亚甲基蓝光敏氧化处理造纸废水研究

以造纸废水为例,工业上对高浓度有机废水多采用H2O2及相关组合强化氧化法处理,成本高;尝试利用亚甲基蓝光敏氧化法处理高浓度造纸黄液,探讨其相关条件及处理潜力。实验发现,光解过程复合(太阳)光比利用紫外光效果好;在光敏剂的加入量仅为9．0mg/L,溶解氧含量高于2．0．mg／L,光照水力停留4h时,造纸废水的CODcr的去除率可达到26．8％,达到了H2O2质量浓度为1250．mg／L的Fenton试剂的处理效果。     

火电厂电缆安全状况调查

通过对30家火电厂92台机组电缆安全状况的调查,研究了火电厂电缆安全技术管理体系的建立和执行情况、电缆设备状况、电缆安全技术措施以及运行管理状况。指出火电厂电缆安全状况在安全管理体系不健全、电缆设备安全隐患较多、安全技术措施不到位且运行管理相对较为松懈等问题,加大了火电厂电缆事故发生机率。针对电缆安全技术现状和管理现状,提出了提高和改善火电厂电缆安全水平的技术和管理措施。     

聚合硫酸铁制备及其净水处理应用

讨论了以FeSO4·7H2O和H2SO4为原料,以HNO3为催化剂通入空气氧化铁(Ⅱ)制备聚合硫酸铁的主要影响因素。实验表明:[SO42-]/[Fe]总=1.35～1.40为较合适的投料比例;HNO3的投料量约为原料FeSO4·7H2O投料的4%,反应温度为60～90℃,搅拌速度为400～600r/min,反应时间4h。反应后期pH基本不变;产品对活性大红溶液的净水处理结果较为满意,脱色率98.8%,COD的去除率为92%。     

The On-Ranch Economics of Riparian Zone Cattle Grazing Management

A simulation model of a cattle ranch based in southern Alberta, Canada was developed to evaluate the on-ranch economics of adopting different grazing management strategies to improve riparian grazing capacity in natural grass rangeland. Under low-cost scenarios, there are positive economic incentives to adopt strategies to maintain riparian zones that already have high grazing capacity. However, riparian zones that have declined to moderate or low grazing capacity may require additional economic incentives to encourage ranches to adopt more costly management strategies to improve the grazing capacity. The economic incentives to adopt costly management strategies are highly sensitive to the size and shape of the riparian zone and rates of grazing capacity decline or improvement.     

Evaluating Microbial Indicators of Environmental Condition in Oregon Rivers

Traditional bacterial indicators used in public health to assess water quality and the Biolog system were evaluated to compare their response to biological, chemical, and physical habitat indicators of stream condition both within the state of Oregon and among ecoregion aggregates (Coast Range, Willamette Valley, Cascades, and eastern Oregon). Forty-three randomly selected Oregon river sites were sampled during the summer in 1997 and 1998. The public health indicators included heterotrophic plate counts (HPC), total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC) and Escherichia coli (EC). Statewide, HPC correlated strongly with physical habitat (elevation, riparian complexity, % canopy presence, and indices of agriculture, pavement, road, pasture, and total disturbance) and chemistry (pH, dissolved O2, specific conductance, acid-neutralizing capacity, dissolved organic carbon, total N, total P, SiO2, and SO4). FC and EC were significantly correlated generally with the river chemistry indicators. TC bacteria significantly correlated with riparian complexity, road disturbance, dissolved O2, and SiO2 and FC. Analyzing the sites by ecoregion, eastern Oregon was characterized by high HPC, FC, EC, nutrient loads, and indices of human disturbance, whereas the Cascades ecoregion had correspondingly low counts of these indicators. The Coast Range and Willamette Valley presented inconsistent indicator patterns that are more difficult to characterize. Attempts to distinguish between ecoregions with the Biolog system were not successful, nor did a statistical pattern emerge between the first five principle components and the other environmental indicators. Our research suggests that some traditional public health microbial indicators may be useful in measuring the environmental condition of lotic systems.     

夯实基础不断建立安全生产长效机制

分析了福人木业有限公司安全管理的现状,从安全管理、安全生产责任制、安全宣传教育和隐患整改四个方面阐述了如何建立安全生产长效机制.     

宁夏汛期地质灾害气象预报预警模型研究

利用近20a宁夏地质灾害及降水资料分析了宁夏地质灾害分布规律,研究了降雨与地质灾害发生的关系,发现连续性降水、短时强降水和暴雨是造成地质灾害的主要气象诱因,并介绍了宁夏汛期地质灾害潜势预报模型及2004年试运行情况.     

THE VOLUME OF FINE SEDIMENT IN POOLS: AN INDEX OF SEDIMENT SUPPLY IN GRAVEL-BED STREAMS1

ABSTRACT: During waning flood flows in gravel-bed streams, finegrained bedload sediment (sand and fine gravel) is commonly winnowed from zones of high shear stress, such as riffles, and deposited in pools, where it mantles an underlying coarse layer. As sediment load increases, more fine sediment becomes available to fill pools. The volume of fine sediment in pools can be measured by probing with a metal rod, and, when expressed as the fraction (V*) of scoured residual pooi volume (residual pool volume with fine sediment removed), can be used as an index of the supply of mobile sediment in a stream channel. Mean values of V* were as high as 0.5 and correlated with qualitative evaluations of sediment supply in eight tributaries of the Trinity River, northwestern California. Fine-sediment volume correlated strongly with scoured pool volume in individual channels, but plots of V* versus pool volume and water surface slope revealed secondary variations in fines volume. In sediment-rich channels, V* correlated positively with scoured pool volume; in sediment-poor channels, V* correlated negatively with water-surface slope. Measuring fine sediment in pools can be a practical method to evaluate and monitor the supply of mobile sediment in gravel-bed streams and to detect and evaluate sediment inputs along a channel network.     

近10年安徽省的各类灾害及发展趋势

安徽是各种灾害频发的省份之一。由于所处的特殊地理位置，旱、涝等气象灾害严重；生物、地质、环境和人为事故灾害等也经常发生并有加重趋势。本文回顾了20世纪90年代安徽上述五类灾害发生的情况，分析了这些灾害的相互关系，并对安徽未来l0年灾害发展趋势作出了宏观预测。     

小口径弹防霉试验初步探讨

本文简述了××小口径弹及其包装材料 ,在模仿野战环境下贮存 ,进行的防霉试验的概况 ,分析了环境条件对试件的影响 ,提出了防霉的措施。