基于CNN_LSTM模型的复杂支路故障电弧检测*

在低压交流配电系统中,当多支路并联的复杂系统的某1支路中出现串联电弧故障时,识别难度大幅提升。为了预防此类情况引发的电气火灾,提出1种卷积神经网络(CNN)与长短时记忆网络(LSTM)结合的串联故障电弧检测方法。首先,搭建实验平台用以采集不同负载在不同支路下发生故障时和正常工作时的干路电流数据;然后,构建CNN_LSTM模型并做出相应改进,将电流数据直接输入到模型中,由模型自主提取波形特征并进行分类。研究结果表明:该方法可以快速、准确地识别出电弧故障,准确率达99.04%以上,且能够较为准确地检测出是哪类负载所在的支路发生电弧故障,准确率达97.90%,可为复杂支路下的电弧故障识别研究提供参考。     

平板及焊缝中裂纹磁记忆检测技术研究

为了将磁记忆技术用于裂纹缺陷的检测领域,应用试验研究和有限元分析相结合的方法,分析裂纹的深度、埋深、宽度以及扫描角度对平板中裂纹磁记忆检测的影响。针对45号钢板建立深度和宽度2个影响参量与磁记忆信号之间的量化关系。沿焊缝长度方向和垂直焊缝长度方向对焊接裂纹进行磁记忆检测,研究焊接裂纹的检测方法和信号特征。提出根据局部波形呈现正弦波形态判别缺陷的方法。研究结果表明,用磁记忆检测技术能够对裂纹进行定位,并根据波形信号特征量对裂纹深度、宽度进行量化评价。     

基于熵权法-CIM模型的高速公路施工临近房屋安全风险评价

为了评估高速公路施工对临近房屋的安全影响,基于房屋因素、施工技术与管理因素、房屋周边环境因素,提出了高速公路施工临近房屋安全风险评价指标体系。以某高速公路施工临近10处房屋为研究对象,采用基于熵权法-CIM模型的混合安全风险评价方法,首先计算指标权重;再以其中1处房屋为例,确定其安全风险概率,结果表明:该处房屋安全风险总体较高,基本符合工程施工中的监测结果。     

深水钻井隔水管磁记忆内检测装置研发及应用

为了解决深水钻井隔水管裂纹、磨损、疲劳损伤等检测难题,基于磁记忆检测技术研制1种内检测器.其主要结构包括:数据采集腔,周向布置的60路GMR高灵敏度传感器,导向支撑轮,吊装牵拉钩等.该设备可以在不拆卸浮力块的情况下完成隔水管内壁的覆盖式扫查.结果表明:检测器具备较高的可靠性,操作简单、检测效率高;检测数据可以有效反映隔...     

基于复合LSTM模型的PM2.5浓度预测

在对淄博市19个空气质量监测站点监测数据进行分析后,提出了一种基于机器学习的复合模型——灰色关联度分析(GRA)-改进的完备总体经验模态分解(ICEEMD)-长短期记忆网络(LSTM)模型。通过分析淄博市2019年大气污染物和气象数据,选用LSTM模型预测PM_2.5浓度。由于传统单一模块机器学习模型具有训练时间较长和预测精度较低的问题,提出了复合LSTM模型。该模型由3部分组成：GRA,用于PM_2.5浓度影响因素变量筛选;ICEEMD,用于PM_2.5分解、分量筛选和原始大气污染物及气象数据处理;LSTM,用于PM_2.5浓度预测。预测结果表明：淄博市中部丘陵地带PM_2.5浓度高于南部山区和北部平原,东部高于西部;淄博市逐月PM_2.5浓度呈“U”形分布,1月最高,8月最低;淄博市PM_2.5浓度受PM₁₀和CO影响较大,受湿度和温度影响较小。对比单一LSTM模型和GRA-LSTM模型,GRA-ICEEMD-LSTM模型...     

有效提高英语水平的一种途径——识记

本文针对大学生在英语学习过程中出现的识记能力差，贬低记忆作用的偏见，提出教学中应帮助学生了解和掌握记忆规律，提倡识记词汇、句法、段落或课文，有助于提高学生听、阅读和写作能力。     

Analysis of bumblebee visitation sequences within single bouts: implication of the overstrike effect on short-term memory

Pollinators whose foraging habitats consist of several plant types (species or morph) may continue to choose the plant type last visited because information about the type of plant last visited dominates over all other memory contents, in particular of short-term memory. In this study, I extracted this overstrike effect on the plant choices of pollinators by analyzing patterns of visitation sequences within a single round-trip between the hive and foraging patch (bout). First, I simulated the visitation sequences within single bouts with a model to show how factors, including the bees plant-type preferences, the arrangement of plants and the effect of overstrike on short-term memory, affect visitation sequences. Here, bees are assumed to forage in a patch consisting of two plant types (H and L). The model predicts that only the effect of overstrike on short-term memory causes assorted visitation sequences according to plant type (within-bout flower constancy). That is, if the overstrike-effect on short-term memory is the primary determinant of plant choice, then bees will fly to a type-L plant after visiting a type-L plant even if they predominantly visit type-H plants and vice versa. Next, I investigated individual bumblebees visitation sequences at a patch of artificial inflorescences with a set-up similar to that assumed in the model. Two types of inflorescences were arranged on a Cartesian grid. Assorted visitation sequences according to inflorescence type were observed, depending on the distances among inflorescences. This result supports the hypotheses that bees fly to the same plant type as that last visited because short-term memory is displaced (overstruck) with information about the most recently visited plant type.Communicated by M. Giurfa     

有效提高英语水平的一种途径--识记

本文针对大学生在英语学习过程中出现的识记能力差,贬低记忆作用的偏见,提出教学中应帮助学生了解和掌握记忆规律,提倡识记词汇、句法、段落或课文,有助于提高学生听、阅读和写作能力.     

Open-plan office noise: Cognitive performance and restoration

The aim of the present study was to investigate cognitive, emotional, and physiological effects of two open-plan office noise conditions (high noise: 51 LAeq and low noise: 39 LAeq) during work in a simulated open-plan office, followed by four restoration conditions (river movie with sound, only river sound, silence, and office noise) after the work period. Students (N = 47) went through one practice session and two experimental sessions, one each with the low and high noise conditions. In each experimental session they worked for 2 h with tasks involving basic working memory processes. We also took physiological measures of stress (cortisol and catecholamines) and self-reports of mood and fatigue. Analyses indicate that the participants remembered fewer words, rated themselves as more tired, and were less motivated with work in noise compared to low noise. In the restoration phase the participants who saw a nature movie (including river sounds) rated themselves as having more energy after the restoration period in comparison with both the participants who listened to noise and river sounds. Remaining in office noise during the restoration phase also affected motivation more negatively than listening to river sounds or watching the nature movie. The findings bear on the appropriateness of open-plan office designs and the possibilities for restoration available in office settings.     

Besides navigation accuracy: Gender differences in strategy selection and level of spatial confidence

A virtual version of the reorientation task was employed to test new behavioral measures of navigation strategies and spatial confidence within a gender-fair assessment approach. The results demonstrated that, from a behavioral point of view, women had lower level of spatial confidence than men regardless of level of accuracy. Moreover, the way men and women selected spatial strategies depended on the arrangement of spatial cues within the environment. In other terms women relied on landmarks under specific conditions compatible with an adaptive combination/associative model of spatial orientation. Finally, the present study emphasized the importance to assess gender differences taking into account specific affective variables and information selection processing, beyond accuracy.