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GIS支持下的滑坡空间预测与危险等级划分 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以日本早池峰山地域为研究对象,借助航片、TM影像、数字化地图以及各种统计资料和现有专题图等主要数据,利用美国MicroImage公司开发的TNTmips地理信息系统,将数量化理论与地理信息系统紧密结合,对区域滑坡进行了空间预测和危险等级划分.提取并计算了滑坡以及包括坡度、坡向、海拔、坡面倾斜类型、降雨、植被、土壤和地质等8个滑坡影响因子,得到了滑坡及其影响因子的空间分布图.在此基础上,抽取372个样本,应用数量化理论对这些样本进行了分析,建立了区域滑坡预测模型.该模型经研究区域共1296384个样本检验,模型预测精度达80.49%.最后,以滑坡发生概率为基准,对滑坡危险等级进行了划分. 相似文献
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The thawing and subsequent decomposition of large stocks of soil organic carbon (SOC) currently stored in the northern circumpolar permafrost region are projected to result in a ‘positive’ feedback on global warming. The magnitude of this feedback can only be assessed with improved knowledge about the total size and geographic distribution of the permafrost SOC pool. This study investigates SOC storage in an under-sampled mountain permafrost area in the Russian High Altai. SOC stocks from 39 soil pits are upscaled using a GIS-based land cover classification. We found that the top 100 cm of soils in Aktru Valley and the adjacent Kuray Basin only holds on average 2.6 ± 0.6 kg C m−2 (95% confidence interval), of which only c. 1% is stored in permafrost. Global warming will result in an upward shift of alpine life zones, with new plant cover and soil development at higher elevations. As a result, this type of mountain permafrost area might act as a net C sink in the future, representing a ‘negative’ feedback on global warming.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s13280-020-01433-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
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大别山区是土壤侵蚀较为强烈的地区之一,严重的土壤侵蚀不但恶化了自然环境,而且制约着该区域经济社会的可持续发展.在GIS的支持下,通过建立土壤侵蚀数据库获取有关土壤侵蚀量以及土壤侵蚀环境分析所需的基础数据,然后根据环境经济学相关的基本原理和方法对土壤侵蚀进行了货币化估算,以达到土壤侵蚀经济损失估值的目的. 相似文献
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The dual goals of the Organic Act of 1916 and Wilderness Act of 1964 are to protect natural resources and provide quality
visitor experiences. Park managers need metrics of trail conditions to protect park resources and quality of visitor experiences.
A few methods of sampling design for trails have been developed. Here, we describe a relatively new method, spatially balanced
sampling, and compare it to systematic sampling. We evaluated the efficiency of sampling designs to measure recreation-related
impacts in Rocky Mountain National Park. This study addressed two objectives: first, it compared estimates of trail conditions
from data collected from systematic versus spatially balanced sampling data; second, it examined the relationship between
sampling precision and sampling efficiency. No statistically significant differences in trail condition were found between
the 100-m interval and the spatially balanced datasets. The spatially balanced probability-based dataset was found to be a
good estimate of trail conditions when analyses were conducted with fewer sample points. Moreover, spatially balanced probability-based
sampling is flexible and allows additional sample points to be added to a sample. 相似文献
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Xie Genzong Qiu Penghua Tang Shaoxia 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2007,5(1):74-83
As the protected areas of land and coastal environment, nature reserves are designed to address how to reconcile the conservation of biodiversity, the quest for economic and social development and the maintenance of cultural values. This paper establishes a framework for nature reserve development that seeks to incorporate ecotourism into its strategies. The overall purpose was to identify the information needs required for a comprehensive nature reserve that incorporates ecotourism related values. It also illustrates the utility of this framework in the context of the Wuzhishan Mountain Region of China. A literature review, the first phase of a visionary strategy and a subsequent gap analysis for available management information were undertaken in order to achieve this paper's purpose. Finally, recommendations axe pre-sented for integrating ecotourism into nature reserve development in the Wuzhishan Mountain Region. 相似文献