锦州市农村饮用水水源地环境评估

为了研究锦州市农村饮用水水源地基础环境状况综合评估工作,从环境禀赋、污染状况、环境监管和环境风险四个领域入手,分析农村饮用水水源地存在的主要环境问题和原因。有以下几点:水文地质参数匮乏,上游来水水质较差;由于地质因素及当地人民生活、牲畜饲养所排废物以及长期施用化肥导致总硬度及高锰酸盐指数超标;基本没有开展保护区的划分,也没有进行勘界、树立水源保护区标志、污染源搬迁等工作。     

Preliminary techno-economic analysis of three typical decentralized composting technologies treating rural kitchen waste: a case study in China

● Decentralized composting (DC) is a profitable KW treating technology. ● SAC and BEC were economically attractive in rural area, while HDC was unprofitable. ● KW handling subsidy plays a vital role in making DC profitable. ● SAC and BEC have great potential in promoting rural KW treatment. This study was designed to evaluate whether the decentralized rural kitchen waste (KW) composting technologies used in China can be widely applied. To this end, we completed a techno-economic analysis of three typical types of KW compositing, namely solar-assisted (SAC), bio-enhanced (BEC), and heat-dewatering composting (HDC). These evaluations revealed that all three technologies produce composting products that meet China’s organic fertilizer standard and that both SAC and BEC are economically self-sustaining and generate net profits (18824.94 and 17791.52 US$/a) and positive net present values (32133.11 and 25035.93 US$). Subsequent sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the KW-handling subsidy plays a critical role in making decentralized composting economically attractive. Based on these analyses, we believe that reducing the coverage area of SAC, reducing the operating cost of BEC and HDC, upgrading composting products, and strengthening secondary pollution control would aid in supporting the technological improvement of these processes. Moreover, providing appropriate subsidies and promulgating specific standards and policies for KW fertilizer are key strategies for decentralized rural KW composting management.     

农村生活污水土地处理技术

本文陈述了我国农村生活污水的特点和污水土地处理技术的研究及应用现状,认为污水土屯处理技术处理农村生活污水是可行的,对BOD,COD,氨氮,总氮和总磷有着较高的去除率,并且投资省、运行费用低、管理简单、维护方便、出水可回用,有净化污水、美化绿化环境和节约水资源的综合效果。     

煤炭企业安全投资保障机制及其系统动力学分析

针对我国目前煤炭企业安全投资保障中所面临的问题,构建了"多方制约、良性互动"的煤炭企业安全投资保障机制,并从该机制各方"互赢"和制约性出发,将政府的安全监察、煤炭行业协会的安全预防、保险公司的安全保险对煤炭企业安全投资的保障作用进行了分析。然后,根据系统动力学(SD)原理,对其动力学特点进行了系统分析和论证。在此基础上,建立了煤炭企业安全投资保障机制的SD模型,并寻求保证煤炭企业一定收益水平的安全投资水平,以改善和优化煤炭企业安全投资保障行为的机会和途径,为综合评价煤炭企业安全投资保障机制运行效果提供了一种思路。     

新疆喀什地区农村改水效益综合分析

为评价新疆喀什地区农村改水效益,我们按照国家农村饮用水水质的标准和分析方法,分析、计算出改水后饮用水中的细菌总数和大肠菌群下降了５１．０２％,集中式和分散式供水的水质综合指数（ＷＱＩ）分别为改水前的１５．３８％和２０．００％;分析与饮水有关的介水传染病（即霍乱、痢疾、肝炎、伤寒）的总发病率,改水后较改水前平均下降了６１．１８％,用水力资本法计算得出,减少上述疾病可能造成的经济损失６３９３５０元／ｇ     

Forest frontiers out of control: The long-term effects of discourses,policies, and markets on conservation and development of the Brazilian Amazon

With the Brazilian military governments of the 1960s, systematic economic development of the Amazon began. Social and environmental concerns have entered Amazonian discourses and policies only since the 1990s. Since then, reports of threats to forests and indigenous people have alternated with reports of socio-economic progress and environmental achievements. These contradictions often arise from limited thematic, sectoral, temporal, or spatial perspectives, and lead to misinterpretation. Our paper offers a comprehensive picture of discourses, policies, and socio-environmental dynamics for the entire region over the last five decades. We distinguish eight historical policy phases, each of which had little effect on near-linear dynamics of demographic growth and land-use expansion, although some policies showed the potential to change the course of development. To prevent local, national, and international actors from continuing to assert harmful interests in the region, a coherent long-term commitment and change in the collective mindset are needed.     

演化博弈视角下小微企业内部安全知识共享研究

为探究小微企业组织内部安全知识共享机制,提高小微企业的安全氛围。本文运用演化博弈理论分析员工群体之间的安全知识共享博弈关系,选取系统动力学软件Vensim构建安全知识共享模型,对不同的影响因素进行了模拟分析。模拟结果表明:员工关系融洽系数、领导的重视程度对演化结果呈正相关关系;安全知识的分享成本则与演化结果呈负相关关系。并为促进安全知识共享提出对策措施。     

某重点行业企业用地疑似污染区域识别

本文以上海市一家重点行业企业为例介绍了疑似污染区域的识别过程,并提出了在疑似污染区域识别过程中的注意事项及重点关注区域。     

成都市温江区农村污水治理模式与技术研究

农村污水治理是农村人居环境整治的重点任务之一,也是其难点所在。基于乡村振兴及改善农村人居环境的战略需求,本文以成都市温江区为研究对象,分析农村污水治理的现状和存在的关键问题,探讨农村污水治理技术与模式,从农村生活污水的处理模式,农村黑臭水体处理模式以及农村污水管理模式三个方面,探索符合温江农村特点、可复制可推广的农村污水治理模式,以期为川西地区农村污水治理提供理论参考。     

新疆某石化企业周边土壤中多环芳烃调查与评价

本文以新疆某石化企业周边土壤作为调查对象,分析其中16种多环芳烃的含量,分析结果表明,该石化企业周边土壤中多环芳烃的含量处于安全水平。