Impact analysis of multi-sensor layout on the source term estimation of hazardous gas leakage

In chemical industry, sensors are used to monitor the leakage and emission of hazardous materials that are used for hazard warning and risk assessment to ensure safety production. The traditional sensor layout designs the scheme at single-layer, and thus causes large deviations in the estimated height and accuracy of source term estimation (STE). In this study, a dual-layer layout scheme for sensors is proposed. The numerical experiments verify that the improved schemes with an equal number of sensors, as well as detection errors, are beneficial to the accuracy of the STE results. The influence of the heights of the sensors and leak source on the results of STE is studied. Results show that the dual-layer sensor scheme with adjacent intervals at high places in the potential search space is highly favorable to locate the leak, and the scheme arranged near the ground is conducive for improving the estimation accuracy of source intensity. This study also compares the STE results of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulated scenarios under different sensor schemes and verifies the effectiveness of the proposed dual-layer sensor deployment scheme with adjacent intervals under turbulence condition.     

营口市生态环境状况评价

根据营口市生态环境调查统计结果,以生物丰度指数、植被覆盖指数、水网密度指数、土地退化指数和环境质量指数为指标,计算出营口市生态环境状况指数为91．17,表明营口市的植被覆盖度高,生物多样性丰富,生态系统稳定,适宜人居住。     

脂肽类生物表面活性剂产生菌的分离及特性研究

从石油污染土壤中分离筛选获得一株产生生物表面活性剂菌株Y8A,经生理生化实验、16S rDNA序列分析等将其鉴定为芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus sp.）.Y8A能在22h内将发酵液的表面张力从68.3mN·m-1降到23.5 mN·m-1.经TLC和傅立叶红外光谱分析, 菌株Y8A产生的生物表面活性剂为脂肽类.20mg·L-1 Ca2+和Fe2+能显著促进其生长和表面活性剂的产生;菌株Y8A在20～30℃,pH 5～12范围内产生表面活性剂的能力较强;LB培养基中添加1%乳糖对生长的影响不大,但能够明显促进Y8A产生生物表面活性剂,而葡萄糖、蔗糖抑制表面活性剂的产生.Y8A能够促进石油降解菌Y1D和F11对石油的降解和功夫菊酯降解菌ZZH对功夫菊酯的生物降解.     

城市污水连续流半亚硝化实现维持机理与工艺创新研究

常温(20～29℃)限氧条件下(DO0.2mg·mL-1),以城市污水A/O除磷工艺处理出水为原水,在推流式好氧反应器中,考察了城市污水连续流半亚硝化实现维持的内在机制与影响因素,开发了一套新型半亚硝化工艺运行模式.试验结果表明,接种污泥性质、反应器污泥浓度(MLSS)和单级反应器好氧/缺氧交替内循环的运行方式是城市污水实现维持半亚硝化的关键影响因素.随着回流比的加大,亚硝氮累积率持续稳定上升,试验获得亚硝氮累积率平均为85%,最高达到96%.长期在低DO条件下运行,污泥沉降性能良好,SVI值在70～110mL.g-1.半亚硝化工艺出水NO2--N/NH4+-N平均为1.0,可为城市污水的厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)提供合适的进水基质.试验后期,总氮(TN)去除率达到50%,批量实验证实去除途经为厌氧氨氧化,这一试验结果为开发低氨氮城市污水同步半亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺提供了研究基础.     

