废旧家电回收体系建设的思考

废旧家电作为资源已被充分认识，介绍废旧家电的回收现状和回收处置的重要性，分析回收体系建设的六种渠道，结合我国部分大中城市的回收实践，探讨并提出了回收体系建设的参考途径。     

中小城镇生活垃圾污染防治策略探讨

本文分析了我国中小城镇生活垃圾污染的现状和特征，本着因地制宜的原则提出了适合我国广大中小城镇垃圾污染治理的几个策略，其中的垃圾三类收集回收利用系统和建立在垃圾有效分选基础上的垃圾综合处理工艺是比较符合我国的国情，并在此基础上提出了中小城镇垃圾污染预防的几点建议。     

Spatial analysis of plant detritus processing in a Mediterranean river type: the case of the River Tirso Basin,Sardinia, Italy

The river continuum concept represents the most general framework addressing the spatial variation of both structure and function in river ecosystems.In the Mediterranean ecoregion,summer drought events and dams constitute the main sources of local disturbance to the structure and functioning of river ecosystems occurring in the river basin.In this study,we analysed patterns of spatial variation of detritus processing in a 7th order river of the Mediterranean ecoregion(River Tirso,Sardinia0Italy)and in three 4th order sub-basins which were exposed to different summer drought pressures.The study was carried out on phragmites australis and Alnus glutionsa leaf detritus at 31 field sites in seasonal field experiment Detritus processing rates were higher for Alnus glutionsa than for Phragmites australis plant detritus.Processing rates of Alnus glutionsa leaves varied among seasons and study sites from 0.006d^-1 to 0.189d^-1 and those of Phragmites australis leaves ranged from 0.0008d^-1 to 0.102d^-1,with the lowest values occurring at sites exposed to summer drought.Seasons and sites accounted for a significant proportion of such variability.Alder detritus decay rates generally decreased with increasing stream order,while reed detritus decay rates generallyincreased on the same spatial gradient.Summer drought events affected these spatial patterns of variation by influencing significantly the decay rates of both plant detritus.The comparisons among and within sub-basins showed strong negative influence of summer drought on detritus processing rates.Similarly,in the entire River Tirso basin decay rates were always lower at disturbed than at undisturbed sites for each stream order;decay rates of reed detritus remained lower at those sites even after the end of the disturbance events,while alder decay rates recovered rapidly from the summer drought perturbations.The different recovery of the processing rates of the two leaves could also explain the different patterns of spatial variation observed between the two leaves.     

废弃热固塑料回收利用对策研究

随着电子产品、汽车报废高峰期的到来，作为其基本材料的热固性塑料的废弃量增长迅速。通过对国内外废弃热固塑料资源化技术进行分析，可以发现目前废弃热固塑料资源化存在的主要问题是收集困难，分类辨识技术低。由于废弃热固塑料的来源存在明显差异，在其回收体系中分别采用P-R模式、D-R模式和P-C-R模式，对不同来源的废弃热固塑料进行回收；并通过制定经济激励措施，细化并强制执行塑料分类标识标准，规范再生行业，加快废弃塑料分类辨识技术研发等对策来促进废弃热固塑料的资源化。     

废电池的环境污染及资源化价值分析

分析了各类废电池的资源化,安再生利用价值由高到低顺序依次为铅酸蓄电池、镍镉、镍氢电池、普通干电池。电池中含有的主要污染物质包括重金属以及酸、碱等电解质溶液。对环境和人体健康危害较大的废电池类别主要为：（1）含汞电池，指氧化汞电池，部分汞含量较高的锌锰和碱锰干电池；（2）铅酸蓄电池；（3）含镉电池，主要是Ni-Cd电池。废电池中化学物质释放进入环境过程是在电池包壳破损后发生的，或者是电池包壳本身发生浸蚀作用。普通家用干电池中的污染物质大多呈固态，由电池内部迁移到环境中是一种缓慢的过程。文中还分析了废电池污染环境的主要途径、采用各种不同处理、处置方式管理废电池可能引起的环境污染。     

造纸废水处理过程的高斯过程回归软测量建模

针对造纸废水处理系统的时变性、非线性和复杂性等特点,本文提出一种基于高斯过程回归的软测量模型.基于平方指数协方差、线性协方差和周期性协方差函数组合构建了7种高斯过程回归模型,分别对出水化学需氧量和出水悬浮固形物浓度进行回归预测.此外,还对比了多元线性回归模型、主成分回归模型、偏最小二乘模型、人工神经网络模型和高斯回归模型的预测效果.对比计算结果表明无论是对输出变量的训练拟合还是预测,高斯过程回归模型的拟合效果均优于非高斯过程回归模型.高斯过程回归模型的预测结果表明：对于出水化学需氧量,线性协方差函数与周期性协方差函数的组合模型可以取得最好的预测结果;对于出水悬浮固形物,平方指数协方差函数与线性协方差函数组合模型可以取得最好的预测结果.     

