窗用材料与建筑节能

门窗对建筑耗能的影响,近年已引起人们的关注,为了寻求窗用材料与建筑节能的对应关系,对各种窗用材料与节能的关系进行了理论分析,并对其关系进行了较详细的讨论.探讨其节能规律,以其为节能窗的设计提供一些可靠依据.     

高效液相色谱法测定环境空气酰胺类化合物

高效液相色谱法测定环境空气中酰胺类化合物,采用多孔玻板吸收管采集环境空气中的酰胺类化合物,吸收液经0.22μm膜过滤后,经C18色谱柱分离,采用紫外检测器检测。丙烯酰胺、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺的检出限分别为0.04μg/m3、0.000 2 mg/m3、0.000 2mg/m3（10 ml吸收液,采集15 L环境空气样品计）。高、中、低三种浓度三种酰胺类化合物的回收率区间为70.8%~90.2%,相对标准偏差范围小于9.6%。该方法操作简单,结果准确、可靠,适用于环境空气中酰胺类化合物的快速、准确监测。     

Energy and CO2 from high performance recycled aggregate production

The use of recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) in applications other than road sub-layers is limited by two factors: the high porosity of RCA in comparison with natural aggregates, and the restrictions set forth in standards and building codes. Research efforts aimed at alleviating these restrictions are focused on improving the quality of coarse RCAs by reducing the amount of adhered cement pastes, which is the weakest element in this system and influences the rheological behaviour.This paper presents an analysis of the environmental impacts of the recent mechanical and thermo-mechanical processing techniques which produce high performance RCA by reducing the volume of adhered cement paste. Based on published data, processing scenarios were established. These scenarios permit making rough estimates of energy consumption, CO₂ emissions, fines generation and product quality. Using these data and the available emission factors from several countries, an objective comparison was made between these innovating processes and conventional recycling.The production of fines increases from 40% up to as much as 70% as the volume of adhered cement paste on the RCA is reduced. Fuel fed thermo-mechanical process energy consumption, per tonne of recycled aggregate, varies between 36 and 62 times higher than conventional recycling processes. Mechanical processing, combined with microwave heating, increases energy consumption from 3 to a little more than 4 times conventional recycling. Consequently, CO₂ emissions released by conventional coarse aggregate production go from 1.5 to 4.5 kgCO₂/t, to around 200 kgCO₂/t, for that of fossil fuel fed thermo-mechanical treatments.Mechanical and mechanical/microwave treatments appear to have the greatest environmental potential. Notwithstanding, the further development of markets for fines is crucial for reducing environmental loads.     

Light induced transformation of isoprothiolane on glass,soil, and plant surface

Photolysis of isoprothiolane (di-isopropyl 1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidenemalonate) was studied as a thin film on glass surface, soil surface, and plant surface. Three photoproducts, namely 1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidenepropane, 1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidenemalonic acid, and 1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidenemethane have been identified on the basis of GC-MS method. The major route of photodegradation of this compound is through the de-esterification process, followed by de-carboxylation and rearrangement. The rate of photodegradation in all cases followed first-order kinetics with a statistically significant correlation coefficient.     

玻璃窑高温烟气净化工艺设计

通过分析已实施的工程运行情况,总结了玻璃窑烟气采用湿法净化系统存在的一些问题:一是高温腐蚀非常严重,二是结垢堵塞严重,再就是水处理系统的冷热水分层问题。供类似工程的方案设计参考。     

上海工业区玻璃表面多环芳烃分布特征与溯源

利用GC-MS对上海工业区玻璃表面16种优控多环芳烃(PAHs)进行了定量分析.结果表明,宝山工业区、吴泾化工区和金山化工区玻璃表面PAHs平均含量分别为10.66,16.48,31.94mg/m2,工业区附近对照点PAHs平均含量分别为2.7,8.86,4.18mg/m2.各采样点玻璃表面不同环数PAHs分布特征相似,以3环和4环PAHs为主,平均含量分别占∑16PAHs的25%和47%;其次为5环和6环PAHs,分别占∑16PAHs的14%和9%,最低为2环PAHs,仅占5%.单体PAH以Phe、Fluo、Py和Chry为主.源解析表明,玻璃表面PAHs主要来源于煤和焦炭燃烧,部分来源于石油燃烧.质量标准化毒性当量浓度范围在0.07~3.23mg/g之间,对毒性当量贡献最大的单体PAH分别是BaP,BbF,BkF,DahA.     

激光点火器耐压密封及其影响

目的促进激光点火技术在安全弹药领域的应用。方法从激光点火器作用后承受高动态压力的需求出发,研究基于玻璃封接技术的激光点火器密封性能及其影响因素。确定采用箱式电阻炉对激光点火器壳体与透镜间进行玻璃密封的温度为430℃,保温时间为13～15min。对不同始发装药、不同密封工艺的激光点火器透镜发火后,其表面光学膜层变化、与激光点火器相连接的光纤端面损伤程度进行分析,研究点火前后承受气压性能变化。结果始发装药为BPN等点火类药剂时,激光点火器具有较高的动态密封性能,可稳定达到30 MPa下2 min不泄露;始发装药为BNCP等起爆类药剂时,随着装药量的增大,密封性能变差。结论改善玻璃封接工艺有利于提高密封性,如封接长度变长,发火后耐压密封性会有所提升。     

新型环保节能建筑材料——泡沫玻璃

主要介绍了泡沫玻璃的概念、所用原料及生产,以及做为一种新型环保节能建筑材料的优良性能和使用技术,并分析了它的使用前景.     

阴极射线管锥玻璃碱性浸出渣制备泡沫玻璃

以废弃的阴极射线管锥玻璃碱性浸出渣及屏玻璃混合粉末为原料烧制泡沫玻璃。考察了发泡温度、屏玻璃加入量、发泡剂种类、发泡剂加入量、稳泡剂添加量对所制备的泡沫玻璃密度及抗压强度的影响。实验结果表明：在发泡温度800 ℃、屏玻璃加入量50%（w）、稳泡剂硼酸加入量5%（以锥玻璃碱性浸出渣及屏玻璃粉末总质量为基准,下同）、发泡剂SiC加入量15%最佳条件下烧制的泡沫玻璃密度达417 kg/m³,抗压强度达1.09 MPa,可满足建筑用泡沫玻璃的Ⅳ型物理性能指标。本实验烧制的泡沫玻璃的Pb浸出量为1.27 mg/L,Ba浸出量为0.06 mg/L,均满足固体废物的浸出毒性标准。     

Engineering properties of asphalt concrete made with recycled glass

Taiwan is an island nation with high population density: 23 million people living in a total land area of 30 000 sq. km. The island has transformed from an agricultural society to an industrial one in the past three decades. Coming with the transformation is a cumulated waste problem. Taiwan produces nearly 5 million tons of waste each year, of which 10% is of glass materials. Bureau of Highway Department funded a research program to investigate ways of recycling the glass waste. This report presents information on the program and laboratory/field test data. Materials used in the test program included 85/100 asphalt, Type II modified asphalt, and treated glass waste. Four glass contents: 0, 5, 10, and 15%, in terms of the total aggregate weight, were used in the mixture designs for casting series of 10 cm diameter by 6.35 cm disk specimens. Tests including Marshall stability value, dry/wet moisture damage, skid resistance, light reflection, water permeability, and compaction were carried out in accordance with the ASTM and AASHTO procedures. The test results reveal that glass waste is a viable material for asphalt concrete that has been widely used in pavement that offers profound engineering and economic advantages.