The Role of Disaggregation of Asset Values in Flood Loss Estimation: A Comparison of Different Modeling Approaches at the Mulde River,Germany

In loss estimation there is a spatial mismatch of hazard data that are commonly modeled on an explicit raster level and exposure data that are often available only for aggregated administrative units. Usually disaggregation methods that use ancillary information to distribute lumped exposure data in a finer spatial resolution help to bridge this gap. However, the actual influence of different mapping techniques and ancillary data on the final loss estimation has not been analyzed yet. In this paper three methods are applied to disaggregate residential building assets using two kinds of land use/land cover (LULC) data. The resulting disaggregated assets are validated and compared using census data of the residential building number on the community and constituency level. In addition, the disaggregated assets are taken to estimate residential building losses due to the flood in August 2002 in 21 municipalities on the River Mulde in Saxony, Germany. Losses are calculated with the help of four loss models. In general, disaggregation helps to decrease the error variance within the loss estimation. It must, however, be stated that the application of sophisticated disaggregation methods does not lead to significant improvements compared to the straightforward binary method. Therefore more effort should instead be put into the provision of high-resolution LULC data. Finally, the remaining uncertainties in loss estimation are high and demand further improvements in all modeling aspects.     

Predicting vehicle fuel consumption patterns using floating vehicle data

The status of energy consumption and air pollution in China is serious. It is important to analyze and predict the different fuel consumption of various types of vehicles under different influence factors. In order to fully describe the relationship between fuel consumption and the impact factors, massive amounts of floating vehicle data were used. The fuel consumption pattern and congestion pattern based on large samples of historical floating vehicle data were explored, drivers'' information and vehicles'' parameters from different group classification were probed, and the average velocity and average fuel consumption in the temporal dimension and spatial dimension were analyzed respectively. The fuel consumption forecasting model was established by using a Back Propagation Neural Network. Part of the sample set was used to train the forecasting model and the remaining part of the sample set was used as input to the forecasting model.     

有序介孔碳载金/L-赖氨酸/纳米金修饰电极的制备及其对邻苯二酚、对苯二酚的检测响应研究

通过化学还原的方法合成有序介孔碳负载纳米金粒子,并构筑有序介孔碳载金/L-赖氨酸/纳米金复合膜修饰玻碳电极;利用扫描电镜观察介孔碳和介孔碳复合膜的微观结构,并用循环伏安法、电化学阻抗谱表征自组装电极的过程.在此基础上用差分脉冲伏安法研究对苯二酚和邻苯二酚混合物在该电极上的电催化氧化,研制了一种基于有序介孔碳载金/L-赖氨酸/纳米金复合膜修饰电极分别检测对苯二酚和邻苯二酚的传感器.在最优的实验条件下,该传感器在对苯二酚和邻苯二酚浓度为1×10-6～8×10-4mol·L-1的范围内具有良好的线性关系,检出限分别为3×10-7mol·L-1、7×10-7mol·L-1.     

CEMS比对监测数据偏差研究

简述CEMS比对监测技术背景,总结实际监测工作中导致数据偏差的各方面因素,分析问题产生原因并提出解决措施和建议。     

基于遥感监测的黄海绿潮漂移路径及分布面积特征分析

本文利用2008～2012年的多源卫星遥感序列图像,动态监测各年绿潮发生的漂移路径、影响海域面积,得到各年绿潮漂移趋势、分布面积和最大分布面积出现时间。根据监测结果,划分出影响绿潮漂移路径的关键区域,并分析了2008、2009和2010年关键区域内各年绿潮漂移方向和面积变化情况。     

基于DEA的上海市非中心城区工业生态效率研究

运用数据包络分析（DataEnvelopmentanalysis,DEA）的方法,从环境污染和资源消耗两个方面,建立了工业生态效率评价的指标体系,评价了2008年上海市非中心城区各区县的工业生态效率。结果表明,松江区处于上海市工业生态效率的前沿面,9个区县中有2／3区县的工业生态效率优于上海市平均水平。其中,崇明、嘉定和青浦处于规模报酬递增阶段,奉贤、闵行、浦东、金山、宝山则处于规模报酬递减阶段。最后,基于C2R模型对各区县的投入产出情况进行了优化调整,认为削减SO2的排放量和减少能源的消耗应是各区县提高工业生态效率的关键。     

烟气排放连续监测系统的数据准确性研究

随着全国环境自动监控建设任务的完成,“十二五”期间要把探索环境监控数据的应用摆在突出位置,使环境监控数据在环境质量监管、排污费征收、污染物总量减排核查核算、环境执法和环境决策等方面发挥最大效能,最重要的是保证环境监控数据的真实性和准确性。CEMS作为废气自动监控系统,结合CEMS数据应用到环境管理的需求,探讨确保CEMS数据真实性和准确性应注意的事项,通过运用这些注意事项分析实时在线监控数据,能发现CEMS数据中存在的问题,提高CEMS数据的准确性和真实性。     

滁州市震害预测项目中地图数据处理方法研究

本文以滁州市震害预测项目为例,介绍了将DWG格式数据转换成SHAPE格式数据的方法和整个数据处理流程。总结了在数据处理过程中摸索出的数据错误检查和修改方法。     

青海省洪水变化情况的研究

为了研究青海省洪水变化情况,搜集了青海省内43个水文站的相关数据,其中选取具有长期观测资料的32个水文站资料,采用P-Ⅲ曲线作为其理论频率曲线,并与各站自建站-1974年和建站-2008年的水文计算成果进行比较,结果表明青海省水情发生了较大的变化,且在各水文分区的变化也不相同。     

论环境监测过程中的质量保证工作

介绍了环境监测工作中常用的质量控制方法。认为应通过质量控制工作,使监测数据符合五性：代表性、准确性、精密性、可比性、完整性。