太白山自然保护区生态环境管理研究

分析了太白山自然保护区存在的生态问题以及生态管理问题 ,提出了对太白山自然保护区生态管理的措施。     

生物多样性保护与自然保护区关系探讨——以金佛山自然保护区为例

自然保护区的建设将促进生物多样性保护与可持续发展，而生物多样性保护也有利于自然保护区健康发展。两者之间存在紧密的联系，但在实际工作中，两者关系往往难以协调。本文以金佛山自然保护区为例，分别论述了自然保护区的功能以及保护生物多样性的重要性，从反而探讨了两者之间的关系。并针对金佛山自然保护区建设，与基于生物多样性开展的旅游业之间存在的问题提出了相应的建议。     

太行山低山丘陵区鸟类种群动态及招引工程效果初报

本文从太行山试区的气候、土壤、植被等状况，深入分析了该试区各种植物群落对招鸟的作用、鸟类群落的季节变化和演替原因，并就人工巢箱招鸟和环境生态改变对招鸟效果等项进行了探讨。初步查明试区内共有鸟类１１目２４科４５属，其中雀形目占多数。     

古田山国家级自然保护区常绿阔叶林类型及其群落物种多样性研究

在群落调查的基础上，分析了古田山自然保护区常绿阔叶林的群落类型和群落物种多样性特征．结果表明：古田山自然保护区常绿阔叶林主要有6种类型(群系)，即甜槠林、栲树林、野含笑-钩栗林、青冈林、虎皮楠-甜槠林、乌冈栎-青冈林，并对各群落类型的结构和物种组成进行了描述．从各群落的外貌、结构和种类组成上看，均具有我国典型常绿阔叶林的基本特征．不同群落类型其物种多样性大小不同，栲树林和野含笑-钩栗林物种多样性较高，虎皮楠-甜槠林和乌冈栎-青冈林物种多样性较低．在群落垂直结构中，灌木层→乔木层→草本层物种多样性依次降低，乔木层与灌木层之间物种多样性差异不显著，草本层的物种丰富度、物种多样性指数均明显小于乔木层和灌木层．与邻近4个山地常绿阔叶林物种多样性相比较，古田山常绿阔叶林物种多样性比纬度位置高的黄山和大别山要大，但比纬度位置低的乌岩岭和缙云山小．     

Equity and nuclear waste disposal

Following the recommendations of the US National Academy of Sciences and the mandates of the 1987 Nuclear Waste Policy Amendments Act, the US Department of Energy has proposed Yucca Mountain, Nevada as the site of the world's first permanent repository for high-level nuclear waste. The main justification for permanent disposal (as opposed to above-ground storage) is that it guarantees safety by means of waste isolation. This essay argues, however, that considerations of equity (safer for whom?) undercut the safety rationale. The article surveys some prima facie arguments for equity in the distribution of radwaste risks and then evaluates four objections that are based, respectively, on practicality, compensation for risks, scepticism about duties to future generations, and the uranium criterion. The conclusion is that, at least under existing regulations and policies, permanent waste disposal is highly questionable, in part, because it fails to distribute risk equitably or to compensate, in full, for this inequity.     

灵空山自然保护区二叶舌唇兰种群分布格局研究

基于灵空山自然保护区油松林内设置的70 m×90m的二叶舌唇兰样地的调查数据为基础,应用扩散系数C、平均拥挤度X*、Ca指标、丛生指数I、聚块性指数、负二项分布等聚集度指标研究二叶舌唇兰(Platnthera chlorantha)种群的分布格局与聚集强度.结果表明:在5 m×5 m、1 m×1 m的取样尺度下,二叶舌唇兰种群的分布格局均表现为聚集分布,且在1 m×1 m的小取样尺度下聚集强度较强;聚集原因在于其种子扩散的有限性及环境空间的异质性.     