农村生活污水处理工艺优选方法研究

结合太湖流域农村生活污水处理的要求,筛选出目前太湖流域农村所采用的5种主要污水处理工艺,从经济、技术和运行管理3个层面确定了6个评价指标。基于熵权理论和灰色关联分析理论,建立了太湖流域农村生活污水处理工艺优选的熵权灰色关联分析模型。对备选方案与理想方案的关联度分析,得出工艺的优劣排序,并进行了评价结果的分析,为农村生活污水处理的工艺选择提供了较好的参考依据。     

Renewable energy consumption and its environmental impacts: A meta-regression analysis

This study involves a meta-analytical review of several articles, using the closest assumptions for the independent variable (renewable energy consumption), to determine the relationship with its environmental impacts. Furthermore, Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) in 2015 pays attention to related problems in both developing and developed countries. The effects of carbon emissions, natural resources, renewable energy consumption, and non-renewable energy on the environment are also reviewed. Following the separation of studies, the closest assumption was observed for the independent variable (energy source applications) of renewable energy. The meta-analysis was obtained using OpenMEE and JASP, and the results show the observed outcome, which was expressed in percentage. Based on the analysis, the Renewable Energy model has a value of 0.15, with the largest forest plots of 0.73, 0.69, and 0.80, recorded for studies 13, 19, and 23, respectively, while the least forest plots were recorded for studies 6, 11, 12, 15, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26, and 28. Therefore, renewable energy consumption, specifically in the mining industry, has the capacity to influence global warming. The respective industry has a unique influence on the processes that require renewable energy, for instance, the coal mining industry produces a smaller forest plot value, compared to oil and gas, or other mineral industries.     

Junk mail in residential homes in the United States: Insights from a sub-urban home in California

Although systematic studies tracking junk mail sent to residential homes are lacking, available reports indicate it is a growing problem in many urban centers worldwide. Junk mail increases the number of trees harvested each year, consumes a substantial amount of energy, causes pollution to air, water and soil and wastes a substantial amount of time sorting, mailing and recycling. Junk mail collected at one residence in the United States for a period of one full year is analyzed to find out the main contributors to this urban problem, what residents should do to reduce or eliminate it. Results indicate that three major businesses are responsible for over 70% of total junk mail sent (n = 1255) including credit card, mortgage and insurance corporations. To encourage environmental sustainability, several strategies that can help businesses reduce junk mail are suggested including new advertising techniques, use of other outlets like billboards, outreach events in social functions and adopting eco-friendly techniques in any junk mail production. Considering the revenue and jobs created from junk mail business, and the absence of government regulation and lack of consensus amongst individuals, environmental groups and businesses on what needs to be done; individuals are urged to explore ways to mitigate the problem and a number of recommendations are given.     

The social side of spatial decision support systems: Investigating knowledge integration and learning

Spatial decision support systems (SDSS) represent a step forward in efforts to account for the spatial dimension in environmental decision-making. The aim of SDSS is to help policymakers and practitioners access, interpret and understand information from data, analyses and models, and guide them in identifying possible actions during a decision-making process. Researchers, however, report difficulties in up-take of SDSS by the intended users. Some suggest that this field would benefit from investigation of the social aspects involved in SDSS design, development, testing and use. Borrowing insights from the literature on science-policy interactions, we explore two key social processes: knowledge integration and learning. Using a sample of 36 scientific papers concerning SDSS in relation to environmental issues, we surveyed whether and how the selected papers reported on knowledge integration and learning. We found that while many of the papers mentioned communication and collaboration with prospective user groups or stakeholders, this was seldom underpinned by a coherent methodology for enabling knowledge integration and learning to surface. This appears to have hindered SDSS development and later adoption by intended users.