既有建筑节能改造市场发展协同激励实施对策

借鉴发达国家既有建筑节能改造市场激励的成功经验,解析我国既有建筑节能改造市场激励的实践过程与特征,揭示存在的问题,从激励有效性出发,提出我国既有建筑节能改造市场发展主体协同激励、阶段系统激励和要素协同激励的系统对策,以激发ESCO既有建筑节能改造市场发展的活力与内在驱动力,推动既有建筑节能改造实践进程。     

L'Aquila's reconstruction challenges: has Italy learned from its previous earthquake disasters?

Italy is an earthquake‐prone country and its disaster emergency response experiences over the past few decades have varied greatly, with some being much more successful than others. Overall, however, its reconstruction efforts have been criticised for being ad hoc, delayed, ineffective, and untargeted. In addition, while the emergency relief response to the L'Aquila earthquake of 6 April 2009—the primary case study in this evaluation—seems to have been successful, the reconstruction initiative got off to a very problematic start. To explore the root causes of this phenomenon, the paper argues that, owing to the way in which Italian Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi has politicised the process, the L'Aquila reconstruction endeavour is likely to suffer problems with local ownership, national/regional/municipal coordination, and corruption. It concludes with a set of recommendations aimed at addressing the pitfalls that may confront the L'Aquila reconstruction process over the next few years.     

低碳生态视角下的灾后统筹重建模式——以汶川地震为例

在汶川8.0级地震及其次生灾害的共用作用下,地震灾区生态环境变得更加脆弱.灾后3年灾区重建任务主要集中在经济社会方面,对生态环境重建的投入不足,以及灾区高碳化产业结构,造成灾区生态系统功能退化,灾区生态系统出现弱均衡现象,严重影响灾区生态系统的可持续发展.灾区生态弱均衡可防可控,通过在灾区树立低碳均衡发展思想,制定灾区生态低碳发展路径;加大节能减排工作力度,调整灾区产业结构;推行退耕还林政策,发展林木产业,推进生态农业低碳建设;构建森林碳汇示范基地,实施低碳生态战略,推动灾区生态系统全面可持续发展.     

Participatory forest management in Africa: lessons not learned

A workshop held in Tanzania in early 2002 brought practitioners of Participatory Forest Management (PFM) from 25 African countries together with donors and other interested organizations. One objective was to search for ways forward to improve and streamline implementing PFM. It was agreed that forest legislation permitting PFM is currently widespread and that many countries are somewhere on the path of implementation. It was also agreed that more needs to be done to further the definition and sharing of benefits from PFM forests in order for the practice to be successful and sustainable. The alarming rate of deforestation in many countries has not been sufficiently monitored or addressed by PFM.

Lessons not yet learned from at least 30 years of experience include how to write satisfactory management plans and conduct inventories that would help define PFM benefits and monitoring aspects. This paper suggests ways to improve on these aspects of PFM planning. It also proposes a greater emphasis on inclusion of pitsawyer organization as a key component in sustaining forests for a longer time.     

企业安全生产信息系统建设解决方案分析

随着计算机技术和信息化技术的发展,安全生产信息系统成为推动企业安全生产管理工作的新动力,我国很多企业纷纷建立了安全生产管理信息系统。详细介绍了企业建设安全生产管理信息系统的原则和方法,根据安全生产信息化建设经验,阐述了建设中的总体规划、需求分析、系统设计、组织实施以及运行评估等流程,并辅以企业安全生产信息系统建设实例。可帮助企业优化安全生产信息系统建设架构,降低建设风险,从而提高系统的科学性和实用性     

2020年全球生物多样性目标解读及其评估指标探讨

2010年以来,全球开展了讨论和咨询,确定世界生物多样性保护的路线图。2010年10月在日本召开的《生物多样性公约》缔约方大会第十次会议通过了《生物多样性战略计划》（2011—2020年）。该战略计划确立了2020年全球生物多样性目标（简称2020年目标）,设计了世界生物多样性保护的路线图和时间表,为制定国家目标提供了灵活的框架。该文剖析了《生物多样性公约》各缔约方对2020年目标的谈判立场,解读了2020年目标的内涵,论述了2020年目标评估指标研究的最新进展,在进一步加强生物多样性评价指标研究、建设生物多样性监测标准和网络、开展生物多样性长期监测方面提出了建议。     

Towards an earthquake-resilient world: from post-disaster reconstruction to pre-disaster prevention

ABSTRACT

Destructive earthquakes in urban or rural areas around the world have caused severe damage to local societies. Pre-disaster prevention and post-disaster reconstruction can significantly reduce the impact of earthquakes on communities. To explore the popular research topics and trends in this area, CiteSpace was used to develop a knowledge map visualization. It was found that the main research into earthquake disaster prevention and reconstruction has been focused on disaster risk reduction planning, disaster mitigation knowledge, participatory disaster governance, and community resilience building. In this Special Issue, there were six distinctive earthquake disaster research papers that covered scientific, social, and institutional aspects. It was concluded that to reduce the effects of earthquake disasters, an interdisciplinary research approach and systems thinking is needed. The investigation also revealed that there has been a paradigm shift from post-disaster reconstruction to pre-disaster prevention to build community and urban resilience.     

现代垃圾填埋技术设计理念及其工程应用

对现代垃圾填埋技术的设计要点进行归纳,并结合上海市老港填埋场四期工程介绍其在工程设计中的具体应用。     

风险评价在规划环境影响评价中的应用

规划环境影响评价(以下简称规划环评)是对规划实施后可能造成的影响进行分析、预测和评价的过程,属于战略影响评价范畴,需要解决区域内项目布局、规模等问题.规划环评中的风险评价应同规划环评的目标相对应,即从源头上对规划中涉及的风险源进行分析并提出预防或减缓风险的方案.比较了规划环评风险评价和建设项目风险评价后指出,规划环评中风险评价的目标主要在于通过对风险源的识别和分析,为整个区域内项目的布局、规模以及土地利用提供合理指导,并对原规划方案进行反馈.总结了风险评价用于规划环评中的特点及其与建设项目风险评价在步骤上的异同,并以平顶山化工城规划环境影响评价中风险评价的内容为例,对风险评价在规划环评中的应用进行了探讨.结果表明,平顶山的风险源对周围地区有一定影响,应考虑部分地区的搬迁工作.      

工业园生态型土地功能区构建探讨——以常熟市国际工业园为例

工业园区的规划建设对当地及周边地区的土地质量将产生重要影响 ,因此有必要将生态型土地功能区的理念纳入工业园区的规划之中。工业园生态型土地功能区是依据自然及人工特征对生态型人工复合系统或人类聚居地进行人为划分的区域。该区域应使人们在各种社会经济活动中所消耗的物资和物化劳动获得较大的经济效益的同时 ,保持生态系统的动态平衡。生态型土地功能区区划的重要理论依据是 :在对区域生态调查的基础上 ,首先对土地生态适宜度和生态敏感性两方面进行评价 ,然后根据评价结果将生态性质相似的土地进行类聚 ,并按不同的用途对该区的土地进行功能区划。最后以常熟市国际工业园案例进行实例研究 ,通过分析结果可以认识到园区生态型土地功能区区划与经济协调发展是可行的