生态适宜度评价在区域环境影响评价中的应用——以淮安市洪泽工业园为例

以淮安市洪泽工业园区为研究对象,在区域环境影响评价中引入土地利用生态适宜度评价的方法,建立工业园区生态适宜度评价指标体系,并借助GIS技术将数值计算和图形叠置有机结合,实现了对工业园区土地利用进行生态适宜度评价的定量化研究方法,为工业园区的合理规划提供决策依据。     

基于投资结构视角的企业环保投资与财务绩效

通过回归分析法研究造纸与印刷业上市公司的环保投资与财务绩效的相关性,发现两者之间呈显著的正向线性关系。将环保投资按不同结构分类,发现污染预防投资比末端治理投资带来的财务绩效更明显,环保固定资产投资比技术投资在短期内带来的财务效益更明显。     

我国环境污染事故源解析研究

收集了2000²010年我国环境污染事故统计数据,并从污染事故的风险致灾因子、引发原因和主要涉及行业3个角度,对11年间的1065起污染事故案例展开深度剖析。结果表明:20002010年我国环境污染事故统计数据,并从污染事故的风险致灾因子、引发原因和主要涉及行业3个角度,对11年间的1065起污染事故案例展开深度剖析。结果表明:2000²010年间我国环境污染事故的主要风险致灾因子是工业废水,其造成的污染事故占事故总数的比例高达43%,应成为环境风险管理关注重点;人为因素引起的环境污染事故占事故总数的87.98%,是引发环境污染事故的主要原因;污染事故主要涉及的行业包括采矿业、制造业、电力燃气水的生产和供应业、交通运输业及废物治理业,其中,化学原料及化学品制造业发生的环境污染事故累计次数较高,达82起。因此企业需积极提高自身,同时相关部门需加强对重点行业、主要风险因子的监督审查力度。     

环境责任险试点行业定量化选取标准研究——以河南省化工行业为例

将经济规模、污染特征、国家名录制定、国家行业政策、环境风险事故5个方面作为行业选取的影响因素进行分析,构建了行业选取的定量化指标体系,采用层次分析法对权重进行赋值,并制定了不同指标等级判别标准。同时以河南省化工行业为实例进行了细类行业的选取研究,并进一步制定15个行业清单,建议其作为河南省环境责任险制度的试点行业,为管理部门的精细化和针对性管理提供了科学依据。     

石化化工建设项目环境影响评价技术要点

石化化工行业是国民经济的重要组成部分,同时具有工艺复杂,涉及大量危险化学品,环境风险高、危害大等特征,其环境影响评价技术难度较大。产业政策、规划符合性和总图布置、选址合理性;工程分析;环境风险评价;污染防治措施等内容是石化化工项目环境影响评价的核心。本文对这几个方面环境影响评价技术要点进行了系统总结,为今后相关项目环评工作提供借鉴和参考。     

Socioeconomic characteristics of suitable wolf habitat in Sweden

Large carnivores are ecologically important, but their behaviour frequently put them in conflict with humans. I suggest that a spatial co-occurrence of suitable habitat and relatively poor socioeconomic conditions in rural areas may contribute to inflated human–carnivore conflict. Here, I test if there is potential for such an explanation for the human–wolf conflict in Sweden, a conflict that is arguably not congruent with the costs and damages imposed by the wolf population. I found negative correlations between wolf habitat suitability within Swedish municipalities and indicators of their relative socioeconomic conditions. I argue that geographic socioeconomic inequality may contribute to the Swedish human-wolf conflict, partly by the use of wolves as symbols for socioeconomic dissent and partly by using them as scapegoats for socioeconomic conditions. Therefore, regional policies aimed at alleviating geographic socioeconomic inequities may create a more favourable environment for solving the human-wolf conflict in Sweden.Supplementary InformationThe online version of this article (10.1007/s13280-021-01524-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

南平市农村生态环境建设与保护的思考

对南平市农村生态环境建设与保护中存在的问题进行了剖析，提出了加强农村生态环境保护的对策和建议。     

关于沈阳经济技术开发区环保工业园的发展构想

对沈阳经济技术开发区目前的环境管理及区域环境状况进行分析 ,并提出如何通过建设开发区环保工业园提高管理水平、引导环保产业发展及更有效地为企业服务。     

黑龙江省开展农村环境质量监测的现状分析及几点建议

开展农村环境质量监测已成为国家环境监测的一项重要工作,监测工作正由试点监测逐步过渡到例行监测。本文根据近4年的试点监测数据,介绍了黑龙江省农村环境质量监测情况及质量现状,指出当前监测工作中存在的问题,并为今后全面开展监测提出了有针对性的建议。     

The operation of cost-effective on-site process for the bio-treatment of mixed municipal solid waste in rural areas

The application of on-site waste treatment significantly reduces the need for expensive waste collection and transportation in rural areas; hence, it is considered of fundamental importance in developing countries. In this study, the effects of in-field operation of two types of mini-scale on-site solid waste treatment facilities on de-centralized communities, one using mesophilic two-phase anaerobic digestion combined with composting (TPAD, 50 kg/d) and another using decentralized composting (DC, 0.6–2 t/d), were investigated. Source-separated collection was applied to provide organic waste for combined process, in which the amount of waste showed significant seasonal variation. The highest collection amount was 0.18 kg/capital day and 0.6 kg/household day. Both sites showed good performance after operating for more than 6 months, with peak waste reduction rates of 53.5% in TPAD process and 63.2% in DC process. Additionally, the windrow temperature exceeded 55 °C for >5 days, indicating that the composting products from both facilities were safe. These results were supported by 4 days aerobic static respiration rate tests. The emissions were low enough to avoid any impact on nearby communities (distance <100 m). Partial energy could be recovered by the combined process but with complicated operation. Hence, the choice of process must be considered in case separately.