优质蛋白玉米籽粒超微结构与品质性状的相关研究

以两个优质蛋白玉米（QPM）群体（T34QPMC3和陕综5号／O2C0）为试材，采用胚乳硬质度0，1，2，3，4五级分类法，对籽粒进行分析、观察．结果表时：胚乳硬质度越高，籽粒物理性状越好，蛋白质品质越差；硬质度越低，籽粒物理性状越差，蛋白质品质越好．在半硬质胚乳奥帕克-2玉米中，胚乳硬质度、籽粒密度的差异主要表现于胚乳内部组织，而胚乳边缘组织无差异．胚乳内部组织结构的疏密排布、淀粉粒形状、均匀住、角质化程度决定了籽粒物理性状的优劣；胚乳内部组织中基质蛋白形态、密度以及与淀粉粒结合紧密程度决定了优质蛋白玉米胚乳营养品质．     

用SSR标记检测同源四倍体与二倍体水稻的遗传差异

随机选用分布于水稻(Oryza stativa L.)12条染色体上的15对SSR(simplej sequence repeats)引物，对18种中科院成都生物所培育的四倍体水稻和9种大面积种植的二倍体水稻进行了SSR多态性分析．11对具多态性的引物共检测到33条多态性条带，平均每对引物检测到3个等位基因．研究结果发现，所用同源四倍体水稻的基因组与二倍体水稻基因组大部分相同，只是在某些位点上具有差异，并筛选出部分SSR标记来区分二倍体与其同源四倍体．本研究还对二倍体与同源四倍体之间遗传差异的原因进行了初步的探讨．图2表2参12     

山东某淀粉厂污水处理改造工程

介绍了采用UASB SBR工艺处理淀粉废水的工程实例 ,UASB反应器采用中温消化 ,水力停留时间 32h ,有机负荷 7～ 8kg m3 ·d ,CODCr去除率大于 90 %。SBR池周期为 12h ,滗水率 5 0 %。在进水平均CODCr=10 0 0 0mg L时 ,处理后出水CODCr<15 0mg L ,可达标排放     

有机碳源物对淹水土壤中氮素转化的影响

八周淹水培养试验表明：木质素对土壤矿质氮影响不大，纤维素则影响强烈，而淀粉的影响比纤维素更为强烈持久．硫铵与纤维素或淀粉配施时，氮的固持作用大于矿化作用，在培养期间均没有释放出氮素．在八周时间内．氨基酸态氮趋向增加，表明是微生物对氮素的固持作用；氨基糖态氮占全氮比例很低而且变化不大；其它有机组分氮在短期内的变化没有明显的规律性．     

碘化钾-淀粉试纸法测定余氯

基于余氯对碘化钾的氧化作用和碘淀粉反应，本文提出了测定余氯的碘化钾－淀粉试纸法。研究了最佳测试条件，用于测定医院污水中的余氯，获得满意结果。测量范围为１．０－１０．０ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

水解酸化-UASB-SBR工艺处理改性淀粉废水研究

以 3种高浓度改性淀粉废水 (氧化淀粉、酯化淀粉和醚化淀粉 )为研究对象 ,采用水解酸化 上向流厌氧生物法(UASB) 活性污泥法 (SBR)组合工艺 ,从设计、调试、运行和技术分析来研究该工艺的可行性。研究结果表明 :该工艺处理改性淀粉废水是可行的 ,对不同种类的改性淀粉废水具有较强的适应性。     

KMnO4/H2SO4引发制备淀粉改性絮凝剂的研究

以高锰酸钾为引发剂,制备淀粉-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物.研究酸浓度、引发剂浓度、单体浓度、温度和加料方式对接枝反应的影响.结果表明,少量KMnO4(0·45mmol·l-1)和H2SO4(0·8mmol·l-1)可有效引发淀粉-丙烯酰胺接枝共聚反应,接枝效率达到90%以上,分子量大大提高,对高岭土的絮凝效果较好.     

Differences in the quality of steamed hull-less barley and wheat cakes北大核心CSCD

In this study, three different hull-less barley varieties were used to prepare steamed cakes, and their nutritional value, sensory qualities, textural properties, and in vitro starch hydrolysis were evaluated. The results showed that the contents of total dietary fiber (4.50%-5.12%), β-glucan (2.96%-3.96%), total flavonoids (12.56-38.73 mg/100 g), and γ-aminobutyric acid (5.08-9.53 mg/100 g) in the steamed hull-less barley cakes were significantly higher than that in the steamed wheat cake, which were 0.65%, 0.23%, 3.93 mg/(100 g), and 2.63 mg/(100 g), respectively. The sensory properties of steamed ordinary hull-less barley and wheat cakes were not significantly different, but the steamed 08-1127 (waxy hull-less barley) cake was softer and out of shape. The springiness, resilience, cohesiveness, gumminess, and adhesiveness of steamed ordinary hull-less barley cakes were similar to those of steamed wheat cake, while those of steamed 08-1127 cakes were significantly lower than those of steamed ordinary hull-less barley cakes. Steamed hull-less barley cake also showed a maximum starch hydrolysis rate (38.76%-42.74%) that was lower than that of steamed wheat cake (49.92%), and the contents of rapidly (11.58%-13.16%) and slowly digested starch (5.34%-7.56%) were lower than that of steamed wheat cake (17.21% and 15.97%, respectively). In addition, the glycemic (59.37-61.67) and hydrolysis indexes (35.82-40.00) were lower than those of steamed wheat cake (76.66 and 67.30, respectively), and the contents of resistant starch (2.74%-3.55%) were higher than those of wheat steamed cake (1.68%). Therefore, the steamed cakes of ordinary hull-less barley had a higher content of nutritional components than the steamed cake of wheat, and the in vitro starch hydrolysis parameters were better than those of steamed wheat cake. When it is necessary to consider both nutritional and sensory qualities, ordinary hull-less barley can be selected as the raw material for steamed cakes, but waxy hull-less barley is not suitable for making steamed cakes. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

马铃薯淀粉废水的预处理技术及应用研究

马铃薯是淀粉加工工业的重要原料,在马铃薯淀粉生产过程中需要消耗大量的水,从而产生含高浓度有机物和悬浮物的废水,如不妥善处理而直接排放,将会严重影响周围水体的功能。马铃薯淀粉废水中含有大量泥砂、淀粉颗粒及高浓度有机物质,采用预处理方法降低这些物质的含量,对于后续工艺的运行十分关键。本文总结了在淀粉废水预处理中常用的技术方法,并对今后的发展方向进行预测。