Can the green economy enhance sustainable mountain development? The potential role of awareness building

Mountain socio-ecological systems produce valuable but complex ecosystem services resulting from biomes stratified by altitude and gravity. These systems are often managed and shaped by smallholders whose marginalization is exacerbated by uncertainties and a lack of policy attention. Human–environment interfaces in mountains hence require holistic policies. We analyse the potential of the Global Mountain Green Economy Agenda (GMGEA) in building awareness and thus prompting cross-sectoral policy strategies for sustainable mountain development. Considering the critique of the green economy presented at the Rio + 20 conference, we argue that the GMGEA can nevertheless structure knowledge and inform regional institutions about the complexity of mountain socio-ecological systems, a necessary pre-condition to prompt inter-agency collaboration and cross-sectoral policy formulation. After reviewing the content of the GMGEA, we draw on two empirical cases in the Pakistani and Nepali Himalayas. First, we show that lack of awareness has led to a sequence of fragmented interventions with unanticipated, and unwanted, consequences for communities. Second, using a green economy lens, we show how fragmentation could have been avoided and cross-sectoral policies yielded more beneficial results. Project fragmentation reflects disconnected or layered policies by government agencies, which inherently keep specialized agendas and have no incentive to collaborate. Awareness makes agencies more likely to collaborate and adopt cross-sectoral approaches, allowing them to target more beneficiaries, be more visible, and raise more funds. Nevertheless, we also identify four factors that may currently still limit the effect of the GMGEA: high costs of inter-agency collaboration, lack of legitimacy of the green economy, insufficiently-secured smallholder participation, and limited understanding of the mechanisms through which global agendas influence local policy.     

大别山区山洪灾害预警模型的建立与应用

根据近年来大别山地区高密度雨量站资料,利用GIS技术形成的更为精细的栅格点坡度和高度数据,得出雨量与山区坡度和高度的具体关系,并由此推算出两个子流域发生山洪灾害的雨量阈值;实时通过数据服务器获取前期逐时雨量资料,形成24 h和6 h雨量,根据雨量关系式求算面雨量,与山洪灾害雨量阈值进行比较,给出是否发生山洪灾害的预警信息;及时发布预警信息,将山洪灾害的预警信息在淮河流域气象中心进行实际应用。     

江西大鄣山夏季鸟类群落多样性研究

2009年6月至2010年8月采用样线法对江西大鄣山夏季鸟类资源及其生境分布状况进行调查,并计算其物种多样性、均匀性、优势度及不同生境群落间的相似性。共记录江西大鄣山夏季鸟类13目31科78种,其中留鸟45种,夏候鸟21种,冬候鸟7种,旅鸟5种;其中国家二级保护鸟类6种,省级保护鸟类22种;结果表明：东洋种鸟类占有明显优势（500%）,古北种次之（282%）,广布种占218%。白头鹎（〖WTBX〗Pycnonotus sinensis）和白腰文鸟（Lonchura striata〖WTBZ〗）为当季优势种。6种群落类型中,Shannon Weiner指数与Simpson指数排序均为：阔叶林>农田居民区>针阔混交林>溪流水域>灌木草丛>针叶林。Pielou指数排序为:针阔混交林>溪流水域>阔叶林>农田居民区>灌木草丛>针叶林。Sorenson指数中阔叶林 针阔混交林（〖WTBX〗S〖WTBZ〗=048）为最高。研究结果可为当地森林管理和鸟类保护提供依据     

长白山自然保护区森林生态系统间接经济价值评估

使用市场价值法、影子工程法、机会成本法和替代花费法等对长白山自然保护区森林牛态系统的功能价值进行了经济评估评价结果表明,保护区总的生态功能价值为176465.94万元,其中活立木生产量价值10777.43万元,涵养水源价值69741.2万元,保护土壤减少侵蚀的价值2307.02万元,固碳以减缓温室效应的价值87716．6万元,林分持留N、P、K分价值4338．88万元,降解SO₂和防治病虫害价值1584.73万元