排序方式: 共有13条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
11.
环境噪声监测自动化是环境噪声监测发展的必然趋势。该文探讨了道路交通噪声自动监测系统的组成以及在相应的环保宣传方面的应用。 相似文献
12.
Brazil’s Cuiabá- Santarém (BR-163) Highway: The Environmental Cost of Paving a Soybean Corridor Through the Amazon 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fearnside PM 《Environmental management》2007,39(5):601-614
Brazil’s Cuiabá-Santarém (BR-163) Highway provides a valuable example of ways in which decision-making procedures for infrastructure
projects in tropical forest areas need to be reformulated in order to guarantee that environmental concerns are properly weighed.
BR-163, which is slated to be paved as an export corridor for soybeans via the Amazon River, traverses an area that is largely
outside of Brazilian government control. A climate of generalized lawlessness and impunity prevails, and matters related to
environment and to land tenure are especially unregulated. Deforestation and illegal logging have accelerated in anticipation
of highway paving. Paving would further speed forest loss in the area, as well as stimulate migration of land thieves (grileiros) to other frontiers. An argument is made that the highway should not be reconstructed and paved until after a state of law
has been established and it has been independently certified that sufficient governance prevails to secure protected areas
and enforce environmental legislation. A waiting period is needed after this is achieved before proceeding with the highway
paving. Above all, the logical sequence of steps must be followed, whereby environmental costs are assessed, reported, and
weighed prior to making de facto decisions on implementation of infrastructure projects. Deviation from this logical sequence is a common occurrence in many
parts of the world, especially in tropical areas. 相似文献
13.
Impacts of Man-Made Landscape Features on Numbers of Estuarine Waterbirds at Low Tide 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The potential impact of human disturbance on wintering waterbirds using intertidal mudflats was considered by relating their
numbers to the presence of nearby footpaths, roads, railroads, and towns. Data were obtained for six English estuaries from
the Wetland Bird Survey Low Tide Count scheme. Counts were undertaken monthly from November to February, and data were available
for an average of 2.8 years per estuary for the period 1992–1993 to 1999–2000. Count sections and the positions of man-made
landscape features were mapped using a GIS. Generalized linear models tested whether bird numbers varied according to the
estuary, month, area, whether or not the section bordered water, and the proportion of each section within a specified distance
of each landscape feature. In addition, the proximity of sections to the nearest footpath access point was considered. Numbers
of six of nine species, northern shelduck (Tadorna tadorna), red knot (Calidris canutus), dunlin (Calidris alpina), black-tailed godwit (Limosa limosa), Eurasian curlew (Numenius arquata) and common redshank (Tringa totanus), were significantly lower where a footpath was close to a count section, while those of brant (Branta bernicla) were greater. Northern shelduck, black-bellied plover (Pluvialis squatarola), dunlin, and black-tailed godwit numbers were reduced close to railroads and those of common ringed plover (Charadrius hiaticula), black-bellied plover, and Eurasian curlew close to roads. Common ringed plover numbers were greater close to towns. The
relative distances to which species were affected by footpaths corresponded to published information concerning their flight
distances in response to human disturbance. The study provided evidence that sustained disturbance associated with footpaths,
roads, and railroads reduced local habitat quality for waterbirds and the carrying capacity of estuaries. 相似文献