中国机动车污染物排放因子及其修正方法研究

中国机动车污染物排放已成为影响空气质量的重要源。机动车污染的研究中,排放因子的确定是关键。根据机动车使用状况,车用燃料硫含量和行驶状况,运用MOBILE6．2的方法和原理确定了中国各类型机动车HC、CO、NOx的综合排放因子。小型汽油客车国0阶段CO、HC、NOx的综合排放因子分别为34．29g／km、3．45g／km和0．856g／km;国Ⅰ阶段CO、HC、NOx的综合排放因子分别为2．80g／km、0．25g/km和0．40g／km;国Ⅱ阶段CO、HC、NOx的综合排放因子分别为1．39g／km、0．16g／km和0．09g／km。     

企业安全生产状况判别法研究

介绍了从判断企业安全生产状况的几个单项指标入手,建立事故指数、安全管理指数和安全指数等安全指标的综合指标计算方法,通过综合指标的判定以弥补单一指标判定的不足。提出了行业平均指标法、企业平均指标法和定值法等确定基期安全指标的方法,以及安全指示灯（定值法）进行安全生产状况判别的原理与应用。     

Isolation,identification, culture conditions,and laccase production of a wild mushroom 'Huaier'北大核心CSCD

In the present study, fruiting bodies of a wild medicinal mushroom, 'Huaier, ' were collected from Populus canadensis in the Beijing Xiangshan Park. The pure culture strain was obtained from fruiting bodies using the tissue isolation method. It was stored and numbered as XS-01. It was systematically classified using morphological and ITS identification. Further studies were focused on mycelia optimum culture conditions and laccase production by liquid fermentation. A 598-bp partial ITS region sequence (GenBank accession number KY93348) was obtained using PCR method. Phylogenetic tree and genetic distance analysis were performed using the MEGA 6.0 software. The present strain possessed the highest homology (100%) with Perenniporia robiniophila, and the genetic distances were 0.000. Based on the ITS sequencing and morphological characteristics of fruiting bodies and mycelia, XS-01 was identified as P. robiniophila. Based on mycelial growth rate and quality, mycelia optimum culture conditions were revealed to be as follows: the optimum carbon sources were starch and maltose, the optimum nitrogen source was yeast extracts, the optimum C/N ratio range was 30/1 - 60/1, the best growth temperature was 32 °C, the optimum pH was 7, and the optimum growth factor was VB1. Further study of Cu2+ on extracellular laccase production revealed that 1.0 mmol/L Cu2+ could significantly enhance the enzyme production, with the highest activity of 417.5 U/mL when cultured for 96 h and an increase ratio of 93.4% to the control. On the other hand, 2.0 mmol/L Cu2+ can markedly decrease the enzyme production laccase activity at 96 h to 79.0 U/mL, which was 36.6% of that of the control. In conclusion, a pure strain of T. robiniophila with high extracellular laccase activity was obtained, suggesting its potential application for artificial cultivation and laccase production. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

潜流型人工湿地污水处理系统的研究

研究中等负荷有较高去除率的潜流型人工湿地污水处理系统的环境状况,湿地中水体有出水溶解氧值均为０,氧化还原电位－２００－３００ｍＶ之间,ＰＨ值偏酸,出水ＰＨ值稍低于进水,系统中Ｎ化合物主要为ＮＨ３－Ｎ,是ＮＯ３－Ｎ的４－１０倍,ＮＯ３Ｎ的１００－２００倍,说明易于进行氨化作用,而硝化作用在较低水上进行     

深水环境试验技术综述

系统总结了深水环境模拟试验装备的发展历程以及国内外发展状况,介绍了深水环境模拟的2个关键技术——压力和温度环境模拟技术、测试技术与结构状态评估方法.对深水环境模拟试验技术的工程应用进行了归纳和总结,对深水环境模拟试验技术的改进方向和发展趋势进行了展望.     

基于卫星遥感数据的河口区生态环境状况评价

利用黄河三角洲地区中巴资源卫星多光谱影像数据,通过遥感技术方法提取反映生态环境状况的土地退化指数、植被指数、水体密度指数及人类活动指数,对垦利县生态环境进行了定量评价.结果表明,垦利县生态环境状况整体偏差,优、良等级的土地面积仅占全县的24.64%,主要为分布在东北部林地及西南部和中部的部分农用地;中等地面积占44.08%,分布在东部沿海滩涂,西部、中部、东北部的农用地有少量分布;差、劣等级的土地面积占总面积的30.12%,主要为分布在中部和北部的盐荒地.