"扩大生产者责任"原则及其在循环经济发展中的作用

循环经济是我国实现“走新型工业化道路”的具体实践模式,是有效协调我国社会进步、经济发展、资源利用与环境保护的重要手段。“扩大生产者责任”（EPR）原则符合循环经济的基本理念,是实现循环型社会的主要政策工具。从“扩大生产者责任”原则的目的和定义入手,指出扩大生产者责任是手段而不是目的。鉴于生产者在产品生命链中的核心作用。扩大生产者责任可以有效地实现废弃产品回收责任在不同利益群体之间的分配,实现产品废弃物回收成本的最小化,从根本上改变现有的生产和生活摸式。     

锂离子电池替代铅蓄电池的环境风险对比分析与思考

目前中国市场上使用的蓄电池主要为锂离子电池和铅蓄电池,这两种电池在组成材料、技术成熟度、价格水平、生产使用过程及再利用过程等方面等皆不相同。通过对比分析两种蓄电池环境风险,可以发现锂离子电池和铅蓄电池各自存在优缺点,要"取代"或"淘汰"铅蓄电池是不全面和不客观的,目前比较切合实际的是实现两者的取长补短、优势互补和共同发展。     

辐照技术在城市固体废弃物资源化中的应用

介绍了我国固体废弃物的分布处理现状及存在问题,对辐射技术在污泥、建筑垃圾及高分子固体垃圾等方面废弃物资源化中的应用进行了综述,探讨了辐射技术在固体废弃物资源化方面的应用前景。     

VOC的回收与处理技术简介

介绍了几种以VOC废气中回收溶剂的方法，其分析其优缺点和适用范围，对回收有困难或不经济的含VOC废气，建议采用焚烧法或催化燃烧法进行处理。     

Socially optimal and fund-balanced advanced recycling fees and subsidies in a competitive forward and reverse supply chain

Advanced recycling fees (ARFs) and government subsidy fees are important for curtailing the consumption of new products and encouraging recycling and disposal of end-of-life (EOL) products. We introduce a model consisting of a leader (the Environmental Protection Agency, EPA) and two groups of followers (MIS firms and recyclers) consisting of manufacturers, importers and sellers, and recyclers which compete in both consuming and recycling markets. The EPA determines the ARFs paid by the MIS firms and the fees subsidizing recyclers to maximize the social welfare in closed-loop supply chains where the MIS firms and recyclers attempt to maximize their respective profit functions. To compare with current practice, we describe a conceptual fund balance model to determine the ARF and subsidy fee on the basis of the balance between total collected ARFs and expenditure of subsidies. Using numerical examples for the laptop computer market in Taiwan, we demonstrate that our results outperform the current practice.