)和0.081 mg.m-3/0.050 mg.m-3(邻-二甲苯).源成分谱和PCA分析结果表明,A、B厂的VOCs特征轮廓图谱较相似,特征化合物为苯、甲苯、二甲苯以及丙酮和2-丁酮;H厂主要特征污染物除三苯外,还有氯苯和氯代烷烃类化合物.结合原辅材料及生产工艺分析,溶剂、涂料使用和工艺过程的逸散是生产车间面源VOCs排放的主要来源,废气排放口是VOCs重点排放点源.     

Life cycle assessment of coated white board: a case study in China

Life cycle assessment was carried out using IMPACT2002+ to estimate the environmental impact of coated white board production, which is common in China. Normalized results showed that the potential impacts of respiratory inorganics, terrestrial ecotoxicity, global warming, and non-renewable energy had a dominant contributions to overall environmental impact. Specifically, emissions from chemical and energy production processes exhibited higher potential impact (more than 80% of the total contribution) on the environment than that of emissions generated from transport, landfill, wastewater treatment, and paper plants infrastructure. Energy recovery from black liquor and energy generation based on natural gas are key factors in reducing overall environmental potential impact. The current paper presents improvements on the environmental performance of a coated white board production site in China.     

电子废弃物理化性质研究

通过实验研究了印刷线路板和覆铜板厚度、热值及含水率等理化性质,并对其中的金、铜等贵金属含量进行了测定.结果显示,PCB和CCL的厚度分别是0.108 cm和0.054cm;PCB和CCL的高位定容弹筒发热量分别为8 310 J/g和9 320 J/g; PCB和CCL的含水率分别为接近1.3％和接近0.8％;PCB和C...     

电镀污染物排放标准在建设项目竣工环保验收监测中的应用——以印制电路板项目为例

通过实例对印制电路板项目电镀污染物排放进行剖析,从监测内容、监测结果与评价等主要环节就规范此类项目的环保验收监测要点进行了阐述.     

废旧印刷线路板中溴代阻燃剂对微生物浸提金属铜效率的影响

研究废旧印刷线路板中溴代阻燃剂的多寡对氧化亚铁硫杆菌(Thiobacillus ferrooxidans)浸提废旧印刷线路板金属铜的浸出效率的影响。将废旧印刷线路板剪切破碎后过筛,得到不同粒度段的颗粒样品,分别测定不同颗粒样品中溴代阻燃剂的含量,以含溴量最高的40~100目的颗粒作为试验材料,探讨不同样品浓度(5g/L、15g/L和25g/L),萃取部分溴代阻燃剂与未萃取两种条件下T.ferrooxidans浸提金属铜的效率。在500mL三角瓶中接入活化后的T.ferrooxidans,待菌株培养到对数生长期后加入相应样品,摇床培养120h,每隔一定时间取上清液,分别测定上清液中Cu2+、氧化还原电位(ORP)和pH值。结果为,浸提120h后,未萃取溴代阻燃剂的5g/L、15g/L和25g/L浓度时T.ferrooxidans对铜浸出分别是79.59%、90.53%和66.37%;萃取溴代阻燃剂的5g/L、15g/L和25g/L浓度时T.ferrooxidans对铜的浸出浓度分别是90.98%、97.88%和69.05%。表明溴代阻燃剂是影响微生物浸铜效率的重要因素之一,利用CCl4作为萃取剂萃取废旧印刷线路板中溴代阻燃剂后,T.ferrooxidans对废旧印刷线路板金属铜的浸提率提高,废旧印刷线路板加入量为15g/L时浸提金属铜的效率最高。     

石墨烯-TiO2光催化剂复合板制备及其对五氯酚的催化降解

针对基于石墨烯-TiO_2的光催化剂多为粉末状,用于处理实际淋洗液时难以有效回收这一问题,研究以氧化石墨烯和粉末TiO_2为前期物使用水热法结合类溶胶凝胶涂布法制备出了可重复使用的石墨烯-TiO_2纳米管复合板,复合板的宏观形貌均一,催化剂在板的大部分区域上以层数较少的形式负载.应用制备的复合板对土壤淋洗液体系中的五氯酚(pentachlorophenol,PCP)进行光催化降解,在太阳光照下可在30 min内完全去除污染物,比无催化剂条件下的降解速率提高5倍以上;以氙灯作为模拟太阳光源,降解速率提高10倍.复合板经长时间浸泡和重复使用后,光催化活性无明显下降,具有长期使用的潜力.复合板的制备解决了催化剂的固定化问题,有利于分离回收等后续处理.     

废印刷线路板处置和非金属回收利用研究进展

废印刷线路板的资源化处置一直是电子废弃物处理的热点和难点,目前有多种方法已经投入应用或者在研究阶段,这些方法在分离效率、回收率、操作简单性、本身环境友好性、有无二次污染等方面有不同的优缺点。目前主流的广泛采用的方法是分步处理,破碎后利用物理方法进行分选,得到的金属和非金属组分再分别进行进一步的回收利用。本文对近年来废印刷线路板的总体处置技术和物理分选后非金属的回收利用的研究进行了总结,并对将来的研究方向进行了展望,为废印刷线路板资源化再利用产业化发展提供参考。     

Self-catalytic pyrolysis thermodynamics of waste printed circuit boards with co-existing metals

● The co-existing metals in WPCBs has positive catalytic influence in pyrolysis. ● Cu, Fe, Ni can promote reaction progress and reduce the apparent activation energy. ● Ni play better role in promoting WPCB pyrolysis reaction. Waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) are generated increasingly recent years with the rapid replacement of electric and electronic products. Pyrolysis is considered to be a potential environmentally-friendly technology for recovering organic and metal resources from WPCBs. Thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic analysis of WPCBs were carried out in this study. It showed that the co-existing metals (Cu, Fe, Ni) in WPCBs have positive self-catalytic influence during the pyrolysis process. To illustrate their catalytic effects, the apparent activation energy was calculated by differential model. Contributions of different reactions during catalytic pyrolysis process was studied and the mechanism function was obtained by Šesták-Berggren model. The results showed that Cu, Fe, Ni can promote the reaction progress and reduce the apparent activation energy. Among the three metals, Ni plays better catalytic role than Cu, then Fe. This work provides theoretical base for understanding the three metals’ catalytic influence during the pyrolysis of non-metal powders in WPCBs.