上海市陆源入海排污口污染物分析与评价研究

对上海市12个陆源入海排污口污染状况进行了研究。在常规项目监测的基础上,采用GC-MS定性分析了样品中的有毒有机物。同时还对5个排污口进行了遗传毒性的实验分析。结果表明,某些排污口常规污染指标均符合排放标准但同时又分析鉴定出大量有毒有机物存在的现象。文章对监测结果加以细致分析和评价研究,提出在排污口监测中应当引入有毒有机污染物和遗传毒性的监测。     

宁波市主要湖库浮游藻类调查及营养状态研究

对宁波市11个湖库水质进行了调研,包括浮游藻类和理化指标。从浮游藻类的生物量、优势种以及藻类群落组成等指标评价了水质;还用修正的营养状态指数法评价了水质。结果表明,部分湖库已经出现富营养化。用浮游藻类评价与修正的营养状态指数法评价这些湖库,结果不完全一致,对此做了原因分析。同时提出防止湖库受污染的几点建议。     

How multilateral financial institutions promote sustainable water infrastructure planning through economic appraisal: case studies from coastal cities of China

Sustainable urban water infrastructure planning is vital for all cities in developing countries, where rapid urbanization has exacerbated the increasingly burdened environment. Water sustainability is a prerequisite for economic growth, social equity, and living quality in urban areas. This paper documents the current challenges and summarizes the solutions adopted in water infrastructure planning and management. Then, case studies of how multilateral financial institutions have promoted sustainable water infrastructure planning through economic appraisal and the novel approaches adopted for sustainable water infrastructure planning and asset management, are presented for the three cities of Jiaozhou, Cixi, and Fangchenggang. Conclusions are made based on the comparison and analysis of the experiences drawn from the case studies of how economic analysis could help promote sustainable water infrastructure planning and management. It is illustrated that economic analysis that considers ecosystem services supply should be employed more in water infrastructure planning, operation, and management in China.     

Scientific evidence,expert entrepreneurship,and ecosystem narratives in the UK Natural Environment White Paper

The Natural Environment White Paper represents the most important conservation policy shift in the United Kingdom (UK) in twenty years. It formalises the ecosystem approach within national policy objectives and emphasises the economic value of ecosystem services. By analysing the use of various evidence sources, the involvement of science entrepreneurs, and the development of policy narratives, our goal was to understand factors that influenced adoption of an ecosystem service framework in the UK. We interviewed 48 policy actors and found that centrally-sponsored synthesis reports with entrepreneurial authors provided the most influential expert-based knowledge in the development of the White Paper. More recently published reports had greater influence, yet the window of opportunity for scientific evidence having policy impact was greater in the problem-setting stages of policy development. The interaction between teams preparing syntheses and expert entrepreneurs helped influence the construction of strategic policy narratives. Those narratives increased the impact of scientific evidence by communicating and framing key policy-salient messages, and brokering between broad ecosystem-based and environmental economics narratives. The combination of ecological and economics evidence was particularly salient in the UK case due to the context of continued biodiversity loss and the acceptability of valuation narratives within central government. Our findings suggest that evidence impact varies at different stages of the policy process, and that this is driven by the interplay of contextual factors like policy timing, personal influence, and the competition between different sets of actors and narratives.     

高校内部审计与质量控制

内部审计工作是一种组织内部的独立客观的监督和评价活动，它通过审查和评价经营活动及内部控制的适当性、合法性和有效性来促进组织目标的实现．近年来，内部审计在加强高校经济管理、促进提高效益等方面发挥着越来越大的作用，这在客观上对内涵建设（质量控制）提出了新的要求．本文运用质量控制理论，针对目前高校内部审计工作现状，围绕高校内部审计质量控制问题进行了分析和探讨．     

British directors perspectives on the impact of health and safety on corporate performance

Occupational health and safety is established as a factor in international competitiveness, but we question the relevance of this economic argument at the organisational level. On this basis we assess the place of health and safety in the senior management agenda, based on findings from recent market research. Out of this we take a brief perspective on the literature on performance assessment and corporate reputation, and their relationship with health and safety in the workplace. We then report original in-depth research on directors' attitudes to and practice in workplace health and safety. We conclude with a summary of the key issues and a discussion of directions for further work.     

Exploring the relationship between climate change and violent conflict

ABSTRACT

Does climate change lead to violent conflict? This article reviews the existing literature connecting climatic conditions to conflict. It finds that the existing literature has not detected a robust and general effect from climate to conflict onset. Moreover, there exists scientific agreement that climatic changes can contribute to conflict under some conditions and through certain pathways. In particular, the recent literature offers considerable suggestive evidence that climatic changes can lead to conflict in countries and/or regions, which are dependent on agriculture, host politically excluded groups, and have ineffective institutions. Future research should focus not only on understanding of the pathways and contexts in which climatic changes are most likely to increase or exacerbate the risk of conflict but also work to understand the mechanisms by which climate variability and change might cause conflict.     

加强环境监测第三方检测机构质量管理方法研究

第三方检测机构的监测质量直接关系到监测数据的有效性,在使用正常的质控手段外,还可以采用要求强制参与能力验证,对现场监测开展飞行检查,跟踪样品分析的质控过程,对实验室进行现场符合性检查,对质量体系运行考核,跟踪质量管理计划的落实情况等质管手段加强对第三方检测机构的质量控制与管理,规范检测市场,树立质量第一的价值观,使一批技术和管理先进、检测能力雄厚的第三方检测机构成为政府公共检测事业的补充和帮手。     

Creating an academic landscape of sustainability science: an analysis of the citation network

Sustainability is an important concept for society, economics, and the environment, with thousands of research papers published on the subject annually. As sustainability science becomes a distinctive research field, it is important to define sustainability clearly and grasp the entire structure, current status, and future directions of sustainability science. This paper provides an academic landscape of sustainability science by analyzing the citation network of papers published in academic journals. A topological clustering method is used to detect the sub-domains of sustainability science. Results show the existence of 15 main research clusters: Agriculture, Fisheries, Ecological Economics, Forestry (agroforestry), Forestry (tropical rain forest), Business, Tourism, Water, Forestry (biodiversity), Urban Planning, Rural Sociology, Energy, Health, Soil, and Wildlife. Agriculture, Fisheries, Ecological Economics, and Forestry (agroforestry) clusters are predominant among these. The Energy cluster is currently developing, as indicated by the age of papers in the cluster, although it has a relatively small number of papers. These results are compared with those obtained by natural language processing. Education, Biotechnology, Medical, Livestock, Climate Change, Welfare, and Livelihood clusters are uniquely extracted by natural language processing, because they are common topics across clusters in the citation network.     

关中地区滑坡 泥石流灾害遥感调查研究及其方法探讨

本文通过利用综合遥感技术对陕西省关中地区滑坡、泥石流灾害的重点研究,总结了该地区滑坡、泥石流灾害的分布特征与发生规律,并分析其主要诱发因素,建立滑坡、泥石流的航、卫片影像特征和解译标志。在此基础上,我们将以关中地区为例,介绍利用综合遥感技术调查滑坡、泥石流灾害的工作方法和成果。